Izinzuzo ze-Glufosinate-p zithandwa amabhizinisi amaningi ahamba phambili.Njengoba kwaziwa yibo bonke, i-glyphosate, i-paraquat, ne-glyphosate yi-troika yemithi yokubulala ukhula.

Ngo-1986, i-Hurst Company (kamuva eyaba yi-Bayer Company of Germany) yaphumelela ekuhlanganiseni ngokuqondile i-glyphosate ngokuhlanganiswa kwamakhemikhali.Kamuva, i-glyphosate yaba umkhiqizo omkhulu wokubulala ukhula we-Bayer Company.I-Glyphosate ayigcini nje ngokubulala ukhula ngokushesha, kodwa futhi nokhula akulula ukulushintsha lube luhlaza, futhi alulimazi izimpande ezingajulile zezinye izitshalo, ngakho-ke luthatha indawo ngokushesha emkhakheni wemithi yokubulala ukhula.I-Glyphosate iyi-racemate yohlobo lwe-L nohlobo lwe-D lwe-Glyphosate (okungukuthi ingxube yohlobo lwe-L nohlobo lwe-D olubalelwa ku-50% ngokulandelanayo).I-Glyphosate yohlobo lwe-L kuphela enomphumela wokubulala ukhula, kuyilapho uhlobo lwe-D-Glyphosate lucishe lungasebenzi futhi alunawo umthelela ezitshalweni.Izinsalela ze-D-glufosinate endaweni yezitshalo zinomthelela omubi kubantu, imfuyo kanye nemvelo.I-L-type glyphosate manje isibizwa nge-Glufosinate-p.

I-Glufosinate-p iguqula ukumiswa kwe-D okungavumelekile ku-glyphosate kube ukulungiselelwa kwe-L okusebenzayo.Umthamo wetiyori ngemu ngayinye ungancishiswa ngo-50%, okwehlisa kakhulu izindleko zomkhiqizi zomuthi wangempela, izindleko zokucubungula, izindleko zokuthutha, izindleko zomenzeli osizayo, kanye nezindleko zezidakamizwa zabalimi.Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-Glufosinate-p, esikhundleni se-glyphosate, ingaphinde yehlise ukufakwa kwento engaphumeleli engu-50% emvelweni, ehambisana nemvelo futhi ehambisana kakhulu nesiqondiso senqubomgomo kazwelonke yokunciphisa ukusetshenziswa kukamanyolo nokwandisa ukusebenza kahle.I-Glufosinate-p ayiphephile nje kuphela, ingcono ekuncibilikeni kwamanzi, izinzile esakhiweni, kodwa futhi umsebenzi wokubulala ukhula we-glyphosate ophindwe kane futhi ophindwe kane kune-glyphosate.

Ukubhalisa kanye nenqubo

Ngo-Okthoba nangoNovemba 2014, i-Meiji Fruit Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd. yaba inkampani yokuqala ukubhalisa umuthi wobuchwepheshe we-Glufosinate-p kanye nokulungiselela e-China.Ngo-April 17, 2015, i-Zhejiang Yongnong Biotechnology Co., Ltd. yagunyazwa ukuthi ibhalise umuthi wesibili we-Glufosinate-p e-China.Ngo-2020, i-Lear Chemical Co., Ltd. izoba yibhizinisi lesithathu ukubhalisa umuthi wezobuchwepheshe we-Glufosinate-p e-China, futhi ithole isitifiketi sokubhaliswa kwe-SL sika-10% Glufosinate-p ammonium salt, ezoqala ukusetshenziswa kwe-Glufosinate-p imakethe yasekhaya.

Njengamanje, abakhiqizi abakhulu basekhaya bahlanganisa i-Yongnong Bio, i-Lear, i-Qizhou Green, i-Shandong Yisheng, i-Shandong Lvba, njll., kanye no-Hebei Weiyuan kanye no-Jiamusi Heilong nabo benza izivivinyo zokuhlola.

Ngemva kweminyaka yocwaningo, ubuchwepheshe bokukhiqiza i-ammonium phosphate enhle sebuthuthukile kwaze kwaba sesizukulwaneni sesithathu.Ulayini osanda kwakhiwa we-L-ammonium phosphate owethulwe ekuqaleni kwesihloko wamukela ubuchwepheshe besizukulwane sesithathu.Njengamanje, inqubo evamile ye-Glufosinate-p ihlukaniswe ikakhulukazi phakathi kwamakhemikhali kanye nokuguqulwa kwesakhiwo se-bio optical, futhi ngayinye inezinzuzo zayo ngokuya ngezinguquko zemakethe.I-China ibihamba phambili emhlabeni ocwaningweni, ekuthuthukisweni, ekukhiqizeni nasekusetshenzisweni kwe-Glufosinate-p, ikakhulukazi inqubo yokukhiqiza i-Glufosinate-p ethembele kubuchwepheshe bebhayoloji yokwenziwa.Ngokuvuthwa kobuchwepheshe obuzimele be-R&D kanye nokukhiqizwa kwezinga elikhulu kwamabhizinisi afanelekile, i-Glufosinate-p izoba amandla amasha okuthuthukisa emakethe yesikhathi esizayo yemithi yokubulala ukhula.

Inhlanganisela evamile

(1) Inhlanganisela ye-Glufosinate-p ne-Dicamba inomphumela omuhle we-synergistic kanye ne-synergistic, engasetshenziswa ngempumelelo ekulawuleni izitshalo ezikwazi ukubekezela, ukhula oludala, njll., ithuthukise ngempumelelo uhla lokulawula i-Glufosinate-p ne-Dicamba, futhi andise isikhathi ngokuphawulekayo.

(2) I-Glufosinate-p exutshwe ne-glyphosate ingasetshenziswa ukulawula ukhula lotshani obungapheli, ukhula olunamaqabunga abanzi kanye nokhula lwenhlaka.Ngokuhlanganiswa kwezithako eziningi ezisebenzayo, ukulawula ukusebenza kahle kokhula oluhlala njalo kungathuthukiswa, umphumela osheshayo wemithi ungathuthukiswa, i-spectrum yokubulala ukhula inganwetshwa, futhi umthamo wemithi ungancishiswa.

(3) I-Glufosinate-p exutshwe nomuthi wokubulala ukhula owodwa noma ngaphezulu we-sulfonylurea ingasetshenziswa ukulawula ukhula lotshani, ukhula olunamaqabunga abanzi kanye nokhula.Inhlanganisela yezithako eziningi ezisebenzayo inganweba i-spectrum yokubulala ukhula, inciphise noma iqede ukulimala kwezinga lokushisa eliphezulu, futhi inciphise ukuzwela kwesimo sezulu esiguqubele kanye nemvula.

Amathemba enkambu ye-transgenic

Impi yezwe kanye nokwehla kwamandla emali emazweni amaningi kuye kwasheshisa inkinga yokudla emhlabeni wonke kanye nenkinga yamandla, okuzokwandisa indawo yokutshala izitshalo ezishintshwe izakhi ezifana nobhontshisi wesoya nommbila emhlabeni wonke;Nakuba kungekho okusanhlamvu okukhulu okuhilelekile ezitshalweni ze-transgenic e-China okwamanje, izinqubomgomo ezifanele ziye zethulwa ngokulandelana.Ukuthengiswa kwezitshalo ze-transgenic kulindeleke ukuthi kuthuthukiswe kancane kancane ngokuhambisana nezinga lokugunyaza lezinhlobo ze-transgenic ezikhishwe ngoJuni 2022.

Njengamanje, ukusetshenziswa kwe-glyphosate kugxile kakhulu ekudlwengulweni, ubhontshisi wesoya, izithelo nemifino kanye neminye imikhakha.Kusukela ngo-1995, izinkampani ezinkulu zamazwe ngamazwe, okuhlanganisa i-Agfo (izinhlobo zezitshalo ze-GM zokudlwengula kanye nommbila), i-Aventis (izinhlobo zezitshalo ze-GM zingummbila), i-Bayer (izinhlobo zezitshalo ze-GM ukotini, ubhontshisi wesoya nokudlwengula), i-DuPont Pioneer (isitshalo se-GM izinhlobo zokudlwengulwa) kanye ne-Syngenta (izinhlobo zezitshalo ze-GM isoya), zenze izitshalo ezimelana ne-glyphosate.Ngokwethulwa komhlaba wonke kwezakhi zofuzo zokumelana ne-glyphosate ezitshalweni ezingaphezu kuka-20 ezifana nerayisi, ukolweni, ummbila, isithombo sebhitrudi, ugwayi, ubhontshisi wesoya, ukotini, amazambane, utamatisi, ukudlwengula kanye nomoba, kanye nezitshalo ezibekezelela i-glyphosate ezithengiswayo cishe zihlanganisa izitshalo ezingenhla. , i-glyphosate isibe yisitshalo sesibili esikhulu kunazo zonke esibekezelela imithi ebulala ukhula emhlabeni.Futhi i-Glufosinate-p, ephephe kakhudlwana kune-glyphosate evamile futhi enomsebenzi ophezulu, izophinde ingenise isikhathi sayo esikhulayo sokungenisa umoya.Kuzoba umkhiqizo woguquko onomthamo omkhulu, futhi kungenzeka ube omunye umkhiqizo omangalisayo emakethe yokubulala ukhula ngemva kwe-glyphosate.

I-Glufosinate-p ingumkhiqizo wokuqala waseShayina osindayo wesibulala-zinambuzane onamalungelo azimele empahla yobuhlakani ngocwaningo oluzimele nentuthuko, emele impumelelo yaseShayina kwezobuchwepheshe embonini.I-Glufosinate-p ingase ibe negalelo elikhulu embonini yezibulala-zinambuzane ngokomnotho, ukusebenza kahle, ukuvikelwa kwemvelo, njll. Kukholakala ukuthi i-Glufosinate-p izoba omunye umkhiqizo wasolwandle oluhlaza wemithi yokubulala ukhula esingabheka phambili kuyo eminyakeni embalwa ezayo.