Iyini i-Imidacloprid?

Imidaclopridwuhlobo lwesibulala-zinambuzane olulingisa i-nicotine.I-Nicotine ngokwemvelo ivela ezitshalweni eziningi, kuhlanganise nogwayi, futhi inobuthi ezinambuzaneni.I-Imidacloprid isetshenziselwa ukulawula izinambuzane ezincelisayo, umuhlwa, ezinye izinambuzane zomhlabathi, namazeze ezilwaneni ezifuywayo.Imikhiqizo equkethe imidacloprid iza ngezindlela ezihlukahlukene, kuhlanganiseuketshezi, ama-granules, izimpushana, namaphakethe ancibilika emanzini.Imikhiqizo ye-Imidacloprid ingasetshenziswa ezitshalweni, ezindlini, noma emikhiqizweni yamazeze ezilwane ezifuywayo.

I-Imidacloprid 25% WP

 

Isebenza kanjani i-Imidacloprid?

I-Imidacloprid iphazamisa ikhono lemizwa ukuthumela izimpawu ezivamile, okwenza isimiso sezinzwa siyeke ukusebenza kahle.I-Imidacloprid inobuthi kakhulu ezinambuzaneni nakwezinye izilwane ezingenamgogodla kunezilwane ezincelisayo nezinyoni ngoba ibopha kangcono kuma-receptors kumaseli ezinzwa ezinambuzane.

Imidacloprid ai-systemic insecticide, okusho ukuthi izitshalo ziwumunca enhlabathini noma emaqabunga futhi ziwusakaze kuzo zonke iziqu zesitshalo, amaqabunga, izithelo nezimbali.Izinambuzane ezihlafuna noma ezimunca izitshalo ezilashwayo ekugcineni zizodla i-imidacloprid.Uma izinambuzane zisebenzisa i-imidacloprid, ilimaza izinhlelo zabo zezinzwa, ekugcineni ziholele ekufeni kwazo.

 

I-Imidacloprid ihlala isikhathi esingakanani ezitshalweni?

Ubude besikhathi sokusebenza kwayo ezitshalweni bungahluka kuye ngezinto ezifana nezinhlobo zezitshalo, indlela yokufaka isicelo, kanye nezimo zemvelo.Ngokuvamile, i-imidacloprid inganikeza ukuvikeleka ezinambuzaneni amasonto ambalwa kuya ezinyangeni ezimbalwa, kodwa kungase kudingeke ukuthi isetshenziswe kabusha ngezikhathi ezithile ukuze ilawulwe isikhathi eside.

 

Yiziphi izinguquko ezenzeka ku-Imidacloprid emvelweni?

Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, izinsalela zibophana kakhulu enhlabathini.I-Imidacloprid iphuka ngokushesha emanzini nasekukhanyeni kwelanga.I-pH nezinga lokushisa lamanzi lithinta izinga lokuqhekeka kwe-imidacloprid.Ngaphansi kwezimo ezithile, imidacloprid ingase isuke emhlabathini iye emanzini angaphansi komhlaba.I-Imidacloprid ihlukana ibe amanye amakhemikhali amaningi njengoba izibopho zamangqamuzana ziphulwa.

 

Ingabe i-imidacloprid iphephile kubantu?

Umthelela we-imidacloprid empilweni yomuntu uncike ekutheniumthamo, ubude besikhathi, kanye nemvamisawokuchayeka.Imiphumela ingase futhi yehluke kuye ngempilo yomuntu ngamunye kanye nezici zemvelo.Labo abadla amanani amakhulu ngomlomo bangase babe nakhoukuhlanza, ukujuluka, ukozela, nokudideka.Ukungenisa okunjalo ngokuvamile kudingeka kube ngamabomu, njengoba kudingeka amanani abalulekile ukuze kubangele ukusabela okunobuthi.

 

Ngingadalulwa kanjani ku-Imidacloprid?

Abantu bangachayeka kumakhemikhali ngezindlela ezine: ngokuwafaka esikhumbeni, ukuwafaka emehlweni, ukuwahogela, noma ukuwagwinya.Lokhu kungenzeka uma othile ephatha izibulala-zinambuzane noma izilwane ezifuywayo ezisanda kwelashwa futhi engazigezi izandla ngaphambi kokudla.Uma usebenzisa imikhiqizo egcekeni lakho, ezifuyweni ezifuywayo, noma kwenye indawo bese uthola umkhiqizo esikhumbeni sakho noma uhogele isifutho, ungachayeka ku-imidacloprid.Ngenxa yokuthi i-imidacloprid iyi-insecticide ehlelekile, uma udla izithelo, amaqabunga, noma izimpande zezitshalo ezitshalwe enhlabathini ephathwa nge-imidacloprid, ungase uvezwe kuyo.

 

Yiziphi izimpawu nezimpawu zokuchayeka kafushane ku-Imidacloprid?

Abasebenzi basemapulazini babike ukucasuka kwesikhumba noma iso, isiyezi, ukuphefumula kanzima, ukudideka, noma ukuhlanza ngemva kokuchayeka ezinambuzaneni ezine-imidacloprid.Abanikazi bezilwane ezifuywayo ngezinye izikhathi babhekana nokucasuka kwesikhumba ngemva kokusebenzisa imikhiqizo yokulawula izinambuzane equkethe imidacloprid.Izilwane zingaphalaza kakhulu noma ziconse amanzi ngemva kokungenisa i-imidacloprid.Uma izilwane zidla i-imidacloprid eyanele, zingase zibe nobunzima bokuhamba, zithuthumele, futhi zibonakale zikhathele ngokweqile.Ngezinye izikhathi izilwane ziba nokusabela kwesikhumba emikhiqizweni yezilwane ezifuywayo equkethe imidacloprid.

 

Kwenzekani lapho i-Imidacloprid ingena emzimbeni?

I-Imidacloprid ayimuncwa kalula esikhumbeni kodwa ingadlula odongeni lwesisu, ikakhulukazi amathumbu, uma idliwa.Uma ingaphakathi emzimbeni, imidacloprid ihamba kuwo wonke umzimba ngegazi.I-Imidacloprid iphulwa esibindini bese ikhishwa emzimbeni ngendle nomchamo.Amagundane adla i-imidacloprid akhipha u-90% womthamo phakathi namahora angama-24.

 

Ingabe i-Imidacloprid ingase ibangele umdlavuza?

I-US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) inqume ngokusekelwe ezifundweni zezilwane ukuthi abukho ubufakazi bokuthi imidacloprid i-carcinogenic.I-International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) ayizange ihlukanise i-imidacloprid njengenamandla okwenza umdlavuza.

 

Ingabe izifundo zenziwe ngemiphumela engeyona yomdlavuza yokuchayeka isikhathi eside ku-Imidacloprid?

Ososayensi bondle i-imidacloprid kumagundane akhulelwe nonogwaja.Lokhu kuchayeka kubangele imiphumela yokuzala, okuhlanganisa nokuncipha ukukhula kwamathambo engane.Imithamo eyadala izinkinga enzalweni yayinobuthi komama.Ayikho idatha etholakele emiphumeleni ye-imidacloprid ekuthuthukisweni komuntu noma ekukhiqizeni kabusha.

 

Ingabe izingane zizwela kakhulu ku-Imidacloprid kunabantu abadala?

Izingane zisengozini enkulu yokuchayeka ezibulala-zinambuzane futhi zingase zibe semgwaqweni kakhudlwana ngenxa yokuthi zichitha isikhathi esiningi zithintana nomhlabathi, imizimba yazo igaya amakhemikhali ngendlela ehlukile, futhi isikhumba sabo siba sincane.Kodwa-ke, alukho ulwazi oluqondile olubonisa ukuthi abantu abasha noma izilwane zisengozini yokuchayeka ku-imidacloprid.

 

Ingabe i-imidacloprid iphephile kumakati/izinja njengezilwane ezifuywayo?

I-Imidacloprid iyi-insecticide, futhi ngenxa yalokho, ingaba yingozi ekati noma inja yakho njengezilwane ezifuywayo.Ukusebenzisa imidacloprid njengoba kuqondiswe kulebula yomkhiqizo ngokuvamile kuthathwa njengokuphephile kumakati nezinja.Kodwa-ke, njenganoma iyiphi i-insecticide, uma idla inani elikhulu le-imidacloprid, ingaba yingozi.Kufanele kufunwe ukunakekelwa ngokushesha ukuze kuvinjelwe ukulimala kwezilwane ezifuywayo uma zisebenzisa inani elikhulu le-imidacloprid.

 

Ingabe i-Imidacloprid ithinta izinyoni, izinhlanzi, noma ezinye izilwane zasendle?

I-Imidacloprid ayinabo ubuthi obukhulu ezinyonini futhi inobuthi obuncane ezinhlanzini, nakuba lokhu kuhluka ngezinhlobo.I-Imidacloprid inobuthi kakhulu ezinyosini nakwezinye izinambuzane ezinenzuzo.Indima ye-imidacloprid ekuphazamiseni ukuwa kwe-bee colony ayicacile.Ososayensi basikisela ukuthi izinsalela ze-imidacloprid zingase zibe khona kumpe nempova yezimbali zezitshalo ezitshalwe enhlabathini ehlanziwe emazingeni aphansi kunalawo atholakala ukuthi athinta izinyosi ekuhlolweni kwaselabhorethri.

Ezinye izilwane ezizuzisayo nazo zingase zithinteke.Ama-lacewings aluhlaza awagwemi umpe ezitshalweni ezitshalwe emhlabathini ophethwe imidacloprid.Ama-lacewings adla izitshalo ezitshalwe emhlabathini ohlanziwe anamazinga aphansi okusinda kunama-lacewings adla izitshalo ezingalashwanga.Izimbungulu ezidla izintwala ezitshalweni ezitshalwe enhlabathini ehlanziwe zikhombisa ukuncipha kokusinda nokuzala.