Izicwangciso zokujikelezisa zinganceda abalimi ukunqanda amayeza okubulala izinambuzane kunye neeakharisayidi ekuphulukaneni nokusebenza kwawo.
Amayeza okubulala izinambuzane kunye ne-acaricides asasetyenziselwa ukudambisa ingxaki yezinambuzane kunye nezinambuzane zezinambuzane kwiinkqubo zokuvelisa i-greenhouse.Nangona kunjalo, ukuxhomekeka okuqhubekayo kwimichiza yokubulala izinambuzane kunye/okanye ii-acaricides kunokukhokelela ekuxhathiseni kwizinambuzane kunye/okanye nezinambuzane zezinambuzane.Ke ngoko, abavelisi be-greenhouse kufuneka baqonde indlela yokusebenza yezinambuzane ezichongiweyo kunye ne-acaricides ukuze baphuhlise isicwangciso sokujikeleza esijolise ekunciphiseni / ukulibazisa ukuxhathisa kwizitshabalalisi.Indlela yokusebenza yindlela amayeza okubulala izinambuzane okanye i-acaricides ekuchaphazela ngayo umetabolism kunye/okanye iinkqubo zephysiological yezinambuzane okanye amangolwane.Indlela yokusebenza yazo zonke izibulali-zinambuzane kunye ne-acaricides inokufunyanwa kuxwebhu lweKomiti ye-Insecticide Resistance Action Committee (IRAC) enesihloko esithi “I-IRAC Action Mode Classification Scheme” kwi-irac-online.org.
Eli nqaku lixoxa ngemodeli ye-IRAC yamaQela e-Action 9 kunye nama-29, adla ngokubizwa ngokuba "zii-blocking feeding blockers."I-pesticides ezintathu ezikhethiweyo zokutya ezinokuthi zisetyenziswe kwiinkqubo zokuvelisa i-greenhouse zezi: i-pymetrozine (umzamo: i-Syngenta Crop Protection; i-Greensboro, i-NC), i-flunipropamide (i-aria: i-FMC Corp.) , i-Philadelphia, i-Pennsylvania), kunye ne-pyrifluquinazon (i-Rycar: i-SePRO Corp. .; iKarmele, eIndiana).Nangona zonke ii-insecticides ezintathu zifakwe okokuqala kwiqela le-9 (i-9A-pymetrozine kunye ne-pyrifluquinazon; kunye ne-9C-flonicamid), i-flunipropamide ihanjiswe kwi-29th ngenxa yokubophelela okuhlukeneyo kwiindawo ezithile ze-receptor.iqela.Ngokuqhelekileyo, amaqela omabini asebenza kwi-chondroitin (i-receptors yokwelula) kunye nezitho ezithintekayo kwizinambuzane, ezijongene nokuva, ukulungelelaniswa kwemoto, kunye nombono womxhuzulane.
I-Pyrmeazine kunye ne-pyrflurazine (iqela le-IRAC le-9) libhekwa njengeemodyuli zesiteshi se-TRPV kwizitho ze-cartilage.Ezi zithako ezisebenzayo ziphazamisa ukulawulwa kwesango le-Nan-lav TRPV (i-Transient Receptor Potential Vanilla) ngokubophelela kwi-channel complexes kwizitho ze-receptor ezolula i-tendon, eziyimfuneko ekuboneni nasekuhambeni.Ukongeza, ukutya kunye nezinye iindlela zokuziphatha zezinambuzane ezijoliswe kuzo zinokuphazamiseka.I-Flunicarmide (iqela le-IRAC le-29) lithathwa njengomlawuli we-chondroitin kunye neendawo ezijoliswe kuzo ezingaziwayo.Isithako esisebenzayo sivimbela umsebenzi we-perichondrium relaxation receptor organ egcina ukuvakalelwa (umzekelo, ukulinganisela).I-Flonicamid (iqela le-29) ihluke kwi-pymetrozine kunye ne-pyrifluquinazon (iqela le-9) kuloo fluonicamid ayibopheleli kwi-Nan-lav TRPV channel complex.
Ngokuqhelekileyo, i-blocker feeding blockers (okanye i-inhibitors) liqela lezinambuzane ezinoluhlu olubanzi lwemiphumo okanye iindlela zokwenza izinto eziphathekayo, ezinokuthintela inambuzane ekutya ngokuphazamisa i-neuromodulation ye-oral plant fluid intake.Ezi zinambuzane ziyakwazi ukuguqula indlela yokuziphatha ngokuthintela okanye ukuphazamisa ukudlula kweprobes kwi-vascular fluid ( phloem sieve ) yesityalo, ethintela izinambuzane ekufumaneni izondlo.Oku kukhokelela kwindlala.
Izithinteli zokutyisa ezikhethiweyo ziyasebenza ngokuchasene nezilwanyana ezithile zephloem eziyingxaki kwiinkqubo zemveliso ye-greenhouse.Ezi ziquka iintwala kunye neempukane ezimhlophe.Izithinteli zokutya ezikhethiweyo ziyasebenza kwisigaba solutsha kunye nabantu abadala, kwaye banqanda ngokukhawuleza ukutya.Ngokomzekelo, nangona iintwala zinokuphila iintsuku ezimbini ukuya kwezine, ziyayeka ukutya kwiiyure nje ezimbalwa.Ukongeza, ukutya okukhethiweyo kwee-blockers kunokuthintela ukusasazeka kweentsholongwane ezithwalwa ziintwala.Ezi zinambuzane azisebenzi ngokuchasene neempukane (iDiptera), ooqongqothwane (Coleoptera) okanye imibungu (Lepidoptera).Izithinteli zokutya ezikhethiweyo zinomsebenzi wenkqubo kunye nomsebenzi we-cross-layer (ukungena kwezicubu zeqabunga kunye nokwenza i-reservoir yezithako ezisebenzayo kwigqabi), kwaye zinokubonelela ngomsebenzi oseleyo ukuya kwiiveki ezintathu.Amayeza e-blocker feeder insecticide anetyhefu engathanga ngqo kwaye engathanga ngqo kwiinyosi kunye neentshaba zendalo.
Indlela yokwenza i-block blockers yokutya ekhethiweyo ayilula ukubangela ukuxhathisa kwezinambuzane ngexesha elifutshane.Nangona kunjalo, ukusetyenziswa kwexesha elide le ndlela yokusebenza kunokunciphisa ukusebenza kwe-blocker blocker zinambuzane ezikhethiweyo.Ngokomzekelo, kunokubakho imiba enxulumene nokuchasana kwe-insecticides yeqela le-9 kunye ne-neonicotinoid (iqela le-IRAC 4A) izinambuzane ezichasayo (esekelwe ekuchaseni izinambuzane ezenza iklasi efanayo yeekhemikhali kunye / okanye imo yesenzo esifanayo).Indlela enye yokuxhathisa ichiza lokunganyangeki kwechiza) kuba ii-enzymes ezifana ne-cytochrome P-450 monooxygenase zinokumetabolisa ezi zibulali-zinambuzane.Ngoko ke, abavelisi be-greenhouse kufuneka baqhube ulawulo olufanelekileyo kwaye basebenzise i-insecticide kunye neendlela ezahlukeneyo zokwenza phakathi kwe-blocker feeding blockers kwinkqubo yokujikeleza ukuphepha naziphi na iingxaki ezinxulumene nokuxhatshazwa kweziyobisi.
Raymond is a professor and extension expert in Horticultural Entomology/Plant Protection in the Entomology Department of Kansas State University. His research and promotion plans involve plant protection in greenhouses, nurseries, landscapes, greenhouses, vegetables and fruits. rcloyd@ksu.edu or 785-532-4750
Njengoko abalimi bexakeke ngakumbi entwasahlobo, kwaye umda wempazamo uba mncinci kwaye ube mncinci, kubaluleke kakhulu ukuba abalimi baqinisekise ukuba yonke indawo yomsebenzi wabo wokufama ichanekile.Oku kuyinyani ngakumbi kubafuyi abasebenzisa iingcambu ezingenazingcambu zokuzala.
Ngokutsho kukaDkt Ryan Dickson, ingcali yokukhuthaza kwiYunivesithi yaseNew Hampshire, ingxaki eqhelekileyo kunye nokusebenza kwe-spring greenhouse kukusika ngokugqithiseleyo.Wathi oku kuthetha ukunikela kakhulu kwizityalo nokuzincothula iingcambu ngaphambi kwexesha.
"Xa ugqithisa i-atomize kumanqanaba okuqala emveliso, kunokwenzeka ukuba udibanise izondlo zesichumisi ukusuka kwi-lining," kusho uDickson."Kukwakho umngcipheko wokuqokelelwa kwamanzi kwi-substrate, enciphisa umxholo we-oksijini kwisiseko sokusika kunye nokulibaziseka kwengcambu."
Wathi: “Xa ufumana amagatya angenazingcambu, isityalo eso sisecicini lokufa.Ngumsebenzi wakho lo.Kufuneka uyibuyisele kwimpilo kwaye uvelise i-lining yekhwalithi ephezulu enesakhono esikhulu somlimi olandelayo.Mat.”“Kwiinqanaba lokuqala lokusasazeka, ibetha ibhalansi elungileyo phakathi kwenkungu eninzi kakhulu kunye nencinci kakhulu.Njengoko izityalo zikhula, uya kuqhubeka usenza uhlengahlengiso, ngoko ke kufuneka umlimi ozimiseleyo.”
UDixon uthe icala elisezantsi lokusebenzisa inkungu encinci kukuba umngcipheko wokucheba ukoma uphezulu, kuba nokubuna okuncinci kunokulibazisa ukuhluma.Ingxaki yokushiywa nokusilela isenokungaxoleli kangako.Abalimi basoloko besebenzisa kakhulu inkungu njenge-inshurensi.
Ngokutsho kukaDixon, ukuba isityalo sikhupha ngokugqithisileyo kwaye i-leaching ephezulu iyenzeka, i-pH kwindawo yokukhula nayo iya kwanda ngexesha lokuzala.
Izakha mzimba eziphakathi zinceda ukuzinzisa ipH.Ukuba ezi zondlo ziyahluzwa ngenxa yokunkcenkceshela okanye ukunkcenkceshelwa okugqithisileyo, i-pH inokunyuka ngaphezu komgangatho ofanelekileyo."Uthe.“Oku kuzisa iingxaki ezimbini.Eyokuqala kukuba izondlo ezifunxwa sisityalo ngexesha lokukhula kweengcambu ziphantsi kakhulu.Isizathu sesibini kukuba njengoko ixabiso le-pH linyuka, i-solubility ye-micronutrients ethile (efana nentsimbi kunye ne-manganese) iya kuncipha kwaye ayikwazi ukuxutywa.Ukuba ufumanisa ukuba izondlo zakho azanelanga kwaye izityalo ziphuzi, i-pH ephakathi iphezulu kwaye izondlo ziphantsi, ngoko isinyathelo sokuqala esilula kukongeza isichumisi kunye nokwandisa umxholo wezondlo phakathi.Oku kuya kubonelela ngezondlo kumagqabi aluhlaza, kwaye kukwancede ukuthoba ipH kwaye kwandise ukusetyenziswa kwe iron kunye ne manganese.”
Ukuze ulungelelanise inkqubo ye-atomization, uDickson ucebisa ukuchitha ixesha kwi-greenhouse ukujonga izityalo kunye ne-atomization.Uthe ngokufanelekileyo, abalimi kufuneka batshintshe izityalo emva kokuba zomile kodwa ngaphambi kokuba zibune.Ukuba umlimi ufunxa inkungu ngelixa amagqabi esemanzi, okanye isityalo siyabuna, kukho ingxaki.
Wathi: “Ungalunyula isityalo.”Kwaye xa isityalo sineengcambu, akufuneki sibe nenkungu kwaphela.
UDickson ucebisa ukuba kujongwe i-pH kunye nomxholo wezondlo ngexesha lokutyala ukufumanisa ukuba izondlo zihluziwe na kwaye kujongwe ukuba kuyafuneka na ukuchumisa.UDickson ukwacebisa ukuba kujongwe rhoqo i-pH kunye nomxholo we-EC.Ukwathe naziphi na izityalo ezitsha okanye izityalo ezinokuthi zichaphazeleke lula kwiingxaki zesondlo kufuneka zihlolwe rhoqo.UDixon uthe izityalo ezimbini ezinokuba yingozi ngakumbi yi-petunia kunye nentyatyambo enkulu ye-cho.
Uthe: "Ezi zizityalo ezomeleleyo ezibuthathaka kuzo zombini izondlo eziphantsi kunye ne-pH ephezulu."“Izityalo ezinamaxesha amade okuncothula iingcambu, njengamathambo kunye nezityalo ezinoqweqwe, nazo ziyajongwa.Ngokuqhelekileyo bafuna ixesha elingakumbi phantsi kwenkungu.Ke ngoko, kukho amandla amakhulu okukhupha izondlo kwindawo ephakathi ngaphambi kokuhluma. ”
Ndifundise enye yezifundo zam zokuvelisa izityalo eziluhlaza ekwindla.Kweso sifundo, sigxile kwizityalo ezityatyamba ngeembiza, iintyatyambo ezisikiweyo kunye nezityalo zamagqabi.Njengenxalenye yelebhu, satyala izityalo ezininzi ezifakwe kwiimbiza, kuquka ipoinsettia.Kwilabhoratri, siye saziqhelanisa nokusebenzisa “ulawulo lwezityalo lulonke”-indlela epheleleyo esekwe ekudityanisweni kwedatha kunye nokuqokelelwa kwedatha kunye novavanyo oluphambili lwemveliso yezityalo egcinwe kwizikhongozeli (Umfanekiso 1).Okokuqala, kufuneka sibeke iliso rhoqo imiba yokusingqongileyo ye-greenhouse, efana nokukhanya kwemini, ubushushu obuphakathi bemihla ngemihla, kunye nokwahlukana kobushushu bemini nobusuku.Xa isityalo sikhula okanye kukho ijika lomzobo lomzobo, umphakamo wesityalo;iimpawu ze-substrate kunye namanzi okunkcenkceshela, njenge-pH kunye ne-conductivity yombane (EC);kunye nabemi bezinambuzane.Xa usebenzisa idatha malunga nokusingqongileyo kwe-greenhouse, ukukhula kwezityalo, i-substrate, amanzi, kunye nezinambuzane, ukwenza izigqibo kulula kakhulu.Akunyanzelekanga ukuba uqashele ukuba kuqhubeka ntoni kwi-greenhouse okanye kwi-container;endaweni yoko, uyazi kwaye wenze izigqibo ezinolwazi ngakumbi.
Ekuqaleni kwesiqingatha sonyaka, abafundi banikwe iinjongo zobude babo bokugqibela, iimeko zegreenhouse, umgangatho wamanzi, kunye nomda wokugalelwa kovavanyo lwesubstrate.Kwi-poinsettia, i-pH ejoliswe kuyo i-5.8 ukuya kwi-6.2, kwaye i-EC yi-2.5 ukuya kwi-4.5 mS / cm.I-Poinsettia ithathwa njengesityalo "esiqhelekileyo" (esingekho phantsi kakhulu, singabi phezulu kakhulu) ngokumalunga neemfuneko ze-pH, kodwa ukusuka kwixabiso eliphezulu le-EC, kunokubonwa ukuba ithathwa njenge "isondlo esinzima".
Kwiiveki ezimbini emva kokutyala i-poinsettia, siye saqhuba uvavanyo lokuqala lwe-substrate.Le yimfihlelo.Ubuyile umfundi kwigreenhouse kwaye ebonakala ebhidekile.I-Poinsettia ine-pH phakathi kwe-4.8 kunye ne-4.9.Ekuqaleni, ndicebise ukuba i-pH ephathwayo ngesandla kunye nemitha ye-EC isenokungalinganiswa ngokuchanekileyo.Baphuma ke, bahlengahlengisa imitha, kwaye bafumana iziphumo ezifanayo.Abanye abafundi bahluza babuyela elabhoratri, kwaye i-pH yabo nayo iphantsi kakhulu.Ndicinge ukuba isisombululo sokulinganisa sisenokungabi sihle, ngoko ke savula ibhotile entsha yesisombululo saphinda sahlengahlengisa.Kwakhona, siye safumana iziphumo ezifanayo.Ngenxa yoko, sizame iimitha eziphathwayo ezahlukeneyo, kwaye emva koko sizame izisombululo zokulinganisa iimpawu ezahlukeneyo.I-pH ye-substrate iphantsi ngokupheleleyo.
Sisiphi isizathu se-pH ephantsi?Emva koko, safunda isichumiso esixutywe, amanzi acocekileyo, isisombululo sesichumiso kunye neesirinji.I-pH kunye ne-EC yesisombululo se-diluted fertilizer esiyisebenzisileyo ibonakala iqhelekile, kwaye iziphumo zabonisa ukuba akukho ngxaki.Ukusebenza umva ukusuka ekupheleni kombhobho, savavanya amanzi acocekileyo kamasipala.Kwakhona, la maxabiso abonakala ekuluhlu.Asiwafaki iasidi emanzini ethu kuba amanzi kamasipala esiwasebenzisayo anealkalinity emalunga nama-60 ppm- “plug and play” amanzi.Okulandelayo, makhe sijonge isisombululo sethu sesixa sesichumiso kunye nesitofu sesichumiso.Sisebenzisa umxube we-21-5-20 ukuthoba i-pH kunye ne-15-5-15 ukunyusa i-pH ukwenza isisombululo sochumisi esinokuzalisa amanzi ukulawula i-pH ye-substrate.Sixube isisombululo esitsha soluhlu, kwaye siqinisekile ukuba ii-injector zilinganisiwe kwaye zitofwe ngokuchanekileyo.
Ke, yintoni ebangela ukuba i-pH yehle?Akukho nto ndiyicingayo kwindawo yethu enokubangela iingxaki.Ingxaki yethu kufuneka ibangelwe zezinye izizathu!Ndagqiba kwinto enye esingakhange siyilinganise: ialkalinity.Ngoko ke, ndakhupha ikiti yokuvavanya i-alkalinity kwaye ndavavanya amanzi acacileyo kamasipala.Jonga, i-alkalinity ayiyona i-60s eqhelekileyo.Ngokuchasene noko, imalunga nama-75% ngaphantsi kunesiqhelo phakathi kolutsha.Umphathi wethu wegreenhouse wafowunela isixeko ebuza malunga nealkalinity ephantsi.Isixeko kutshanje sitshintshe indlela yaso, kwaye siqinisekile ukuba baye banciphisa i-alkalinity concentration ngaphantsi komgangatho wangaphambili.
Ekugqibeleni siyazi ukuba unobangela: i-alkalinity ephantsi emanzini okunkcenkceshela.I-21-5-20 inokubangela ukusabela kweasidi egqithisileyo ngamanzi amatsha kamasipala ane-alkalinity ephantsi.Sithathe amanyathelo athile ukulungisa i-pH ye-substrate.Okokuqala, ukwenzela ukunyusa ngokukhawuleza i-pH ye-substrate, senze isicelo se-limestone ehambayo.Ulawulo lwexesha elide lwe-pH, siphinde satshintsha isichumisi ukuya kwi-100% ye-15-5-15 ukuze sithathe inzuzo yesiphumo sokunyuka kwe-pH, kwaye sishiye ngokupheleleyo i-acidic 21-5-20.
Kutheni uthetha nge-poinsettia xa ingena kwimveliso epheleleyo entwasahlobo?Ukuziphatha kweli bali akunanto yakwenza nepoinsettia.Kunoko, igxininisa ukubaluleka kokubeka iliso rhoqo kunye nokuvavanya.Amagama kaLord Kelvin, isazi sezibalo kunye nenjineli, ashwankathelwa njengesishwankathelo sexabiso kuhlolo lwesiqhelo: "Ukulinganisa kukwazi."Emva kokuhlwayela, ngaphandle kovavanyo, ingxaki inokuhlala ingabonwa ixesha elide.Xa sifumene ukuba i-substrate pH yayiphantsi, amahlumela asabonakala elungile kwaye akukho zimpawu ezibonakalayo.Nangona kunjalo, ukuba asikwenzi naluphi na ukunkcenkceshela, ngoko uphawu lokuqala lwengxaki lunokuba yimpawu zetyhefu ye-micronutrient kumagqabi.Ukuba iimpawu zengxaki zibonakala, ngoko umonakalo othile ubangelwe.Eli bali likwabonisa ixabiso leendlela zokusombulula iingxaki ezicwangcisiweyo (Umfanekiso 2).Ukuqala kwethu ukucombulula le ngxaki, isixeko esatshintsha inkqubo yethu yokucoca amanzi sasingekho ezingqondweni zethu.Nangona kunjalo, emva kokuphanda ngokucokisekileyo imiba yangaphakathi esinokuyilawula, sikholelwa ukuba le imele ukuba yinto yangaphandle esingenako ukuyilawula, kwaye yandisa umda wophando lwethu.
Christopher is an assistant professor of horticulture in the Department of Horticulture at Iowa State University. ccurrey@iastate.edu
Ulwalamano phakathi kwabantu luya luwohloka, yaye maxa wambi luphela ngokuthe ngcembe.Ngamanye amaxesha ukwahlukana kuyamangalisa, ngamanye amaxesha kungabonakali kwaye kubonakala.Ngokuqhelekileyo, le yeyona nto ingcono.Nokuba kutheni okanye kutheni umntu ekushiyile, okanye ubashiyile, yile ndlela ojongana ngayo nale meko, eyenza umbono ongapheliyo kunye nenkumbulo yakho kunye nenkampani yakho.Akukho nto yenza abaphathi bazive bengakhululekanga njengokucela abasebenzi ukuba barhoxe okanye bagxothwe.Ngokuqhelekileyo, ibhola iyadideka xa kuyimfuneko ukuhambisa iinkcukacha zokushiya kwamanye amalungu eqela.
Ukuhamba akuyonto imbi.Kudla ngokuba kuhle xa umqeshwa ekhetha ukuhamba okanye eshiywe ngabaphathi.Abasebenzi abaphumayo banokukhangela amathuba angcono abangakwaziyo ukufikelela kuwo kunye nawe, okanye unokuphucula iimeko zokusebenza kunye nenzuzo ngokususa abantu abangayifanelanga inkampani yakho.Nangona kunjalo, ukurhoxa kubonakala kwenza wonke umntu azive engakhululekanga kwaye kuveza ukungakhuseleki okubuthathaka, ngakumbi kubaphathi.
Ukuziphatha okuqhelekileyo-ukuziphatha kwabaphathi bethu abaninzi banetyala ngaxa lithile kwimisebenzi yethu-engagqibekanga ukuya kwizimvo ezingalunganga malunga nokuhamba okanye ukuhamba.Xa unelizwi lomlomo malunga nokushiya okanye abasebenzi bangaphambili, uluphi ulwazi onokuthi uluthumele kubasebenzi bakho bangoku malunga nawe kunye nenkampani?Xa umntu ekushiya, kulula ukugxila kwiimpazamo zabo, kwaye ngokuphambene.Kodwa kwindawo yokusebenza, kubalulekile ukukhumbula ukuba baninzi abantu abasanxibelelana nawe kwaye unethemba lokuba uyayibona indlela oqhuba ngayo ngelo xesha, ngakumbi ukuba abaqeshwa abahambayo basebenza nzima ukwakha impumelelo yenkampani yabo.Indlela oziphatha ngayo iya kuba kukuxela kwangaphambili oko baya kukwenza ukuba bakhetha ukurhoxa.Okubaluleke ngakumbi, bazise ukuba uyayixabisa ngokwenene na imizamo yabasebenzi bangoku.
Umsebenzi wakho kukukhuthaza ukuzithemba kubasebenzi bakho ngala mzuzu;musa ukubenza baphakuzele.Usenokungaphangeli okanye ugxothwe ngaxa lithile kumsebenzi wakho.Usenokuba ufumene imvakalelo yokujongelwa phantsi ngabaphathi ngexesha okanye emva kokuba umkile.Ngokubhekiselele kunxibelelwano, ishishini lohlaza alikhululekanga ukuba uyathanda.Oko kujongelwa phantsi kunokwenzeka ukuba kudluliselwe kuwe okanye kumsebenzi oswelekileyo ngokusebenzisa intlebendwane yoshishino.Olu hlobo lwentlebendwane lushiya incasa embi emlonyeni womntu wonke, kwaye ayisokuze ibe yinto entle kwinkcubeko yobudlelwane beshishini loluntu.
Kufuneka wenze ntoni kule meko?Okokuqala, khumbula ukuba iimvakalelo zomntu ngomfi azinanxaxheba kwisicwangciso sakho sonxibelelwano.Nikela ingqalelo kwizibakala.Isivumelwano enixoxa ngaso sokuhamba kufuneka sihluke ngokuxhomekeke kwindlela umntu ahamba ngayo.Kwakhona, nceda ukwenze ngokukhawuleza.Ukulinda isibhengezo sokurhoxa komsebenzi kudla ngokukhokelela ekuhlebeni ukuze ugqibezele umsebenzi wakho.Lawula incoko.
Ukuba abasebenzi barhoxa ngokuzithandela ngenxa yezizathu zabo, nceda ubavumele bakubhengeze kwiintlanganiso zeqela okanye kwiintlanganiso zabasebenzi.Bacele ukuba bathumele ii-imeyile okanye iimemo nabanye abasebenzi abangakwaziyo ukuya entlanganisweni.Esi sisigqibo sabo, hayi esakho, kwaye banelungelo lokuhamba nanini na.Kuwo wonke umntu okusebenzelayo, kungcono ukuyichaza kwakhona le nto ngokungazi.Ngaphezu koko, inyanzelisa abasebenzi ukuba bachaze ngokuthe ngqo ukuba kutheni bemkile kwaye baphendule imibuzo ukuze ungazifihli isifuba okanye wenze iingxelo zobuxoki xa behamba.Emva kokubhengezwa kwabo, umsebenzi wakho kukubabulela ngeenkonzo zabo kunye negalelo kwiqela kunye nenkampani.Ndibanqwenelela okuhle kodwa kwaye ndihlale ndinesimo sengqondo esifanelekileyo kunye nabo ngaphambi kokuba badlulele phambili.
Xa bebhengeza, kufuneka uphinde ucacise isicwangciso kwabanye abasebenzi, uchaze indlela ozimisele ngayo ukutshintsha umqeshwa okanye indlela yokusingatha uxanduva lwabo, de wenze njalo.Emva kokuba bemkile, musa ukuphuma endleleni yokubonisa iintsilelo zabo, ukunciphisa igalelo labo lomsebenzi okanye ukunyamezela iimbono ezibi zabanye abasebenzi ngazo.Iya kukwenza ujongeke ungabalulekanga, kwaye iya kutyala nembewu engaphantsi kwentandabuzo ezingqondweni zabanye abasebenzi.
Ukuba umntu kufuneka agxothwe ngenxa yokusebenza kakubi okanye ukwaphulwa komgaqo-nkqubo, kufuneka ube ngumntu okhuphe isaziso kumqeshwa.Kule meko, nceda uthumele imemo ebhaliweyo okanye i-imeyile kumqeshwa ukunciphisa idrama.Ngokumalunga nexesha, kufuneka ngokukhawuleza wazise nabaphi na abasebenzi abaya kuchaphazeleka ngokuthe ngqo kukurhoxa.Abanye abasebenzi banokwaziswa ngosuku olulandelayo lokusebenza.Xa uvumela umntu ukuba ahambe, nikela ingqalelo kulwimi esibhalwe ngalo isaziso.Itsho nje ukuba abasebenzi abasasebenzi kwinkampani kwaye ibanqwenelela okuhle.
Kungcono ukuba ungangeni kwiinkcukacha xa uvumela umntu ukuba ahambe, nangona iqondo elithile lokungafihli linokunciphisa uloyiko.Kwisibhengezo, kufuneka ukhuthaze abanye abasebenzi ukuba baphakamise imibuzo kunye neenkxalabo malunga nokuyeka emsebenzini.Ngeli xesha, unokugqiba ulwazi oluneenkcukacha olunxulumene nomntu.Ukuba umqeshwa uvunyelwe ukuba aphule umgaqo-nkqubo othile, kuhle ukuwuphonononga ngokuthe ngqo nabaphathi neesuphavayiza ukwenzela ukuba baqonde ukubaluleka kwemfundo yomgaqo-nkqubo, ukuphunyezwa kwayo kunye namaxwebhu.
Ukutshintsha kunzima, kwaye kunzima ngakumbi kwabanye abantu.Kwiimeko ezininzi, utshintsho lulungile.Yamkela utshintsho lwabasebenzi kwinkampani kunye nesimo sengqondo esifanelekileyo kunye nesimo esihle, kwaye uya kuba kwindlela efanelekileyo yokwakha inkcubeko yokuthembela.
U-Leslie (CPH) ungumnini we-Halleck Horticultural, LLC, apho abonelela khona ngokubonisana nezityalo, izicwangciso zoshishino kunye nokuthengisa, uphuhliso lwemveliso kunye nokuthengisa kunye nokudalwa komxholo kwiinkampani zoshishino lohlaza.lesliehalleck.com
URegina Coronado, umlimi oyintloko weBell Nursery, woyisa imeko enzima kwaye waba yinkokeli yentengiso yegadi yaseMelika.
Ukusuka kwikofu kunye neembotyi zesoya ukuya kwimifuno kunye neziqholo, ukusuka kwimihombiso ukuya kwimifuno, ukuya kwimihombiso, uRegina Coronado ukhule phantse zonke.Wemka kwikhaya lakhe eGuatemala waya eFlorida, eTexas, eGeorgia, eWashington kwaye ngoku eNorth Carolina, wayenza kulo lonke ilizwe.Ukusukela ngo-2015, ebesebenza ekulimeni iBell Nursery apha.
Njengoko uCoronado wangena kuluhlu lweshishini le-greenhouse yase-US, kwafuneka oyise imingeni emininzi kwaye ajonge amathuba apho abanye babona imiqobo kuphela.
“Okokuqala, ndingumphambukeli.Ukuba usuka kwelinye ilizwe, kufuneka ubonise ukuba unobuchule.”UCoronado uthe wafumana i-visa, emva koko eli khadi eliluhlaza waza waba ngummi wase-US ngo-2008. “Into yesibini kukuba eli lishishini elilawulwa ngamadoda, ngoko ke kufuneka ube nzima ukuze uphile.”
Ngokuzingisa kwakhe, ukuzinikela kunye nomoya ongagungqiyo wokuphucula, uCoronado uyoyisile obu bunzima kwaye udale umsebenzi onempumelelo kushishino lwegreenhouse.
Edibanisa uthando lwakhe lwangaphandle nothando lwakhe lwesayensi, uCoronado wafumana isidanga kwezolimo eGuatemala.Wathi akuqonda ukuba liqaqobana labantu—kwanakwilizwe lakowabo, wayesebenza kwilebhu yomhlaba yabalimi bekofu.
“Xa umphathi wemkayo, ndafaka isicelo sesikhundla sakhe, yaye xa ndisiya kwisebe lemicimbi yabasebenzi, bandixelela ukuba ndizifeze zonke iimfuno, kodwa [abazange] bandivumele ukuba ndibe yintloko yelabhoratri yomhlaba ngenxa yokuba [ kuba] ndimncinci kakhulu, ndingumfazi,” utshilo uCoronado.
Kwiinyanga ezimbalwa kamva, wafumana ithuba eUnited States.Umntu othile waseGuatemala wathenga indawo yokunyamekela abantwana eFlorida, yaye waqesha ingcali yezolimo ukuba ichithe iinyanga ezintathu apho ukuze ifunde ishishini legreenhouse ukuze imncede aphinde akhe indlu eluhlaza eGuatemala.Emva kokuba uCoronado efikile eUnited States, iinyanga ezintathu zaba yiminyaka engama-26, kwaye isakhula.
Xa esebenza kuloo ndawo yokufundela abantwana, wayedla ngokufaka i-Speedling."Ndabona loo greenhouse okokuqala, kwaye ndacinga, 'Wow, ndinqwenela ukuba ndingasebenza apha!' .
Apho, wadibana noLouis Stacy, umseki weStacy Greenhouse.Ngenye imini, xa wayetyelele iSpeedling, washiya ikhadi lakhe leshishini eCoronado wamxelela ukuba kufuneka amtsalele umnxeba emsebenzini.Waqala ukumsebenzela eSouth Carolina ngo-2002, apho wafunda konke malunga nokukhula.
“Kum, ungumcebisi obalaseleyo,” utshilo uCoronado ngoStacey.UStacey usweleke ngoJanuwari, eneminyaka engama-81 kwiintsuku ezimbalwa ngaphambi kodliwano-ndlebe.“Ndikhumbula yonke into andifundise yona kule minyaka idlulileyo, njengokuzibophelela kwakhe ekugqweseni.Ngenene ulibeke engqondweni yam igama elithi “umgangatho” kuba engqondweni yakhe, ekuphela kwendlela esinokukhuphisana ngayo kukuKhuphisana ngezityalo ezikumgangatho ophezulu.”
Xa uStacy ethatha umhlala-phantsi, uCoronado wafuna amathuba kwintshona yeWashington state ukusebenza egadini kuMntla-ntshona, emva koko wabuyela empuma ukujoyina iBell Nursery.
Njengomlimi oyintloko weBell Nursery, uCoronado unoxanduva lokuvelisa izityalo ezikhula iminyaka emininzi.Igubungela indawo emalunga neehektare ezili-100 kwaye isasazwe kumaziko amabini: enye igxile ekulimeni iintyatyambo ezimibalabala ezifana neenyibiba, iris, idianthus kunye nephlox, kwaye enye igxile ekutyaleni.Isityalo sokugubungela kunye ne-jade host.
Wathi: “Ndithanda yonke into endikhule ngayo.”"Kum, ukukhula kukuthanda, kwaye ndinethamsanqa lokuhlawulwa ngenxa yothando lwam."
UCoronado wongamela iqela lokunkcenkceshela, iqela lokufakwa kwemichiza, kunye neqela lolondolozo lwezityalo kwindawo nganye (malunga neekhilomitha ezingama-40 ukuqelelana).Usebenza ngokutshintshana kumzi-mveliso ngamnye kangangeentsuku ezimbalwa, egxininisa kulwazi nolawulo lomgangatho.
UCoronado uthe: “Ndenza izinto ezininzi ngokwam, ndenza ulawulo oluninzi lomgangatho wokubumba, ukuthena, ukuhlakula kunye nokushiyana kwemiqolo, kuba injongo kaBell kukuthumela izityalo ezikumgangatho ophezulu evenkileni.“Ndichitha ixesha elininzi ndivavanya amanzi nomhlaba., Kwaye zama ukusebenzisa iintlobo ezintsha kunye neekhemikhali ezintsha.Ngamanye amazwi, andinalo ixesha lokukruquka.”
“Kubantu kunye nam, olu luqeqesho olungasoze luphele,” utshilo uCoronado.“Ndisoloko ndizama ukuhlala ndinolwazi, kuba kum ukukhula kufana nokuba ngugqirha.Ukuba usilela ngasemva, ayilunganga kum okanye kwinkampani kuba sifuna ukuphucula ukusebenza kakuhle.”
UCoronado uzibophelele ekuphuculeni yena kunye nabantu abamngqongileyo.Le yindlela yakhe yokubuyisela kwishishini.Njengoko umsebenzi wakhe ukhula, imboni yamkelwe ngokufudumeleyo kwaye yancedwa nguye.
“Ndonwabe kakhulu ukufumana ithuba lokuza eUnited States,” utshilo uCoronado, obuyela eGuatemala minyaka le.“Ukuqala kwam ukufika eUnited States, ubomi bam babunzima kakhulu, kodwa bekusoloko kuyintsikelelo kum ukuba lapha.Ndiyakholelwa ukuba ukuba kukho ithuba, kufuneka ndilizame.Ngamanye amaxesha ithuba liza kufika kube kanye kuphela, ukuba andilixhakamfuli elo thuba, liyakuphulukana nethuba.”