Neonicotinoidshe papa ia o na mea ino neurotoxic i hoohana nui ia.He mau mea synthetic ia o nā pūhui nicotine e pepehi mua i nā pests ma o ka hoʻopilikia ʻana i ka ʻōnaehana nerve waena o nā inike.
Pehea e hana ai nā neonicotinoids
Neonicotinoid insecticideshana ma ka hoʻopaʻa ʻana i ka nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs) i loko o ka ʻōpū o ka naʻau, e alakaʻi ana i ka hoʻoulu nui ʻana o ka ʻōnaehana nerve a ma hope o ka lolo a me ka make.Ma muli o ka haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa o kēia mau mea loaʻa i nā kānaka a me nā mea momona ʻē aʻe, ʻoi aku ka ʻona o ka neonicotinoid insecticides i nā kānaka a me nā mea ola ʻole ʻē aʻe.
ʻO nā pests i hoʻopaʻa ʻia e ka neonicotinoid insecticides
Hoʻopiʻi ka lāʻau neonicotinoid insecticides i ka nui o nā meaʻai mahiʻai e like me, akā ʻaʻole i kaupalena ʻia i, aphids, ticks, leafhoppers, whiteflies, flea beetles, golden beetles, a me nā mea ʻino ʻē aʻe.Hoʻopilikia pinepine kēia mau mea ʻino i nā mea kanu, pili i ka hana mahiʻai a me ka hoʻokele waiwai
ʻO ka hoʻokomo ʻana i nā lāʻau neonicotinoid nui
1. Acetamiprid
Pōmaikaʻi:
Maikaʻi a ākea ākea: He hopena maikaʻi kona i nā ʻano mea ʻino e like me nā aphids a me nā whiteflies.
ʻona haʻahaʻa: haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa i ke kanaka a me nā holoholona, pili i ke kaiapuni.
ʻO ka permeability ikaika: hiki iā ia ke komo pono i loko o nā mea kanu a lōʻihi ka manawa hoʻomau.
Nā noi:
Hoʻohana nui ʻia e kāohi i nā pests ma nā mea kanu, nā lāʻau huaʻai, ka paka, ka pulupulu a me nā mea kanu ʻē aʻe.
2. Clothianidin
Pōmaikaʻi:
Mana: He hopena koʻikoʻi kona ma luna o nā ʻano mea ʻino paʻakikī e hoʻomalu, e like me ka pīkī Iapana, ka ʻaʻa kulina, a pēlā aku.
Hoʻomau lōʻihi: He manawa hoʻomau lōʻihi i ka lepo a kūpono no ka hoʻohana ʻana ma ke ʻano he lāʻau lapaʻau lepo.
Paʻa kaiapuni: ʻoi aku ka paʻa i ke kaiapuni, ʻaʻole maʻalahi ka decompose.
Nā noi:
Hoʻohana nui ʻia i ka kulina, soybean, ʻuala a me nā mea kanu ʻē aʻe, a me kekahi mau mea kanu māla.
3. Dinotefuran
Pōmaikaʻi:
Rapid: Loaʻa iā ia ka hopena pepehi wikiwiki a hiki ke hoʻomalu i ka laha ʻana o nā pests wikiwiki.
Paʻa ākea: He mea maikaʻi ia e kūʻē i nā ʻano mea ʻino, e like me nā waha omo a me nā waha ʻū.
Hiki ke hoʻoheheʻe maikaʻi: hoʻoheheʻe maikaʻi ʻia i ka wai, kūpono ia no ka pulupulu a me ka mālama ʻana i ka lepo.
Nā noi:
Hoʻohana maʻamau e hoʻomalu i nā aphids, whiteflies, leafhoppers a me nā mea ʻino ʻē aʻe ma luna o nā mea kanu, nā lāʻau hua, nā pua a me nā mea kanu ʻē aʻe.
4. Imidacloprid
Pōmaikaʻi:
Hoʻohana nui ʻia: ʻo ia kekahi o nā neonicotinoid insecticides i hoʻohana nui ʻia.
ʻOi aku ka maikaʻi: ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi e kūʻē i nā pests mouthparts e like me aphids, whiteflies, leafhoppers, etc.
Multi-purpose: Hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia no ka mālama ʻana i ka lepo, ka mālama ʻana i nā hua a me ka pulupulu foliar.
Nā noi:
Hoʻohana nui ʻia i nā mea kanu meaʻai, nā lāʻau huaʻai, nā mea kanu, nā pua a me nā mea kanu ulu.
5. Tiamethoxam
Pōmaikaʻi:
ʻO ka laulā ākea: ka mālama maikaʻi ʻana i nā ʻano mea ʻino, e like me nā aphids, whiteflies, flea beetles, etc.
Systemic: lawe ʻia e ka mea kanu a alakaʻi ʻia i nā ʻāpana āpau o ka mea kanu, e hāʻawi ana i ka pale piha.
ʻona haʻahaʻa: palekana i ke kaiapuni a me nā mea ola ʻole.
Nā noi:
Hoʻohana nui ʻia e kāohi i nā pests ma nā mea kanu e like me ke kulina, ka palaoa, ka pulupulu, ka ʻuala a me nā mea kanu.
Ua lilo ʻo Neonicotinoid insecticides i mea nui loa o nā insecticides i ka mahiʻai hou ma muli o ko lākou kiʻekiʻe kiʻekiʻe, haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa a me ka laulā ākea.ʻOiai he hopena koʻikoʻi ko lākou ma luna o nā pests i hoʻopaʻa ʻia, aia kekahi mau pōʻino o ke kaiapuni a me ke kaiaola, e like me ka pōʻino i nā iniseti pono e like me ka pi.No laila, i ka hoʻohana ʻana i kēia mau insecticides, pono e uku ʻia i ka ʻepekema a me ka hoʻohana pono ʻana i nā ʻano hana e hōʻemi ai i nā hopena ʻino i ke kaiaola.
Ka manawa hoʻouna: Jun-04-2024
