Izici ezijwayelekile zalezi ezine
I-Paclobutrazol, i-uniconazole, i-Mepiquat chloride, ne-Chlormequat zonke ziyingxenye yesigaba sokulawula ukukhula kwezitshalo.Ngemuva kokusetshenziswa, bangalawula ukukhula kwezitshalo, bavimbele ukukhula kwezitshalo (ukukhula kwezingxenye ezingaphezulu komhlaba njengeziqu, amaqabunga, amagatsha, njll.), futhi zikhuthaze ukukhula kokuzala (izithelo, iziqu, njll. Ukwelulwa kwengxenye engaphansi komhlaba) , ukuvimbela isitshalo ukuthi sikhule ngamandla futhi simile, futhi sidlale indima yokwenza isitshalo sibe mncane, sifinyeze ama-internode, futhi sithuthukise ukumelana nokucindezeleka.
Kungenza izitshalo zibe nezimbali eziningi, izithelo eziningi, amathila amaningi, ama-pods amaningi, namagatsha amaningi, kwandise okuqukethwe kwe-chlorophyll, kuthuthukise ukusebenza kahle kwe-photosynthesis, futhi kube nomthelela omuhle kakhulu wokulawula ukukhula nokwandisa isivuno.Ngesikhathi esifanayo, zonke ezine zingamuncwa izimpande zezitshalo, iziqu namaqabunga, kodwa ukusebenzisa ukugxila okuphezulu kakhulu noma ngokweqile kuzoba nemiphumela emibi ekukhuleni kwezitshalo, ngakho-ke kufanele kukhokhwe ukunakwa okukhethekile.
Umehluko phakathi kwezine

1.Paclobutrazol
I-Paclobutrazol ngokungangabazeki iyisilawuli esivame ukusetshenziswa kakhulu, esisetshenziswa kabanzi, futhi esithengiswa kakhulu kunazo zonke emakethe ye-triazole.Iyi-inhibitor ehlanganiswe kusuka kuma-gibberellins angapheli.Inganciphisa izinga lokukhula kwezitshalo, ilawule inzuzo ephezulu yeziqu, ikhuthaze ukuhlukaniswa kwamathila nezimbali zezimbali, igcine izimbali nezithelo, ikhuthaze ukukhula kwezimpande, ithuthukise ukusebenza kahle kwe-photosynthetic, futhi ithuthukise ukumelana nokucindezeleka.Inemiphumela emihle kakhulu ocansini, njll.

Ngaso leso sikhathi, ngenxa yokuthi yaqala ukwenziwa njengesibulala-sikhunta sezitshalo, iphinde ibe nemiphumela ethile yokubulala amagciwane kanye ne-weeding, futhi inemiphumela emihle kakhulu yokulawula ku-powdery isikhutha, i-fusarium wilt, i-anthracnose, i-rapeseed sclerotinia, njll.

I-Paclobutrazol ingasetshenziswa kabanzi ezitshalweni eziningi zasensimini, izitshalo zemali kanye nezitshalo zezihlahla zezithelo, njengerayisi, ukolweni, ummbila, ukudlwengula, ubhontshisi wesoya, ukotini, amantongomane, amazambane, i-apula, i-citrus, i-cherry, imango, i-lychee, i-peach, i-pear, ugwayi. , njll.Phakathi kwazo, izitshalo zasensimini kanye nezitshalo zokuhweba zisetshenziselwa kakhulu ukufafaza esigabeni sezithombo nangaphambi nangemva kwesigaba sokuqhakaza.Izihlahla zezithelo zisetshenziswa kakhulu ukulawula ukuma komqhele futhi zivimbele ukukhula okusha.Ingafuthwa, ishaywe noma iniselwe.Kunomthelela omkhulu kakhulu ezitshalweni ze-rapeseed kanye nerayisi.
Izici: ububanzi bokufaka isicelo, umphumela omuhle wokulawula ukukhula, ukusebenza kahle isikhathi eside, umsebenzi omuhle webhayoloji, ukubangela kalula izinsalela zomhlabathi, okuzophazamisa ukukhula kwesitshalo esilandelayo, futhi akufanelekile ukusetshenziswa isikhathi eside ngokuqhubekayo.Ezindaweni lapho kusetshenziswa i-Paclobutrazol, kungcono ukulima inhlabathi ngaphambi kokutshala isitshalo esilandelayo.

2.uniconazole

I-Uniconazole kungathiwa inguqulo ethuthukisiwe ye-Paclobutrazol, futhi ukusetshenziswa kwayo nokusetshenziswa kucishe kufane ne-Paclobutrazol.
Kodwa-ke, ngenxa yokuthi i-uniconazole iyisibopho se-carbon double, umsebenzi wayo wezinto eziphilayo kanye nomphumela wokwelapha izikhathi ezingu-6-10 futhi izikhathi ezingu-4-10 ziphakeme kune-Paclobutrazol ngokulandelanayo.Izinsalela zayo zomhlabathi ziyi-1/5-1/3 kuphela ye-Paclobutrazol, futhi umphumela wayo wokwelapha uwukuthi Izinga lokubola liyashesha (i-Paclobutrazol ihlala enhlabathini isikhathi esingaphezu kwesigamu sonyaka), futhi umthelela wayo ezitshalweni ezilandelayo yi-1/5 kuphela. I-Paclobutrazol.
Ngakho-ke, uma kuqhathaniswa ne-Paclobutrazol, i-uniconazole inokulawula okunamandla nomthelela we-bactericidal ezitshalweni futhi iphephile ukuyisebenzisa.
Izici: ukusebenza kahle okuqinile, izinsalela eziphansi, kanye nesici sokuphepha esiphezulu.Ngesikhathi esifanayo, ngenxa yokuthi i-uniconazole inamandla kakhulu, ayifanele ukusetshenziswa esigabeni sezithombo semifino eminingi (i-Mepiquat chloride ingasetshenziswa), futhi ingathinta kalula ukukhula kwezithombo.

3.Mepiquat chloride

I-Mepiquat chloride iwuhlobo olusha lokulawula ukukhula kwezitshalo.Uma kuqhathaniswa ne-Paclobutrazol ne-uniconazole, imnene, ayicasuli futhi inokuphepha okuphezulu.
I-Mepiquat chloride ingasetshenziswa kuzo zonke izigaba zezitshalo, ngisho nasezigabeni zezithombo nezimbali lapho izitshalo zizwela kakhulu izidakamizwa.I-Mepiquat chloride ngokuyisisekelo ayinayo imiphumela emibi futhi ayijwayele ukuba ne-phytotoxicity.Kungashiwo ukuthi iyona ephephe kunazo zonke emakethe.Isilawuli Sokukhula Kwezitshalo.
Izici: I-Mepiquat chloride inesici sokuphepha esiphezulu kanye nempilo yeshelufu ebanzi.Kodwa-ke, nakuba inomphumela wokulawula ukukhula, ukusebenza kwayo kufushane futhi kubuthakathaka, futhi umphumela wayo wokulawula ukukhula umpofu kakhulu.Ikakhulukazi kulezo zitshalo ezikhula ngamandla, ngokuvamile kuyadingeka.Sebenzisa izikhathi eziningi ukuze uthole imiphumela oyifunayo.
4.Chlormequat

I-Chlormequat futhi iyisilawuli sokukhula kwezitshalo esivame ukusetshenziswa abalimi.Futhi iqukethe i-Paclobutrazol.Ingasetshenziselwa ukufafaza, ukucwiliswa kanye nokugqoka imbewu.Inemiphumela emihle ekulawuleni ukukhula, ukukhushulwa kwezimbali, ukukhuthazwa kwezithelo, ukuvimbela indawo yokuhlala, ukumelana nokubanda, Inemiphumela yokumelana nesomiso, ukumelana nosawoti-alkali kanye nokukhuthaza ukuvunwa kwezindlebe.
Izici: Ihlukile ku-Paclobutrazol, evame ukusetshenziswa esigabeni sezithombo kanye nesigaba sokukhula esisha, i-Chlormequat isetshenziswa kakhulu esigabeni sokuqhakaza nesigaba sezithelo, futhi ivame ukusetshenziswa ezitshalweni ezinezikhathi ezimfushane zokukhula.Nokho, ukusetshenziswa okungalungile ngokuvamile kubangela ukuncipha kwezitshalo.Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-Chlormequat ingasetshenziswa nomanyolo we-urea kanye ne-asidi, kodwa ayikwazi ukuhlanganiswa nomanyolo we-alkaline.Ifanele iziza ezinokuzala okwanele nokukhula okuhle.Akufanele isetshenziselwe iziza ezinokuzala okubi nokukhula okubuthakathaka.