Washington - I-Trump Administration's Environmental Protection Agency icubungula ukugunyazwa "ngokuphuthumayo" kwesibulala-zinambuzane i-neonicotinoid esibulala izinyosi ukuze zisetshenziswe ezihlahleni zezithelo ezingaphezu kuka-57,000, okuhlanganisa nama-apula, eMaryland, eVirginia nasePennsylvania., Amapentshisi namanectarine.
Uma kuvunyiwe, lona kuzoba unyaka we-10 olandelanayo lapho i-Maryland, i-Virginia, ne-Pennsylvania inikeze ukukhululwa okuphuthumayo kwe-dinotefuran ukuze kuqondiswe izimbungulu ezixhunywe ensundu ezinyosini nasezihlahleni zezithelo zamatshe, ezikhanga kakhulu izinyosi.Izifundazwe zifuna ukugunyazwa okubuye kwaziwe mayelana nokufuthwa okungenzeka phakathi kukaMeyi 15 no-Okthoba 15.
Eminyakeni eyisishiyagalolunye edlule, iDelaware, New Jersey, North Carolina kanye neWest Virginia bathole izimvume ezifanayo, kodwa akwaziwa noma sebeyifunile yini imvume ka-2020.
"Izimo eziphuthumayo zangempela lapha ukuthi i-EPA ivamise ukusebenzisa izinqubo zasendlini ukuze ivumele izibulala-zinambuzane ezinobuthi kakhulu ezinyosini," kusho uNathan Downley, usosayensi omkhulu eSikhungo Sezinto Eziphilayo.“Ngonyaka odlule kuphela, i-EPA yasebenzisa le nqubo yokukhululwa ukuze igweme ukubuyekezwa okuvamile kokuphepha futhi yagunyaza ukusetshenziswa kwama-neonicotinoid amaningana abulala izinyosi cishe kumahektare angu-400,000 wezitshalo.Ukukhululwa kokuhlukumeza ohlelweni.Uhlelo kumele lume.”
Ngaphezu kwezimvume eziphuthumayo ze-dinotefuran zezihlahla ze-apula, ipentshisi, ne-nectarine, iMaryland, iVirginia, nePennsylvania nazo ziye zathola izimvume eziphuthumayo kule minyaka eyisishiyagalolunye edlule ukuze kusetshenziswe i-bifenthrin (i-pyrethroid enobuthi) esihlahleni esifanayo.I-Ester insecticide) ilwa nezinambuzane ezifanayo.
"Eminyakeni eyishumi kamuva, kuphephile ukusho ukuthi inkathazo efanayo esihlahleni esisodwa ayisesona isimo esiphuthumayo," kusho uTangli."Nakuba i-EPA ithi ifuna ukuvikela abathumbi bempova, iqiniso liwukuthi le nhlangano isheshisa imisebenzi yayo yokuthutha impova."
I-EPA ngokuvamile ivumela ukukhululwa okuphuthumayo kwezifo ezingalapheki ezingalindelekile ezenzeka eminyakeni eminingi.IHhovisi Lomhloli Jikelele we-EPA likhiphe umbiko ngo-2019 owathola ukuthi ukugunyazwa okujwayelekile kwale nhlangano kokugunyazwa “kwezimo eziphuthumayo” kwezigidi zamahektha wezibulala-zinambuzane akuzange kulinganise ngempumelelo ubungozi empilweni yomuntu noma emvelweni.
Lesi sikhungo sifake isicelo esisemthethweni sokuthi i-EPA ilinganisele ukukhululwa ezimeni eziphuthumayo kube yiminyaka emibili ukuze ivimbele ukuhlukumeza okuthile okubi kakhulu kwenqubo.
Njengoba i-US Environmental Protection Agency igunyaza kabusha ama-neonicotinoid amaningi ukuze asetshenziswe okungezona eziphuthumayo kwezinye zezitshalo ezitshalwa kakhulu ezweni, igunyaze ngokuphuthumayo i-neonicotinoid difurans.Isinqumo esihlongozwayo se-EPA Office of Pesticides sihluke kakhulu ezinqumweni ezisekelwe kwisayensi zaseYurophu naseCanada zokuvala noma ukukhawulela kakhulu ukusetshenziswa kwe-nicotine ngaphandle.
Umbhali wesibuyekezo esikhulu sesayensi ngokufa okuyinhlekelele kwezinambuzane uthe “ukunciphisa kakhulu ukusetshenziswa kwezibulala-zinambuzane” kuyisihluthulelo sokuvimbela izinambuzane ezingaba ngu-41% ukuba zingashabalali emashumini ambalwa eminyaka azayo.
I-Centre for Biodiversity iyinhlangano kazwelonke engenzi nzuzo yokongiwa kwemvelo enamalungu angaphezu kwezigidi ezingu-1.7 nezishoshovu ze-inthanethi ezizinikele ekuvikeleni izilwane ezisengozini yokushabalala kanye nemvelo yasendle.