Amaphela angesinye sezinambuzane ezivame kakhulu emhlabeni.Bangena ezindlini, emafulethini, emashede nasezimotweni imbala.Ngeshwa, amaphela ayizidalwa ezikwazi ukumelana nezimo futhi ngeke aqedwe ngaphandle kokungenelela.Qhubeka ufunda ukuze uthole ulwazi olwengeziwe mayelana nalezi zinketho futhi uqonde ukuthi kungani okulandelayo kugqama phakathi kwemikhiqizo engcono kakhulu ye-cockroachicide etholakalayo futhi kube izintandokazi zethu.
Ababulali bamaphela bafika ngezindlela eziningi ezahlukene, ethandwa kakhulu futhi ephumelelayo okuyizicupho, amajeli, izifutho nezifutho.
Izicupho zingomunye wemikhiqizo evame kakhulu yokubulala amaphela.Lokhu okubizwa ngokuthi “i-cockroach motel” iyona ndlela kuphela yokwelapha izifo.Ezinye izicupho zibeka isiyengo endaweni evalekile, equkethe ubuthi, njenge-Agrobacterium hydroxymethyl, engaheha futhi ibulale amaphela ngempumelelo.Eminye imiklamo isebenzisa amasango endlela eyodwa ukuze acuphe amaphela ngaphakathi ngaphandle kokusebenzisa ushevu.Lo mklamo awusebenzi njengesicupho sobuthi, kodwa uhlinzeka ngenzuzo yokuphepha ezinganeni nasezifuyweni.
Ijeli iyinto ekhangayo kumaphela.Ine-insecticide enamandla ebizwa ngokuthi i-fipronil.Iphunga elikhangayo nokunambitha kudala ubuthi bamaphela.Ngemva kokudla, zibuyela esidlekeni ukuze zife, bese zigwinywa amanye amaphela.Lapho ubuthi bubhebhetheka esidlekeni, lokhu kuvala isiphetho sephela.Ijeli ingasetshenziswa kalula phansi, odongeni, ngemuva kwemishini noma ngaphakathi kwekhabhinethi.Ungakwazi ukuhlanganisa ijeli nesicupho ukuze uthole imiphumela engcono.Kodwa-ke, imindeni enezingane nezilwane ezifuywayo kufanele ithathe izinyathelo zokugwema ukubeka ijeli ezindaweni okufinyeleleka kalula kuzo.
Isifutho singavala kalula indawo enkulu bese sifafaza ezikhaleni lapho izicupho nejeli zingakwazi ukufinyelela khona.Izifutho ngokuvamile zisebenzisa amakhemikhali e-pyrethroid ukuvala isimiso sezinzwa zamaphela.Lezi zinto zibulala izinambuzane eziningi ezihlangana nazo esikhathini esingaphansi kosuku.Nakuba, amanye amaphela angaphila amasonto amabili ngemva kokwelashwa.
Olunye uhlobo oludumile lombulali wamaphela i-sprayer, eyaziwa nangokuthi "ibhomu lezinambuzane."Ithini lesifutho yikani lesibulala-zinambuzane osifaka ekamelweni bese usivula ukuze sisebenze.Imbiza izokhipha igesi elinobuthi elizinzile, elizongena ezikhaleni ezingabonakali kanye nemifantu ekhaya lakho, ngaphandle kwalokho ngeke likwazi ukungena.Izinambuzane zenkungu zivame ukusebenzisa ama-pyrethroids ukuhlasela isimiso sezinzwa samaphela ngendlela efanayo nezifutho.Ngaphambi kokusebenzisa isifutho, udinga ukumboza konke ukudla, izitsha zokupheka kanye nezindawo zokupheka, bese uthulula okungenani amahora amane ngemuva kokusetshenziswa.
Isikhathi esisebenzayo sibhekisela esikhathini lapho umbulali wamaphela ezoqhubeka esebenza futhi edinga ukushintshwa.Ukusebenza kombulali wamaphela kuncike ezintweni ezimbili: ukuthi izithako ezisebenzayo ziphuka ngokushesha kangakanani kanye nenani lomkhiqizo owusebenzisayo.Ababulali abaningi bamaphela banesikhathi esincane sokufaneleka esingaba yinyanga eyodwa kanye nesikhathi sokusebenza esiphezulu seminyaka emibili.Ukuhlasela okukhulu kuzodinga izicupho ezengeziwe, ngoba uma inani elikhulu lamaphela ligwinya ubuthi, ubuthi buzophela ngokushesha.Ngaso sonke isikhathi hlola bese ubuyisela umbulali wamaphela ngokulandela imiyalelo esephaketheni.
Uhlobo lwezinambuzane umbulali wamaphela azoziqeda luncike ezingxenyeni ezisebenzayo zomkhiqizo, uhlobo lomkhiqizo osetshenzisiwe, kanye nesiheho esisetshenziselwa ukuheha izinambuzane.Ezinye izicupho ezinkulu zizosebenzisa amashidi anamathelayo, angathwebula yonke into kusukela ezinambuzaneni ezincane njengezintuthwane kuya kumagundane noma amagundane, nakho konke okuphakathi.Ngenxa yokuthi amaphela mahle kakhulu ekusindeni, ababulali bamaphela abaningi basebenzisa amazinga aphezulu ezibulala-zinambuzane ezingabulala ezinye izinambuzane ezihlukahlukene, njengezinyosi, izintuthwane, iminyovu, amagundane, izicabucabu, amagundane kanye ne-whitebait.Ngakho-ke, kubalulekile ukugcina izilwane ezifuywayo kanye nezingane zakho kude nezicupho zamaphela kanye nezindawo lapho kusetshenziswa khona ababulali bamaphela, ukuze ugweme ukuya esibhedlela noma emtholampilo wezilwane.
Kunezinhlobo ezimbili eziyinhloko ze-cockroach bait, ezingafaka i-fipronil, i-hydroxymethyl amine, i-indoxacarb noma i-boric acid.Eyokuqala isebenzisa ingxube kashukela (ukuheha amaphela) kanye nobuthi (ukubulala izinambuzane ngokushesha).Le ndlela ivamile kuma-motel amaphela nakwezinye izicupho eziklanyelwe ukubulala amaphela.
Uhlobo lwesibili lwesilo lisebenzisa ingxube efanayo kashukela ukuheha amaphela, kodwa inqubo yokufa ihamba kancane.Lolu hlobo lwesiyelo lunomphumela onobuthi wokubambezeleka kwe-metastasis futhi lungabulala amaphela ezinsukwini ezimbalwa.Ngalesi sikhathi, amaphela ayeshiya indle enoshevu eduze kwezidleke ezidliwa amanye amaphela.Ngemva kokufa kwephela, amanye amaphela nawo adla isidumbu futhi asakaza ushevu kuso sonke isidleke.Lolu hlobo lwe-bait lusebenza kahle kakhulu ekubhekaneni nokutheleleka okuqhubekayo.
Lapho ubhekana nokuhlasela kwamaphela, kufanele uqale ucabangele ukuphepha kwakho kanye nokuphepha komndeni wakho nezilwane ezifuywayo.Izicupho zamaphela namajeli akhanga ezilwaneni ezifuywayo nasezinganeni ngenxa yemibala yazo egqamile, iphunga elimnandi nokunambitheka okumnandi.Isifutho singamuncwa esikhumbeni, futhi ngemva kokusetshenziswa, intuthu izokwakha indawo enobuthi emahoreni ambalwa.
Ezinye izindlela zokubulala amaphela ezilungele izingane kanye nezilwane ezifuywayo zingasetshenziswa, kodwa ngokuvamile azisebenzi njengemikhiqizo evamile yokubulala amaphela.Lezi zinketho eziphephile zisebenzisa izindlela zokucupha, ukubulala noma ukuxosha amaphela, njengokusebenzisa iminyango yendlela eyodwa, i-adhesive tape, kanye nezinto ezixosha izinambuzane ezibekwe ekhaya ukuxosha izinambuzane.
Ukuyenga kwamaphela kuze kube yizinyanga ezingu-12 kuliwa kuhlanganisa neziteshi zokudoba ezingu-18, ezingase zibekwe ngaphansi kukasinki, indlu yangasese, ngemva kwento esetshenziswayo, nanoma iyiphi enye indawo lapho amaphela ezulazula khona.Uma sezimisiwe, zizohlala zisebenza kuze kube yizinyanga eziyi-12 futhi zidinga ukushintshwa.I-bait iqukethe i-fipronil, egwinywa futhi kancane kancane iqala ukubulala amaphela.Njengombulali wesidleke, i-fipronil idluliselwa ngokuziphatha kwamaphela futhi ekugcineni ibhubhise sonke isidleke.Igobolondo lepulasitiki eliqinile linomphumela omncane wokuvimbela izingane kanye nezilwane ezifuywayo, kodwa isiteshi sokudoba kufanele sigcinwe endaweni engafinyeleleki.
Isifutho se-Bangladesh samakhemikhali se-golden cockroach singahlala izinyanga eziyisithupha ngemuva kokufakwa.Vele ufafaze ifomula engenaphunga nengangcolisi emifantwini nasemifantwini lapho iphela licashe khona, bese ubuyisela ubuthi esidlekeni ngephela.Izilawuli zokukhula kwezinambuzane (IGR) zinqamula umjikelezo wempilo yamaphela ngokubulala amagciwane abantu abadala kanye nokuvimbela amaphela angavuthiwe ukuthi afinyelele eminyakeni yokuzala.Lesi sifutho siyasebenza futhi ekulweni izintuthwane, omiyane, amazeze, imikhaza nezicabucabu.
I-Cockroach Motel ingumkhiqizo wokuxosha amaphela iminyaka eminingi.Ngogibe lwezinambuzane ze-Black Flag, ungathola isizathu kalula.Ugibe aluqukethe izibulala-zinambuzane, ngakho-ke lungasetshenziswa ngokuphepha kunoma yiliphi igumbi lendlu futhi eduze kwezingane noma izilwane ezifuywayo.I-bait enamandla ihlanganiswe ne-adhesive enamandla esicupheni, ukuncela amaphela kuwo, okubangela ukuba babhajwe futhi bafe.Ngemuva kokuthi uhlangothi olulodwa lugcwaliswe ngamanzi, luphendule futhi ugcwalise olunye uhlangothi, bese ulahla.Njengezicupho eziningi, lo mkhiqizo usebenza ngempumelelo ngokumelene nezifo ezincane, kodwa izifo ezinkulu zingadinga ezinye izindlela ezinamandla.
i-advion Ijeli yokulawula izinambuzane i-Roach ingasetshenziswa ezintweni zikagesi, ngaphansi kosinki, emakhabetheni noma ngisho nangaphandle, kodwa sicela uqiniseke ukuthi awuyibeki endaweni lapho izilwane ezifuywayo kanye nezingane zingakwazi ukufinyelela kuzo.Amaphela adla i-indoxacarb kujeli, evimbela ukungena kwe-sodium ion kumaseli awo ezinzwa, okubangela ukukhubazeka nokufa.I-plunger efakiwe kanye nethiphu yenza ukusebenza kusheshe futhi kube lula, futhi ifomula igunyaziwe ukuthi isetshenziswe emikhunjini, ezindizeni noma kunoma yiziphi ezinye izimoto ezihlaselwe amaphela.Lesi sidleke esibulala izidleke singahlala iminyaka emibili futhi sisebenza ngempumelelo ekulweni namaphela, izintuthwane, amazeze nemikhaza.
Umshini wenkungu wokuhlasela ophakathi nendawo uyisixazululo esinamandla enkingeni yamaphela.Uma usebenzisa lo mkhiqizo, udinga ukuthatha izinyathelo zokuphepha ukuze wenze okungenani amahora amane endaweni engenalutho yenkungu.Inkungu isakazeka kulo lonke igumbi futhi ingena emifantwini enzima kakhulu ukufinyelela imifantu.I-Cypermethrin enkungu i-neurotoxin esebenza ngokushesha engabulala ngokushesha amaphela kuze kube yizinyanga ezimbili ngaphambi kokuba iphinde ifakwe futhi.Nakuba izingozi zezempilo ezibangelwa yilo mkhiqizo zingase zibandakanyeke, imihlahlandlela yokuklama kufanele iqinisekise ukuphepha kwakho ngangokunokwenzeka.Lesi sifutho sisebenza kahle kakhulu futhi kufanelekile ukumboza zonke izindawo bese sikhipha isikhala amahora ambalwa.
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