Ituaiga iniseti ma faiga e faatino ai

O a vailaau e tineia ai manu faalafua?

Inisetiose vasega o vaila'au e fa'aaogaina e pulea ai pe fa'aumatia ai fa'ama'i fa'ama'i ma puipuia ai fa'ato'aga, soifua maloloina lautele ma oloa teuina.Fa'alagolago i le faiga o le gaioiga ma le fa'ama'i fa'ama'i, e mafai ona fa'avasegaina iniseti i ituaiga eseese, e aofia ai insecticides fa'afeso'ota'i, insecticides o'ona gastric, insecticides fumigant ma isi.

 

Ituaiga autu o iniseti

Organophosphorus insecticides

Organophosphorus insecticides o se vasega o vailaʻau faʻaaogaina lautele i faʻatoʻaga, soifua maloloina lautele ma faʻamaʻi faʻamaʻi fale.Latou te galulue muamua e ala i le taofiofia o le gaioiga a le enzyme acetylcholinesterase (AChE), lea e poloka ai le faʻaogaina o neura i faʻamaʻi faʻamaʻi, e oʻo atu ai i lo latou oti.

Tulaga lelei:

Lelei maualuga ma lautele-alaala: e iai sona aafiaga taua i le tele o ituaiga o meaola faalafua ma e tele le faʻaogaina.

Gaoioiga vave: e mafai ona faʻaumatia faʻamaʻi faʻamaʻi vave, faʻatasi ai ma le vave o le aafiaga.

Tau maualalo: maualalo le gaosiga ma le faʻaaogaina o tau, talafeagai mo faʻaoga tetele.

Oloa vevela

Trichlorfon: Ose vaila'au fa'a-organophosphate lautele e sili ona aoga e fa'aaoga e pulea ai le tele o fa'ama'i fa'ato'aga.

Malathion: fa'atasi ai ma le maualalo o le oona, e fa'aaogaina lautele mo fale ma soifua maloloina lautele iniseti, fa'apea fo'i ma fa'ato'aga fa'ama'i fa'ama'i.

Parathion: Oona maualuga, e masani ona faʻaaogaina mo faʻatoʻaga faʻamaʻi faʻamaʻi, ae ua faʻasaina pe faʻasaina i nisi o atunuu ma itulagi.

Malathion

Malathion 45%EC, 57%EC, 65%EC, 50%WP, 90%TC, 95%TC

 

Iniseti karbamate

Insecticides Carbamate ose vasega o vaila'au e fa'aaogaina e pulea ai fa'ama'i fa'ama'i eseese i fa'ato'aga ma si'osi'omaga o aiga.Latou te galulue e ala i le taofiofia o le enzyme acetylcholinesterase, lea e oʻo atu ai i le fausiaina o le acetylcholine i nerve synapses ma neuromuscular junctions.O le mea lea e o'o atu ai i le ita faifai pea o maso ma i'u ai ina pipili ma oti ai le iniseti.

Tulaga lelei:

maualuga le lelei: e malosi le a'afiaga i le lamu gutu o meaola faalafua.

Fa'anatinati: fa'anatinati ma aoga i se taimi pu'upu'u.

Fa'ato'a maualalo: vave fa'aleagaina i le si'osi'omaga, pu'upu'u taimi totoe.

Oloa vevela

Carbaryl (Sevin): Fa'aoga tele i fa'ato'aga, togafale, ma mo le fa'atonutonuina o fa'ama'i fagafao.

Carbaryl

Carbaryl 50%WP, 85%WP, 5%GR, 95%TC

Aldicarb: E sili ona malosi, faʻaaoga masani mo faʻamaʻi palapala.

Propoxur: Fa'aaogaina i fa'ato'aga ma fa'ato'aga fa'ama'i fa'ama'i, e aofia ai i fue kola ma maunu loi.

Methomyl: Faafaigaluegaina i faatoaga mo le puleaina o iniseti i fua o faatoaga.

Methomyl

Methomyl 20% SL, 24% SL, 20% EC, 40% EC, 90% SP, 90% EP, 98% TC

 

Pyrethroid insecticides

Pyrethroid insecticides ose vasega o vaila'au fa'akomepiuta ua fa'ata'ita'iina i le fa'atupu fa'ama'i fa'alenatura pyrethroid (e maua mai le chrysanthemum).Pyrethroids e fa'aaogaina lautele ona o lo latou aoga, e maualalo le oona i mammals, ma le mautu o le siosiomaga.E osofa'ia e Pyrethroids le tino o iniseti e ala i le fusifusia i alavai o le sodium.O le fusifusia lea e faaumiumi ai le tulaga matala o le alavai, e oo atu ai i le toe sa'e o neura, pipili, ma i'u ai ina oti le iniseti.

Tulaga lelei:

La'ititi oona: saogalemu mo tagata ma manu, talafeagai mo le fa'aogaina o le soifua maloloina o aiga ma tagata lautele.

Fa'agaoioiga vave: e iai sona aafiaga vave tu'itu'i i le tele o fa'ama'i fa'ama'i.

Stable: mautu i le siosiomaga ma se umi umi o le aoga.

Oloa vevela

Permethrin: Fa'aaogaina i fa'ato'aga, soifua maloloina lautele, ma vaila'au fa'ato'aga. E maua fo'i i mea tau fale e pei o fa'ama'i iniseti ma lavalava e togafitia E maua fo'i i mea tau fale e pei o fa'ama'i iniseti ma lavalava ua togafitia .

Cypermethrin: Fa'aaogaina tele i fa'ato'aga ma fa'ama'i iniseti.

Deltamethrin: Ua lauiloa i lona aoga e tetee atu ai i le tele o ituaiga o iniseti faʻamaʻi i faʻatoʻaga ma nofoaga nofomau.

Lambda-cyhalothrin: Fa'aaogaina i fa'ato'aga ma polokalame fa'alesoifua maloloina lautele mo le puleaina o namu.

Fenvalerate: Fa'aaogaina ile fa'ato'aga fa'ato'aga.

Alpha-Cypermethrin 10% SC

Alpha-Cypermethrin 10% SC

 

Neonicotinoid insecticides

Neonicotinoid insecticides, e masani ona taʻua o le "neonics," o se vasega o vailaau faʻamaʻi faʻamalosi e tutusa ma le nicotine.E masani ona faʻaaogaina ona o lo latou aoga i le puleaina o faʻamaʻi iniseti eseese ma a latou mea faʻapitoa, lea e mafai ai ona latou puipuia uma laʻau.Neonicotinoids e fusifusia i nicotinic acetylcholine receptors i totonu o le fatugalemu o iniseti, ma mafua ai le faʻamalosia o le tino.E oo atu ai i le pipili ma le oti.

Tulaga lelei:

Lelei ma lautele alaleo: aoga e tetee atu ai i le tele o faʻamaʻi faʻamaʻi, aemaise lava vaega gutu tuia.

Umi ole taimi ole aoga: Faʻagata umi le aoga, faʻaitiitia le numera o talosaga.

Oona maualalo: saogalemu mo tagata ma manu, lautele lautele o le faʻaoga.

Oloa vevela

Imidacloprid: O se tasi o vaila'au e sili ona fa'aaogaina i le lalolagi atoa, fa'aoga i fa'ato'aga, fa'ato'aga, ma mo le puleaina o flea i fagafao.
Imidacloprid 25% WP

Imidacloprid 25% WP

Clothianidin: Faʻaaogaina i faʻatoʻaga, aemaise o se fatu e togafitia ai fualaʻau e pei o sana ma soya.

Clothianidin 50%WDG

Clothianidin 50%WDG

Thiamethoxam: Fa'afaigaluega i fa'ato'aga mo fa'ato'aga eseese.

Thiamethoxam 25% SC

Thiamethoxam 25% SC

Acetamiprid: Fa'aaogaina i fa'ato'aga ma nofoaga e nonofo ai.

Acetamiprid 20% SP

Acetamiprid 20% SP

Dinotefuran: Fa'aoga i mea tau fa'ato'aga ma fa'ama'i fa'ama'i mo le fa'aogaina e aiga.

Dinotefuran
Dinotefuran 50% WP, 25% WP, 70% WDG, 20% SG, 98% TC

 

Faiga ole gaioiga ole iniseti

Insecticides e maua ai a'afiaga i manu fa'ama'i e ala i auala eseese, aemaise lava e aofia ai:

 

Neurotoxicity:fa'alavelave i le fa'aogaina o fa'ama'i fa'ama'i, e fa'atupu ai le pipili po'o le oti.

Tulaga lelei:

Lelei ma faʻanatinati: e mafai ona vave galue i luga o le neura o faʻamaʻi ma faʻaumatia vave.

Alaleo lautele: aoga e faasaga i le tele o faʻamaʻi faʻamaʻi, lautele o faʻaoga.

Faigofie le fa'aoga: o le tele o nei iniseti e mafai ona fa'aoga e ala i le sasaina, fumigation ma isi auala.

 

Taofi le manava:fa'aleagaina le fa'aogaina o le manava o fa'ama'i fa'ama'i, e o'o atu ai i le manava ma le oti.

Tulaga lelei:

Insecticide sili ona aoga: e ala i le taofia o le manava enzyme system o faʻamaʻi faʻamaʻi, e oʻo atu ai i le oti i le manava.

Fa'ato'a maualalo: fa'ama'i fa'ama'i e tau fa'atupuina le tete'e atu i lenei faiga.

Ole tele ole gaioiga: e mafai ona fa'aoga ile tele o fa'ama'i fa'ama'i ma o latou tulaga tau atina'e eseese.

 

Fa'alavelave fa'amama:e a'afia ai le faiga o mea'ai o meaola faalafua, e taofia ai i latou mai le mauaina o mea'ai.

Tulaga lelei:

Filifiliga lelei: e masani lava ona galue i le lamuina o gutu o manu faalafua, itiiti le a'afiaga i isi meaola.

Fa'ato'a maualalo: fa'ama'i fa'ama'i e fa'aitiitia le fa'atupuina o le tete'e i lenei faiga o gaioiga.

Fa'alesiosiomaga: e masani ona fa'aitiitia le fa'aleagaina o le si'osi'omaga.

 

Epidermal fa'alavelave:fa'aleagaina le fausaga o le epidermal o le fa'ama'i fa'ama'i, e o'o atu ai i le leiloa o sua o le tino ma le oti i le fa'amama.

Tulaga lelei:

Insecticide sili ona aoga: e ala i le faʻaumatiaina o le epidermis o faʻamaʻi faʻamaʻi, e oʻo atu ai i le leiloa o le sua o le tino ma le oti i le faʻamama.

La'ititi le tete'e: fa'ama'i fa'ama'i e tau le maua le tete'e i lenei fa'aleagaina fa'aletino.

Saogalemu o le si'osi'omaga: maualalo le a'afiaga o le si'osi'omaga ma meaola e le fa'atatau, saogalemu i le si'osi'omaga.

 

Fa'aaogāina o Iniseti

Fa'aoga i Fa'ato'aga

Insecticides o se tasi lea o auala sili ona taua e pulea ai faʻamaʻi faʻamaʻi i le gaosiga o faʻatoʻaga.Pe a faʻaaogaina, e tatau ona filifilia insecticides talafeagai e tusa ai ma ituaiga o faʻamaʻi faʻamaʻi, o latou faʻataʻitaʻiga ma tulaga o le siosiomaga, ma faʻaoga e tusa ai ma le fua fautuaina ma le auala e maua ai le aafiaga sili.

Fa'aoga ile Aiga ma le Soifua Maloloina

I le tulaga o le soifua maloloina o aiga ma tagata lautele, o vailaau iniseti e masani ona faaaoga e tape ai namu, moa ma isi.E tatau ona faia ni puipuiga mo le saogalemu pe a faʻaaogaina e aloese ai mai lamatiaga le talafeagai i tagata, manu ma le siosiomaga.E fautuaina le fa'aogaina o vailaau e maualalo-o'ona, fa'anatinati vave, ma mulimulita'i i fa'atonuga mo le fa'aoga.

 

FAQ

1. O le a le faiga ole gaioiga ole iniseti?

Tali: O le faiga ole gaioiga ole iniseti e faasino ile auala e aafia ai le iniseti ole gaioiga ole physiological ma biochemical ole iniseti, e oo atu ai i lo latou oti.O faiga masani o gaioiga e aofia ai le neurotoxicity, maso oona, faʻalavelave manava ma tulafono faatonutonu tuputupu aʻe.

2.O le a le faiga mole mole ole gaioiga ole insecticides?

Tali: O le mole mole mole o le gaioiga o iniseti e aofia ai le fegalegaleai o meaola ninii ma polotini taulaʻi poʻo enzymes i totonu o le tino o iniseti, ma faʻalavelave ai i galuega masani faʻaletino a le iniseti ma oʻo atu ai i le oti o le iniseti.O faiga fa'apitoa e aofia ai le taofia o le fa'aosoina o neura, fa'alavelaveina le gaioiga o le enzyme ma fa'alavelave i le paleni ole hormone.

3. O le a le taua o le fa'avasegaina o iniseti e fa'atatau i le faiga o gaioiga?

Tali: O le fa'avasegaina e fa'atatau i le faiga o gaioiga e fesoasoani i le filifilia o iniseti talafeagai mo le tu'ufa'atasia o fa'ama'i fa'ama'i ma 'alofia ai le fa'aaogaina faifaipea o le vasega lava e tasi o iniseti, ma fa'aitiitia ai le lamatiaga o le atina'eina o le tete'e.


Taimi meli: Me-31-2024