Kwimarike ye-herbicide yamasimi erayisi e-China, i-quinclorac, i-bispyribac-sodium, i-cyhalofop-butyl, i-penoxsulam, i-metamifop, njl.Nangona kunjalo, ngenxa yokusetyenziswa kwexesha elide kunye nokusetyenziswa kakhulu kwezi mveliso, ingxaki yokunganyangeki kumachiza iye yanda kakhulu, kwaye ilahleko yezinga lokulawula emva kokuba iimveliso eziphambili ziye zanda.Imarike ifuna ezinye iindlela ezintsha.

Kulo nyaka, phantsi kwempembelelo yezinto ezimbi ezifana nobushushu obuphezulu kunye nembalela, ukutywinwa okungahambi kakuhle, ukuchasana okunzulu, i-morphology yengca enzima, kunye nengca endala kakhulu, i-triadimefon yabonakala, yamelana novavanyo olunzima lwemarike, kwaye yazuza ukwanda okukhulu kwimarike. ukwabelana.

Kwimakethi yehlabathi yokubulala izitshabalalisi ngo-2020, imichiza yerayisi iya kuphendula malunga ne-10%, nto leyo eyenza ibe yindawo yesihlanu enkulu yokuthengisa izitshabalalisi emva kweziqhamo kunye nemifuno, iimbotyi zesoya, iisiriyeli kunye nombona.Phakathi kwazo, umthamo wokuthengiswa kwemichiza yokutshabalalisa ukhula kumasimi erayisi wawuyi-2.479 yeebhiliyoni zeedola zase-US, ubekwe kwindawo yokuqala phakathi kweendidi ezintathu eziphambili zezibulali-zinambuzane kwirayisi.

Ngokwengqikelelo kaPhillips McDougall, ukuthengiswa komhlaba wonke kwezibulali zinambuzane zerayisi kuya kufikelela kwi-6.799 yeebhiliyoni zeedola zaseMelika ngo-2024, kunye nezinga lokukhula lonyaka elihlanganisiweyo le-2.2% ukusuka ku-2019 ukuya ku-2024. Iibhiliyoni zeedola zaseMelika, kunye nezinga lokukhula ngonyaka elihlanganisiweyo le-1.9% ukusuka ngo-2019 ukuya ku-2024.

Ngenxa yokusetyenziswa kwexesha elide, okukhulu kunye nokukodwa kwemichiza yokutshabalalisa ukhula, ingxaki yokunganyangeki kwemichiza ibe ngumngeni omkhulu elijongene nawo ihlabathi.Ukhula ngoku luphuhlise ukuxhathisa okunzulu kwiintlobo ezine zeemveliso (i-EPSPS inhibitors, i-ALS inhibitors, i-ACCase inhibitors, i-PS Ⅱ inhibitors), ngakumbi i-ALS inhibitor herbicides (iQela B).Nangona kunjalo, ukuchasana kwe-HPPD inhibitor herbicides (iqela le-F2) liphuhliswe kancinci, kwaye ingozi yokuchasana yayiphantsi, ngoko kwakufanelekile ukugxila ekuphuhliseni nasekukhuthazeni.

Kwiminyaka engama-30 edluleyo, inani labantu abaxhathisa ukhula kumasimi erayisi ehlabathini lonke liye landa ngendlela ephawulekayo.Okwangoku, phantse ama-80 ezityalo zokhula erayisi ziye zaphuhliswa ukunganyangeki ngamachiza.

"Ukuchasana neziyobisi" yinkemba ephindwe kabini, engagcini nje ukuphazamisa ulawulo olusebenzayo lwezinambuzane zehlabathi, kodwa ikhuthaza ukuphuculwa kweemveliso ze-pesticide.Ii-arhente zothintelo kunye nolawulo ezisebenza ngamandla ezenzelwe ingxaki ebalaseleyo yokunganyangeki ngamachiza ziya kufumana imbuyekezo enkulu yorhwebo.

Kwihlabathi jikelele, imichiza yokutshabalalisa ukhula esanda kuphuhliswa kumasimi erayisi ibandakanya i-tetflupyrrolimet, i-dichloroisoxadiazon, i-cyclopyrinil, i-lancotrione sodium (HPPD inhibitor), i-Halauxifen, i-Triadimefon (i-HPPD inhibitor), i-metcamifen (i-agent yokhuseleko), i-dimesulfabinal, i-HPPDicyclopynetor, i-HPPD njl Ibandakanya amayeza amaninzi e-HPPD inhibitor, ebonisa ukuba uphando kunye nophuhliso lweemveliso ezinjalo lusebenza kakhulu.I-Tetflupyrolimet ihlelwa njengendlela entsha yokusebenza yi-HRAC (iQela28).

I-Triadimefon yikhompawundi yesine ye-HPPD inhibitor eyasungulwa yi-Qingyuan Nongguan, eqhekeza umda wokuba olu hlobo lwe-herbicide lunokusetyenziswa kuphela kunyango lomhlaba kumasimi erayisi.Yeyokuqala iHPPD inhibitor herbicide esetyenziswa ngokukhuselekileyo kwi post seedling stem kunye nonyango lwamagqabi kumasimi erayisi ukulawula ukhula lwegramineous ehlabathini.

I-Triadimefon yayinomsebenzi ophezulu ngokuchasene nengca ye-barnyard kunye nengca ye-rice barnyard;Ingakumbi, inefuthe elibalaseleyo lolawulo kwingca yebarnyard exhathisayo kunye ne millet exhathisayo;Ikhuselekile kwirayisi kwaye ifanelekile ukutshintshwa kunye nokuhlwayela ngokuthe ngqo amasimi erayisi.

Kwakungekho ukuchasana phakathi kwe-triadimefon kunye ne-herbicides esetyenziswa ngokuqhelekileyo kumasimi erayisi, njenge-cyhalofop-butyl, i-penoxsulam kunye ne-quinclorac;Iyakwazi ukulawula ngokufanelekileyo ukhula lwe-barnyardgrass oluxhathisayo kwi-ALS inhibitors kunye ne-ACCase inhibitors kumasimi erayisi, kunye nembewu ye-euphorbia ekwaziyo ukumelana ne-ACCase inhibitors.