Iziphumo zezinye iimvavanyo zegreenhouse kobu busika nasentwasa hlobo kunye neziphumo zezifundo zentsimi kweli xesha lokukhula zibonise ukuba i-palmer Palm yemifuno idicamba (DR) iyaxhathisa.Aba bemi base-DR baye basekwa eCrockett, eGibson, eMadison, eShelby naseWarren counties kwaye mhlawumbi nezinye iindawo ezininzi.
Inqanaba lokumelana ne-dicamba liphantsi, malunga namaxesha angama-2.5.Kuyo nayiphi na intsimi enikiweyo, iqondo lohlaselo liqala ngepokotho encinci, apho isityalo somzali wesifazane sihlwayelwa ngo-2019, kwaye indawo igubungela iihektare ezininzi.Oku kunokuthelekiswa neyokuqala erekhodiweyo ye-glyphosate-resistant Palmer mar imifuno efunyenwe eTennessee ngo-2006. Ngelo xesha, abalimi abaninzi babesenolawulo olulungileyo kwimifuno ye-glyphosate Palmer mar, ngelixa ezinye iindawo zokulima Umntu waphawula ukubaleka kwintsimi yakhe.
Xa izityalo ze-Xtend ziqala ukubonakala kwindawo, kwakungeyonto ingaqhelekanga ukuba imifuno ye-Palmer mar ibaleke i-dicamba, eyayibhadula kuyo yonke indawo.Oku kusinda kuya kukhula kancinci okanye kungabikho ukukhula kwiiveki ezi-2 ukuya kwezi-3.Emva koko, uninzi lwezityalo luya kugqunywa zizityalo kwaye aluyi kuphinda lubonwe.Nangona kunjalo, namhlanje kwiindawo ezithile, izitya ze-DR Palmer mar ziya kuqalisa ukukhula kwakhona ngamanani angazange abonwe ngaphambili malunga neentsuku ezili-10.
Ezinye zeempawu ezikhethekileyo zolu phononongo kukuhlolwa kokhula lwe-DR kwiindawo zokugcina izityalo kwiYunivesithi yaseTennessee kunye neYunivesithi yaseArkansas.Olu phononongo lubonisa ukuba ukunyamezela kwePalmer imifuno eyasinda kwi-dicamba kumasimi amaninzi e-Tennessee ngo-2019 yile yePalmer imifuno ekhuliswe kwimbewu eqokelelwe e-Arkansas naseTennessee kwiminyaka elishumi eyadlulayo.Amaxesha angaphezu kwama-2.Uvavanyo olulandelayo lwegreenhouse olwenziwa kwiYunivesithi yaseTexas Tech lubonise ukuba abantu abaqokelelwe besuka eShelby County, eTennessee babenokunyamezela amaxesha angama-2.4 ngaphezulu kwidicamba kuneParma a eLubbock, eTexas (Figure 1).
Ulingo oluphindaphindiweyo lwasendle lwenziwa kwabanye abantu abarhanelwa ukuba basePalmer eTennessee.Iziphumo zolu vavanyo lwentsimi zibonisa izikrini kwi-greenhouse, ebonisa ukuba ireyibhile ye-1x dicamba yesicelo (0.5 lb / A) inokubonelela nge-40-60% yolawulo lwemifuno ye-Palmer mar.Kule zilingo, ukusetyenziswa okulandelayo kwe-dicamba kuphela kuphuculwe kancinci ulawulo (Amanani 2, 3).
Ekugqibeleni, abalimi abaninzi baxela ukuba kufuneka batshize imifuno efanayo ye-Palmer mar 3 ukuya kumaxesha ama-4 ukufumana ulawulo.Ngelishwa, ezi ngxelo zibonisa ukuba i-greenhouse kunye nezifundo zentsimi zibonisa oko abanye abacebisi, abathengisi kunye namafama aseTennessee babona emasimini.
Ngoko, ngaba lixesha lokuphakuzela?Hayi.Nangona kunjalo, lixesha lokuphinda kuhlolwe ulawulo lokhula.Ngoku, ulawulo lwe-herbicide lubaluleke kakhulu kunangaphambili.Yingakho sigxininisa ukusetyenziswa kwe-hooded herbicides kwi-cotton, njenge-paraquat, i-glufosinate, i-Valor, i-diuron, i-metazox kunye ne-MSMA.
Xa sijonge phambili ku-2021, kuyafuneka ngoku ukuba usebenzise ngokufanelekileyo intsalela yokutshiza ye-PRE kwiPalmer.Ukongeza, inkululeko kufuneka isetyenziswe ngokukhawuleza emva kokusetyenziswa kwe-dicamba ukuphelisa ukubaleka.Ekugqibeleni, izifundo zokuqala zibonise ukuba i-DR Palmer mar nayo iya kuxhathisa ngakumbi kwi-2,4-D.
Ke ngoko, oku kwenza iLiberty ibe yeyona nto ibalulekileyo yokutshabalalisa ukhula kwinkqubo yokulawula ukhula kwizityalo ze-Xtend kunye ne-Enlist.
UGqr Larry Steckel yingcali yokhula olongezelelweyo kwiYunivesithi yaseTennessee.Jonga onke amabali ombhali apha.