I-University of Pennsylvania Park-Iqela labaphandi bamazwe ngamazwe lathi iimazi zase-Asia ezineempondo ezinde zibeka umkhondo wepheromone ngokwesini phezu komthi ukutsalela amadoda kwindawo yawo.Oku kufunyenweyo kunokukhokelela kuphuhliso lwesixhobo sokulawula esi sitshabalalisi sihlaselayo, esichaphazela malunga neentlobo zemithi ezingama-25 eUnited States.
UKelly Hoover, unjingalwazi wenzululwazi ngezinambuzane kwiYunivesithi yasePenn State, wathi: “Ngenxa yezinambuzane zaseAsia ezineempondo ezinde, amawaka emithi yomthi oqinileyo iye yagawulwa eNew York, eOhio, naseMassachusetts, inkoliso yayo iyimaple.”“Siyifumene le nto.Ipheromone eveliswa ziimazi zolu hlobo inokusetyenziselwa ukulawula izinambuzane ezitshabalalisayo.”
Abaphandi bahlula kwaye bachonga iikhemikhali ezine ezivela kwimizila ye-beetles yase-Asia eneempondo ezinde kunye nokukhwelana (Anoplophora glabripennis), akukho nanye efunyenwe kwimizila yamadoda.Baye bafumanisa ukuba umzila we-pheromone uqukethe izinto ezimbini eziphambili-2-methyldocosane kunye (Z) -9-triecosene-kunye neenxalenye ezimbini ezincinci-(Z) -9-pentatriene kunye (Z) -7-pentatriene.Iqela lophando liphinde lafumanisa ukuba isampuli nganye yeenyawo iqulethe zonke ezine zezi zixhobo zekhemikhali, nangona imilinganiselo kunye nobungakanani buya kuhluka ngokuxhomekeka ekubeni ibhinqa liyintombi okanye lidibene kunye neminyaka yowesifazane.
Sifumanise ukuba abafazi bamandulo abanakuqala ukuvelisa izixa ezaneleyo zomxube wepheromone ochanekileyo-oko kukuthi, umlinganiselo ochanekileyo weekhemikhali ezine omnye komnye-de babe malunga neentsuku ezingama-20 ubudala, ezihambelana nexesha lokuchuma, "Hoover. wathi “Emva kokuba imazi iphumile kumthi wePhyllostachys, ithatha malunga neeveki ezimbini ukutya emasebeni namagqabi ngaphambi kokuba izalele amaqanda.
Abaphandi baye bafumanisa ukuba xa iimazi zivelisa umlinganiselo ofanelekileyo kunye nomlinganiselo wepheromone zize ziwabeke phezu komhlaba ahamba phezu kwazo, nto leyo ebonisa ukuba zichumile, kuza kufika amadoda.
Hoover wathi: “Into ebangel’ umdla kukuba nangona ipheromone itsala amadoda, iyawagxotha amantombazana anyulu.”"Oku kunokuba yindlela yokunceda abafazi baphephe ukukhuphisana namaqabane."
Ukongezelela, abaphandi bafunde ukuba abafazi abaqolileyo ngokwesondo baya kuqhubeka bevelisa i-pheromone yomsila emva kokukhwelana, abakholelwa ukuba luncedo kumadoda nabasetyhini.Ngokutsho kwezazinzulu, ngokuqhubeka evelisa iipheromones emva kokukhwelana, iimazi zinokuphembelela inkunzi enye ukuba ziphinde zikhwele, okanye ziphembelele ezinye iinkunzi ukuba zikhwele nazo.
UMelody Keener, isazi ngezinambuzane kwiNorthern Research Station yeForest Service yeSebe lezoLimo laseUnited States, wathi: “Amabhinqa aya kungenelwa ngokukhwelana izihlandlo ezininzi, yaye asenokungenelwa ngokukhwelana nenkunzi kangangexesha elide ngenxa yokuba ezi ziphathamandla. Nyusa.Amathuba okuba amaqanda ayo achume.”
Ngokwahlukileyo koko, indoda ingenelwa ngokuqinisekisa ukuba kuphela lidlozi layo elisetyenziselwa ukuqhamisa iqanda lomfazi, ukuze kudlule imizila yemfuza kuphela kwisizukulwana esilandelayo.
UHoover wathi: “Ngoku, sinolwazi olungakumbi ngongcelele lweendlela zokuziphatha ezintsonkothileyo, kunye nemichiza nemiqondiso ebonwayo nemiqondiso enceda amaqabane ukuba afumane aze ancede amadoda ukuba afumane iimazi kwakhona emthini ukuze azikhusele kwabanye.Ukuxhatshazwa ngamadoda.”
UZhang Aijun, isazi samachiza kwiSebe lezoLimo lase-US kwiNkonzo yoPhando lwezoLimo, iZiko loPhando lwezoLimo eBeltsville, i-Invasive Insect Biological Control and Behaviour Laboratory, wathi onke amacandelo amane e-pheromone adityanisiwe kwaye avavanywa kwi-laboratory bioassays 了 umsebenzi wayo wokuziphatha.I-synthetic trace pheromone inokuba luncedo ekujonganeni nooqongqothwane abahlaselayo entsimini.I-Zhang yahlula, yachongwa kwaye yadibanisa i-pheromone.
Hoover wathi: “Uhlobo lwepheromone yokwenziwa lunokusetyenziswa kunye nomngundo obangela izinambuzane, yaye uAnn Hajek uyawufunda kwiYunivesithi yaseCornell.”“Lo mngundo unokutshizwa.Emithi, xa oqongqothwane behamba kuyo, baya kufunxa baze bosulele baze babulale umngundo.Ngokusebenzisa iipheromones ezisetyenziswa kooqongqothwane abamazi ukuze batsale amadoda, sinokuphembelela ooqongqothwane abangamadoda ukuba bawabulale.Izibulala-zinambuzane ezibulalayo endaweni yabafazi abazityebi.”
Iqela liceba ukuqhubela phambili ngokufunda ngokuzama ukufumanisa apho i-estrogen iveliswa khona emzimbeni womntu, indlela indoda enokuyibona ngayo i-pheromone, ixesha elingakanani i-pheromone isenokubonwa emthini, kwaye ingaba iyakwazi ukulamla ezinye iindlela zokuziphatha ezinye iindlela.Ipheromone.Ezi khemikhali.
ISebe lezoLimo lase-United States, iNkonzo yoPhando lwezoLimo, iNkonzo yeHlathi;Isiseko seAlphawood;Iziko loPhando lweHorticultural lixhase olu phando.
Abanye ababhali beli phepha baquka uMaya Nehme weYunivesithi yaseLebanon;Peter Meng, umfundi ophumelele kwi-entomology kwiYunivesithi yasePennsylvania State;kunye noWang Shifa weYunivesithi yaseNanjing Forestry.
Uqongqothwane we-Asian longhorn yinzalelwane yase-Asiya kwaye unoxanduva lokulahleka okukhulu komthunzi wexabiso eliphezulu kunye neentlobo zemithi yemithi.Kuluhlu olufakwe eUnited States, lukhetha iimephu.
Ooqongqothwane ababhinqileyo baseAsia banokuzuza ngokudibana okuninzi okanye ukukhwelana nendoda ixesha elide, kuba ezi ziphathamandla zonyusa amathuba okuba amaqanda azo achume.