Ukuthintela imichiza emitsha, ukonyuka kokuxhathisa izinambuzane kunye nokubuyisela uxinzelelo lwengcambu yengcambu zezinye zezinto ezenza unyaka ka-2020 ube ngunyaka onzima kakhulu kulawulo lwezinambuzane, kwaye ezi zinto zinokuqhubeka zikhona ngo-2021.
Njengoko abalimi kunye nabathengisi bejongana nale mingeni, uSam Knott, umphathi wezityalo wase-Atticus LLC osembindini wase-US, uqaphela ukuba abaphenduli kancinci kwizibulali-zinambuzane ezisebenzayo nezesibini, ngelixa indlela ecwangcisiweyo iMore.
U-Knott uthe: "Xa iimpawu kunye neekhemikhali zinokudityaniswa ukunika abalimi izicwangciso ze-bulletproof ngakumbi kwi-2021," wongezelela ukuba uye wabona ukusetyenziswa okungaphezulu kwe-in-ditch insecticide.Thintela izinambuzane ezitshabalalisayo ezifana ne-nematodes kunye ne-rub.
U-Nessler uphinde wafumanisa ukuba ngenxa yezinto ezahlukeneyo, imfuno yamachiza enziwe afana nalawo enziwe afana nalawo enziwe ngabenzi bokuqala (kubandakanywa i-pyrethroids, i-bifenthrin kunye ne-imidacloprid) iyanda.
“Ndicinga ukuba izinga lemfundo yabalimi alizange libonwe ngaphambili.Abalimi abaninzi abaqhubela phambili baqonda izithako ezisebenzayo ze-AI okanye indibaniselwano ngcono kunangaphambili.Bafuna iimveliso ezisemgangathweni kubaboneleli abathembekileyo abamaxabiso abo anokwaneliseka ngcono.Iimfuno zabo, kwaye kulapho kanye amachiza enziwe afana nalawo enziwe afana nalawo aveliswe ngabenzi anokwanelisa ngokwenyani iimfuno zabo kunye neemfuno zabathengisi zokwahlula kunye nokubonelela ngeemveliso ezisemgangathweni.
Xa abalimi bewajonga ngocoselelo amagalelo abo, u-Nick Fassler, umphathi wesebe lentengiso yobugcisa beBASF, wakhuthaza uhlolo olubanzi lwabantu bezinambuzane ezitshabalalisayo ukufumanisa ukuba umda wezoqoqosho uye wafikelelwa.Umzekelo, kwiintwala, kukho iintwala ezingama-250 kwisityalo ngasinye ngokomndilili, kwaye ngaphezu kwe-80% yezityalo zosulelekile.
Uthe: "Ukuba uqhuba uphando rhoqo kwaye abantu bazinza, bagcine, okanye behla, awunakukwazi ukusithethelela isicelo."“Nangona kunjalo, ukuba (ufikelela kumda woqoqosho) ucinga ngelahleko yemveliso enokubakho.Namhlanje, asinanto ingako yokucinga “yokuphuma sisonke”, kodwa kukuvavanya imilinganiselo yokukhusela ingeniso enokwenzeka.Olo hambo longezelelekileyo lophando lunokuzisa umvuzo ngokwenene.”
Phakathi kweemveliso ezintsha zokubulala izinambuzane eziqaliswe ngo-2021, i-BASF's Renestra yi-Fastac, i-premix ye-pyrethroids, kunye nesithako sayo esitsha esisebenzayo i-Sefina Inscalis iyasebenza ngokuchasene ne-aphids.UFassler uthe indibaniselwano inika abalimi isisombululo esinokusetyenziswa ukulawula izitshabalalisi ezininzi kunye neentwala zesoya ezikwaziyo ukumelana nemichiza yesintu.Le mveliso ijolise kubalimi baseMidwest, apho kukho imfuneko yokujongana ne-aphid ye-soybean, i-beetles yaseJapan kunye nezinye izinambuzane ezihlafunayo.
Kwiminyaka embalwa edlulileyo, ukuhla kweempawu, ngakumbi kubalimi bombona, kuye kwanda, ubukhulu becala ngenxa yembono yokuba i-corn rootworms iyancipha njengengozi.Kodwa uxinzelelo olukhulayo kwi-rootworms yombona ngo-2020 lunokubangela ukuba abalimi kunye nabathengisi baphinde baqwalasele izicwangciso zabo zonyaka ozayo.
“Kubalimi, oku kukubetheka kabini.Batshintsha ukusuka kwiphiramidi ukuya kwindlela enye yesenzo, kwaye ke olu xinzelelo olukhulu luyenyuka (lubangela ilahleko eninzi).Ndicinga ukuba unyaka ka-2020 uza kuwa ngenxa yokuba abantu bazi ngokugcina umbona, ukuthenwa, ilahleko yesivuno kunye nemingeni yesivuno iya kwanda kakhulu,” uMeade McDonald, intloko yentengiso yemveliso yaseMntla Melika yesibulali-zinambuzane eSyngenta, uxelele imagazini iCropLife®.
Kwiimpawu ezine zorhwebo ezinokuthi zisetyenziswe ukulwa neentshulube zombona eziphantsi komhlaba namhlanje, zone ziyakwazi ukumelana nentsimi.UJim Lappin, umlawuli we-SIMPAS's portfolio and alliance AMVAC, wachaza ukuba malunga ne-70% yombona olinywayo inophawu olunye kuphela olungaphantsi komhlaba, okongeza kuxinzelelo kolu phawu.
Lo kaLappin uthe: “Oku akuthethi ukuba baya kusilela ngalo lonke ixesha, kodwa kuthetha ukuba abantu banikela ingqalelo engakumbi kumsebenzi ofanayo nalowo wangaphambili.”
I-BASF's Fassler ibongoza abalimi ukuba balumke xa bethathela ingqalelo ukuthotywa kwamaxabiso, kuba wakuba uqalile ukonakala kweengcambu, phantse akunakwenzeka ukuwulungisa ngaphakathi kwesityalo.
“Ukuthetha neengcali zezolimo zengingqi kunye namaqabane embewu iya kuba yeyona ndlela ingcono yokuqonda uxinzelelo lwezinambuzane olukhoyo kunye nokuba loluphi uhlobo lwabantu olukhoyo kujikelezo lweembotyi zesoya ukubonisa ubungqina apho kufuneka ubeke khona iimpawu kunye nalapho ungarhweba khona. .“Ukufihla umbona akuyonto inika umdla, asiyonto esifuna umntu ayive.Phambi kokwenza olu khetho (lokunciphisa ixabiso), nceda uqiniseke ukuba sele unolwazi ngorhwebo.”
UGqr. Nick Seiter, isazi ngezinambuzane ezityalwa emasimini kwiYunivesithi yaseIllinois, wacebisa: “Kumasimi ombona abangela umonakalo omkhulu kwimibungu yombona ngo-2020, eyona ndlela ilungileyo kukuguqula iimbotyi zesoya ngo-2021.”Ayiyi kuphelisa ukuvela kwibala.Ooqongqothwane abanokuthi baxhathise-ingakumbi kwiindawo apho ukuxhathisa ukujikeleza kuyingxaki-imibungu eqandusela emasimini eembotyi zesoya iza kufa."Ngokwembono yolawulo lokuchasana, eyona nto imbi kakhulu kukuba emva kokubona umonakalo owenziwe ngengozi kwintsimi kunyaka odlulileyo, ukutyalwa kombona ngokuqhubekayo kunye neempawu ezifanayo."
U-Seiter wachaza ukuba ukulinganisa umonakalo we-rootworm kwintsimi kubalulekile ukuvavanya ukuba i-rootworm ehlala kuyo ingamelana nendibaniselwano ethile yeempawu ze-Bt.Ukubhekisela, ibakala le-0.5 (isiqingatha se-node sinqunywe) sithathwa njengomonakalo ongalindelekanga kwi-pyramidal Bt corn plant, enokuba bubungqina bokuchasana.Wongeza, khumbula ukuqwalasela iindawo zokuhlala ezixubileyo.
Umanejala wobuchwephesha wengingqi yeFMC Corp. uGail Stratman uthe ukuphucula ukusebenza kwe cornworms ngokuchasene neempawu zeBt kubangela abalimi ukuba bahlehle kwaye bacinge ngeendlela ezohlukeneyo.
Andikwazi ukuthembela kwiimpawu zeBt ukuhlangabezana neemfuno zam;Kuya kufuneka ndithathele ingqalelo yonke i-insect dynamics ekufuneka ndiyilawule,” utshilo uStratman, umzekelo, edityaniswe nenkqubo yokutshiza ukuwisa ooqongqothwane abadala kunye noLawula inani lokuzala.Uthe: “Le ndlela ngoku kuxoxwa ngayo ngokubanzi.”"Ukusuka kwiindawo eziphakamileyo zaseKansas naseNebraska ukuya e-Iowa, e-Illinois, eMinnesota nangaphaya, sijonge ingxaki ye-rootworm."
I-Ethos XB (AI: Bifenthrin + Bacillus amyloliquefaciens strain D747) ukusuka kwi-FMC kunye ne-Capture LFR (AI: Bifenthrin) zimveliso ezimbini ze-furrow pesticides.U-Stratman ukhankanye isibulali-zinambuzane se-Steward EC njengemveliso esakhulayo kuba sisebenza ngokuchasene nooqongqothwane abadala be-corn rootworm kunye nezinambuzane ezininzi ze-lepidopteran, ngelixa zinempembelelo encinci kwizinambuzane eziluncedo.
Izitshabalalisi ezitsha eziqaliswe yiFMC ziquka iVantacor, imveliso egxininiswe kakhulu yeRynaxypyr.Enye i-Elevest, nayo ixhaswa yi-Rynaxypyr, kodwa ngomlinganiselo opheleleyo we-bifenthrin wongezwa kwifomula.I-Elevest iphucula umsebenzi okhethiweyo ngokuchasene nezinambuzane ze-lepidopteran kwaye iphucula uluhlu lwemisebenzi yezinambuzane ezingaphezu kwe-40, kubandakanywa iibhugi kunye nezinambuzane zezityalo ezihlasela izityalo ezisemazantsi.
Inzuzo yabalimi imisela ubume bezityalo zonyaka kwimimandla emininzi.UStrahman uthe ngenxa yokuba amaxabiso ombona esanda kunyuka, abalimi banokubona ukwanda kwezinambuzane ezithanda umbona, ngelixa ukutyalwa kombona ukuya kombona kuqhubeka ukwanda.“Oku kunokuba lulwazi olubalulekileyo kuwe ukuba uqhubele phambili ngo-2021. Khumbula okubonileyo kwiminyaka emibini edlulileyo, nikela ingqalelo kwindlela iintsingiselo eziyichaphazela ngayo ifama kwaye wenze izigqibo zolawulo ezihambelanayo.”
Kwingcali yezolimo yaseWinField United u-Andrew Schmidt, iintshulube kunye nezinambuzane zesilika ezifana nooqongqothwane bakhe kunye nooqongqothwane babeka esona sisongelo esikhulu kwingingqi yakhe yaseMissouri nakwimpuma yeKansas.I-Missouri inamasimi ombona ambalwa kakhulu, ngoko ke iingxaki ze-rootworm azixhaphakanga.Kwiminyaka emibini ukuya kwemithathu edlulileyo, i-pod feeders (ingakumbi iincukuthu zokulala) ziye zaba yingxaki ngakumbi kwiimbotyi zesoya, ngoko ke iqela lakhe beligxininisa ukukhangela ngexesha elibalulekileyo lokukhula kunye nokuzaliswa kweepod.
I-Tundra Supreme ivela kwiWinField United kwaye yenye yeemveliso eziphambili ezicetyiswa nguSchmidt.Le mveliso ineendlela ezimbini (AI: bifenthrin + poisoning rif), kwaye inokuthintela kunye nokulawula okushiyekileyo ooqongqothwane baseJapan, iincukuthu, ooqongqothwane begqabi lembotyi, izigcawu ezibomvu kunye nezinambuzane ezininzi zombona kunye neembotyi zesoya.
U-Schmidt ukwagxininise izongezo ze-MasterLock zenkampani njengeqabane leemveliso zomxube we-barrel ukufezekisa ukugqunywa kakuhle kokutshiza kunye nokubekwa.
“Uninzi lwezinambuzane esizitshizayo yi-R3 ukuya kwi-R4 yeembotyi zesoya kwicanopy eshinyeneyo.I-MasterLock ene-surfactants kunye ne-deposition aids inokusinceda sizise izibulali-zinambuzane kwi-canopy.Nokuba yeyiphi na inambuzane esiyisebenzisayo, Sonke sicebisa ukuba siyisebenzise kwesi sicelo ukunceda ukulawula isinambuzane kwaye sifumane imbuyekezo engcono kutyalo-mali. "
Uphando olubanzi lwabathengisi bezolimo olwenziwa yi-AMVAC ngoSeptemba lubonise ukuba uxinzelelo lwe-corn rootworm kwizityalo zombona zonke eMbindi-ntshona kunye noMntla-ntshona weMidwest ziya kunyuka ngo-2020, ebonisa ukuba umhlaba omningi wombona uya kusetyenziswa ngo-2021. Izinambuzane.
Umthengisi wezolimo wenze uphando kwi-intanethi kunye nodliwano-ndlebe lwefowuni kwaye wathelekisa uxinzelelo lwe-rootworm ngo-2020 kunye noxinzelelo ngo-2012. Ukususela ngoko, ukususela ngo-2013 ukuya kwi-2015, ukusetyenziswa kwezilwanyana ezibulala izinambuzane kuye kwanda ngexesha lesithathu.
Ukubaleka kokhula kwisizini ka-2020 kuya kwanda, kubonelele ngemithombo yokutya eyongezelelekileyo kunye neendawo zokuhlala kwiindawo zokuzala.
ULappin wathi: “Ukutshatyalaliswa kokhula kulo nyaka kuya kuba nefuthe kuxinzelelo lwezinambuzane kunyaka ozayo.”Ukudibanisa namaxabiso aphezulu ombona kunye nezinye izinto, kulindeleke ukuba ubusika obubandayo buya kwandisa izinga lokusinda kwamaqanda kunye nokwandisa ukuchasana neempawu ze-Bt, ezibonisa i-Potential elandelayo yokusetyenziswa ngakumbi kwee-pesticides zombona kweli xesha.
“Umda wokunyangwa kwe cornworm yombona ngumlinganiselo wemazi yebhungane enye kwisityalo ngasinye.Kucingelwa ukuba kukho izityalo ezingama-32,000 ngehektare nganye, nokuba yi-5% kuphela yaba baqongqothwane bazalela amaqanda kwaye la maqanda angaphila, usathetha ngamawaka kwi-acre yohlobo ngalunye.”Watsho uLappin.
Izitshabalalisi zomhlaba wombona we-AMVAC ziquka i-Aztec, i-brand yayo ehamba phambili ye-corn rootworm kunye ne-Index, ii-liquid alternative corn rootworm pellet product alternatives, kunye ne-Force 10G, Counter 20G kunye ne-SmartChoice HC - zonke ezinokudityaniswa kunye ne-SmartBox+ Sebenzisa kwaye usebenzise kunye ne-SmartCartridges.Inkqubo yesicelo evaliweyo ye-SIMPAS iya kukhuthazwa ngokupheleleyo kwimarike yombona ngo-2021.
Umanejala wemarike yombona we-AMVAC, iimbotyi zesoya kunye ne-sugar beet uNathaniel Quinn (Nathaniel Quinn) uthe: “Abalimi abaninzi bafumanisa ukuba bafuna ukonyusa izinga lolawulo lwento abayigqala njengesona sivuno silungileyo.”Ukukwazi ukusebenzisa izibulali-zinambuzane ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo kuya kuba luncedo, kwaye i-AMVAC ibonelela ngolu khetho.Xa kuqwalaselwa izicelo eziqhelekileyo, i-SIMPAS yenza ukuba abalimi babonelele ngeyona ndlela ilungileyo yokudibanisa iimpawu, izibulali zinambuzane, kunye nezinye iimveliso zokufikelela kwisakhono sesivuno kubonelela ngenqanaba lolawulo olufunekayo.Wongeze wathi: “Mninzi umsebenzi ekufuneka wenziwe, kodwa itekhnoloji esiyiphuhlisayo iqhuba le nkqubela phambili.
UJackie Pucci ngumxhasi ophezulu weCropLife, PrecisionAg Professional kunye neemagazini ze-AgriBusiness Global.Jonga onke amabali ombhali apha.