Iimpawu eziqhelekileyo zezine
I-Paclobutrazol, i-uniconazole, i-Mepiquat chloride, kunye ne-Chlormequat zonke ziyingxenye yokulawula ukukhula kwezityalo.Emva kokusetyenziswa, banokulawula ukukhula kwezityalo, banqande ukukhula kwezityalo (ukukhula kweendawo ezingaphezulu komhlaba ezifana neziqu, amagqabi, amasebe, njl.), kunye nokukhuthaza ukukhula kokuzala (iziqhamo, iziqu, njl. Ukwandiswa kwenxalenye engaphantsi komhlaba) , ukuthintela isityalo ekukhuleni ngamandla kunye nemilenze, kunye nokudlala indima yokunciphisa isityalo, ukunciphisa i-internodes, kunye nokuphucula ukuxhathisa uxinzelelo.
Ingenza izityalo zibe neentyatyambo ezininzi, iziqhamo ezininzi, ii-tillers ezininzi, ii-pods ezininzi, kunye namasebe amaninzi, ukwandisa umxholo we-chlorophyll, ukuphucula ukusebenza kwe-photosynthesis, kunye nefuthe elihle kakhulu lokulawula ukukhula kunye nokwandisa isivuno.Ngexesha elifanayo, zonke ezine zinokuthi zifakwe kwiingcambu zezityalo, iziqu kunye namaqabunga, kodwa ukusebenzisa ugxininiso oluphezulu okanye olugqithiseleyo luya kuba nemiphumo emibi ekukhuleni kwezityalo, ngoko ke kufuneka kuhlawulwe ingqalelo ekhethekileyo.
Umahluko phakathi kwezine

1.Paclobutrazol
I-Paclobutrazol ngokungathandabuzekiyo iyona nto isetyenziswa ngokuqhelekileyo, isetyenziswa ngokubanzi, kunye neyona nto ithengisa kakhulu i-triazole yokulawula ukukhula kwezityalo kwimarike.Iyi-inhibitor eyenziwe kwi-gibberellins engapheliyo.Inokucothisa isantya sokukhula kwezityalo, ilawule inzuzo ephezulu yeziqu, ikhuthaze ukwahlulahlula iithafa kunye neentyatyambo zeentyatyambo, igcine iintyatyambo neziqhamo, ikhuthaze ukukhula kweengcambu, iphucule ukusebenza kakuhle kwephotosynthetic, kwaye iphucule ukuxhathisa koxinzelelo.Inemiphumo emihle kakhulu kwisondo, njl.

Ngaxeshanye, ngenxa yokuba yaphuhliswa okokuqala njengesibulali-ntsholongwane sokungunda, ikwanazo neziphumo ezithile zokubulala iintsholongwane kunye nokukhula, kwaye ineziphumo ezihle kakhulu zolawulo kwi powdery mildew, fusarium wilt, anthracnose, rapeseed sclerotinia, njl.

I-Paclobutrazol inokusetyenziswa ngokubanzi kwizityalo ezininzi zentsimi, izityalo zemali kunye nezityalo zemithi yeziqhamo, ezifana nerayisi, ingqolowa, ingqolowa, udlwengulo, i-soya, ikotoni, i-peanut, iitapile, i-apula, i-citrus, i-cherry, imango, i-lychee, i-peach, ipere, icuba. , njl.Phakathi kwazo, izityalo zasemasimini kunye nezityalo zorhwebo zisetyenziselwa ukutshiza kwinqanaba lezithole nangaphambi nasemva kwenqanaba lokuntshula.Imithi yeziqhamo isetyenziswa kakhulu ukulawula ukumila kwesithsaba kunye nokuthintela ukukhula okutsha.Inokutshizwa, igungxulwe okanye inkcenkceshelwe.Inefuthe elibalulekileyo kwizithole ze rapeseed kunye nerayisi.
Iimpawu: Uluhlu olubanzi lwezicelo, isiphumo esilungileyo sokulawula ukukhula, ukusebenza kakuhle ixesha elide, umsebenzi omhle webhayoloji, kulula ukubangela iintsalela zomhlaba, eziya kuchaphazela ukukhula kwesityalo esilandelayo, kwaye ayifanelekanga ukusetyenziswa ixesha elide.Kwimihlaba apho kusetyenziswa iPaclobutrazol, kungcono ukulima umhlaba phambi kokutyala isityalo esilandelayo.

2.uniconazole

I-Uniconazole inokuthiwa yinguqulo ephuculweyo yePaclobutrazol, kwaye ukusetyenziswa kwayo kunye nokusetyenziswa kwayo kufana nePaclobutrazol.
Nangona kunjalo, ngenxa yokuba i-uniconazole i-carbon bond bond, umsebenzi wayo we-biological kunye nefuthe leyeza liyi-6-10 amaxesha kunye namaxesha e-4-10 aphezulu kunePaclobutrazol ngokulandelanayo.Intsalela yomhlaba wayo kuphela i-1 / 5-1 / 3 yePaclobutrazol, kwaye umphumo wayo weyeza Isantya sokubola ngokukhawuleza (i-Paclobutrazol ihleli emhlabeni ngaphezu kwesiqingatha sonyaka), kwaye impembelelo yayo kwizityalo ezilandelayo i-1/5 kuphela. iPaclobutrazol.
Ngoko ke, xa kuthelekiswa nePaclobutrazol, i-uniconazole inolawulo olunamandla kunye nefuthe le-bactericidal kwizityalo kwaye ikhuselekile ukuyisebenzisa.
Iimpawu: ukusebenza okuqinileyo, intsalela ephantsi, kunye nokhuseleko oluphezulu.Ngelo xesha, ngenxa yokuba i-uniconazole inamandla kakhulu, ayifanelekanga ukusetyenziswa kwinqanaba leembewu zemifuno emininzi (i-Mepiquat chloride ingasetyenziswa), kwaye inokuchaphazela lula ukukhula kwezithole.

3.Mepiquat chloride

I-Mepiquat chloride luhlobo olutsha lokulawula ukukhula kwezityalo.Xa kuthelekiswa ne-Paclobutrazol kunye ne-uniconazole, iyancipha, ayicaphuki kwaye inokhuseleko oluphezulu.
Imepiquat chloride ingagalelwa ngokwesiseko kuwo onke amanqanaba ezityalo, nakwinqanaba lezithole kunye neentyantyambo xa izityalo zinovelwano kakhulu kumachiza.I-Mepiquat chloride ayinayo imiphumo emibi kwaye ayinayo i-phytotoxicity.Kunokuthiwa yeyona nto ikhuselekileyo kwimarike.UMlawuli wokuKhula kweZityalo.
Iimpawu: I-Mepiquat chloride inokhuseleko oluphezulu kunye neshelufu ebanzi.Nangona kunjalo, nangona inempembelelo yokulawula ukukhula, ukusebenza kwayo kufutshane kwaye kubuthathaka, kwaye isiphumo sayo sokulawula ukukhula sibi kakhulu.Ngokukodwa kwezo zityalo zikhula ngamandla, zisoloko zifuneka.Sebenzisa amaxesha amaninzi ukufezekisa iziphumo ezifunwayo.
4.Chlormequat

I-Chlormequat ikwangumlawuli wokukhula kwezityalo osetyenziswa kakhulu ngamafama.Kwakhona iqulethe iPaclobutrazol.Ingasetyenziselwa ukutshiza, ukumanzisa kunye nokufaka imbewu.Ineempembelelo ezintle ekulawuleni ukukhula, ukunyuswa kweentyatyambo, ukunyuswa kweziqhamo, ukuthintela indawo yokuhlala, ukumelana nokubanda, Ineempembelelo zokumelana nembalela, ukuxhathisa kwetyuwa-alkali kunye nokukhuthaza isivuno seendlebe.
Iimpawu: Yahlukile kwi-Paclobutrazol, ehlala isetyenziswa kwinqanaba lezithole kunye nenqanaba elitsha lokukhula, iChlormequat isetyenziswa kakhulu kwinqanaba leentyantyambo kunye nenqanaba leziqhamo, kwaye isetyenziswa rhoqo kwizityalo ezinexesha elifutshane lokukhula.Nangona kunjalo, ukusetyenziswa kakubi kudla ngokubangela ukushwabana kwezityalo.Ukongeza, iChlormequat ingasetyenziswa kunye ne-urea kunye nezichumisi ezine-acidic, kodwa ayinakuxutywa nezichumisi ze-alkaline.Kufanelekile kwiiplani ezinokuzala okwaneleyo kunye nokukhula okulungileyo.Akufanele isetyenziselwe iziza ezinokuzala kakubi kunye nokukhula okubuthathaka.