Imiphumela yezinye izivivinyo ze-greenhouse kulobu busika nentwasahlobo kanye nemiphumela yocwaningo lwasensimini kule nkathi yokukhula ibonise ukuthi i-palmer Palm yemifino i-dicamba (DR) iyamelana.Lezi zibalo ze-DR zisungulwe ezifundeni zase-Crockett, e-Gibson, e-Madison, e-Shelby nase-Warren futhi mhlawumbe nezinye izifunda ezimbalwa.
Izinga lokumelana ne-dicamba liphansi, cishe izikhathi ezingu-2.5.Kunoma iyiphi insimu, izinga lokuhlasela liqala ephaketheni elincane, lapho isitshalo somzali wesifazane sihlwanyelwa ngo-2019, futhi indawo ihlanganisa amahektha ambalwa.Lokhu kungafaniswa nemifino yokuqala eqoshiwe ye-Palmer mar evikela i-glyphosate eyatholwa eTennessee ngo-2006. Ngaleso sikhathi, abalimi abaningi babesenokulawula okuhle kwemifino ye-glyphosate Palmer mar, kuyilapho amanye amasimu Umuntu waphawula ukubaleka ensimini yakhe.
Ngesikhathi izitshalo ze-Xtend ziqala ukubonakala endaweni yesigameko, kwakungavamile ukuthi imifino ye-Palmer mar ibaleke i-dicamba, eyayiduka yonke indawo.Lokhu kuphunyuka kuzokhula kancane noma kungakhuli nhlobo emavikini ama-2 kuya kwamathathu.Khona-ke, izitshalo eziningi zizofihlwa yizitshalo futhi ngeke ziphinde zibonakale.Kodwa-ke, namuhla ezindaweni ezithile, izitsha ze-DR Palmer mar zizoqala ukukhula futhi ngamanani angakaze abonwe zingakapheli izinsuku eziyi-10.
Ezinye zezici ezikhethekile zalolu cwaningo ukuhlolwa kokhula lwe-DR ezindlini zokugcina izithombo eNyuvesi yaseTennessee naseNyuvesi yase-Arkansas.Lolu cwaningo lukhombisa ukuthi ukubekezelelwa kwePalmer imifino eyaphunyuka ku-dicamba emasimini amaningi e-Tennessee ngo-2019 yilokho kwe-Palmer imifino etshalwe embewu eqoqwe e-Arkansas naseTennessee eminyakeni eyishumi edlule.Izikhathi ezingaphezu kwezi-2.Ukuhlolwa kwe-greenhouse okwalandela okwenziwa e-Texas Tech University kwabonisa ukuthi abantu abaqoqwe e-Shelby County, e-Tennessee babeyibekezelela i-dicamba izikhathi ezingu-2.4 kune-Parma a e-Lubbock, e-Texas (Umfanekiso 1).
Izivivinyo zasensimini eziphindaphindiwe zenziwa kwabanye abantu okusolakala ukuthi basePalmer eTennessee.Imiphumela yalezi zivivinyo zenkambu ibonisa izikrini ku-greenhouse, ebonisa ukuthi izinga lohlelo lokusebenza le-1x dicamba (0.5 lb/A) linganikeza u-40-60% wokulawula imifino ye-Palmer mar.Kulezi zivivinyo, ukusetshenziswa okwalandela kwe-dicamba kuthuthukise kancane ukulawula (Izibalo 2, 3).
Ekugcineni, abalimi abaningi babika ukuthi badinga ukufafaza imifino efanayo ye-Palmer mar izikhathi ezi-3 kuya kwezi-4 ukuze bathole ukulawula.Ngeshwa, le mibiko ikhombisa ukuthi izifundo ze-greenhouse kanye nenkundla zibonisa lokho abanye abaxhumanisi, abathengisi nabalimi eTennessee abakubonayo emasimini.
Ngakho-ke, ingabe yisikhathi sokwethuka?cha.Kodwa-ke, sekuyisikhathi sokuphinda uhlole ukuphathwa kokhula.Manje, ukuphathwa kwe-herbicide kubaluleke kakhulu kunangaphambili.Yingakho sigcizelela ukusetshenziswa kwemithi yokubulala ukhula enehood ukotini, njengeparaquat, glufosinate, Valor, diuron, metazox kanye ne-MSMA.
Uma sibheke ngabomvu ku-2021, manje sekudingekile ukusebenzisa ngempumelelo izinsalela ze-PRE spray ku-Palmer.Ngaphezu kwalokho, inkululeko kufanele isetshenziswe ngokushesha ngemva kokusetshenziswa kwe-dicamba ukuqeda ukuphunyuka.Ekugcineni, izifundo zokuqala zibonise ukuthi i-DR Palmer mar izophinde imelane kakhulu ne-2,4-D.
Ngakho-ke, lokhu kwenza i-Liberty ibe isibulala-khula esibaluleke kakhulu ohlelweni lokulawula ukhula lwezitshalo ze-Xtend ne-Enlist.
UDkt. Larry Steckel uyisazi sokhula eNyuvesi yaseTennessee.Buka zonke izindaba zababhali lapha.