Nangona i-nematodes ye-parasitic yezityalo ikwi-nematode hazards, ayizozinambuzane, kodwa izifo zezityalo.

Isifo se-plant nematode sibhekisa kudidi lwe-nematode olunokuthi luqhubekisele phambili izihlunu ezahlukeneyo zezityalo, lubangele ukudodobala kwezityalo, kwaye lusasaze ezinye iintsholongwane zezityalo ngelixa losulela umkhosi, lubangele iimpawu zesifo sezityalo.Izityalo ezine-parasitic nematodes ezifunyenwe ukuza kuthi ga ngoku ziquka i-root-knot nematodes, i-pine wood nematodes, i-soybean cyst nematodes kunye ne-stem nematodes, i-forerunner nematodes njl.

Thatha i-root-knot nematode njengomzekelo:

I-Root-knot nematodes ludidi olubaluleke kakhulu lwezityalo ezinematodes ezisasazwa ngokubanzi kwihlabathi jikelele.Kwimimandla eshinyeneyo neyeetropikhi enemvula eninzi kunye nemozulu epholileyo, umonakalo we-root-knot nematode uyingozi kakhulu.

Ekubeni izifo ezininzi ze-nematode zivela kwiingcambu zezityalo, kunzima ukusebenzisa amayeza okubulala izitshabalalisi.Kwaye kulula kakhulu ukuba izizukulwana zigqithe kwiindawo zokugcina izityalo, ezenzeka kakhulu, ngoko ke i-root-knot nematodes ngokuqhelekileyo kunzima ukuyilawula.

I-Root-knot nematode inoluhlu olubanzi lweenginginya, kwaye inokutshabalalisa ngaphezu kwama-3000 eentlobo zezidalwa ezinje ngemifuno, izityalo zokutya, izityalo zemali, imithi yeziqhamo, izityalo zokuhombisa kunye nokhula.Emva kokuba imifuno yosulelwe yi-root-knot nematode, izityalo ezingasentla zimfutshane, amasebe kunye namagqabi aphelile okanye aphuzi, ukukhula kuyancipha, umbala wegqabi ukhanya njengokungabikho kwamanzi, ukukhula kwezityalo ezigula kakhulu. buthathaka, izityalo zibuna ngenxa yembalela, kwaye isityalo sonke siyafa kwiimeko ezinzima.

Amayeza esintu abulala izinambuzane anokohlulwa abe zizitshizi kunye nezingamafutha ngokweendlela ezahlukeneyo zokusetyenziswa.

Ifumigant

Ibandakanya i-halogenated hydrocarbons kunye ne-isothiocyanates, kunye ne-nonfumigants ziquka i-organic phosphorus kunye ne-carbamate.I-Methyl bromide kunye ne-chloropicrin yi-halogenated hydrocarbons, enokuthintela i-protein synthesis ye-root knot nematodes kunye ne-biochemical reaction kwinkqubo yokuphefumula;I-Carbosulfan kunye ne-Mianlong zeze-methyl isothiocyanate fumigants, ezinokuthi zithintele ukuphefumla kwe-root knot nematodes ukufa.

Non fumigation uhlobo

Phakathi kwe-nematicides engatshisiyo, i-thiazolphos, i-phoxim, i-phoxim kunyeichlorpyrifoszeze-organic phosphorus, i-carbofuran, i-aldicarb kunye ne-carbofuran zeze-carbamate.Iinematicides ezingezizo ifumigant zitshabalalisa umsebenzi we-nervous system we-root knot nematodes ngokubophelela kwi-acetylcholinesterase kwiisynapse ze-root knot nematodes.Ngokuqhelekileyo azibulali i-root knot nematodes, kodwa zinokwenza kuphela i-root knot nematodes ziphulukane namandla okufumana inginginya kwaye zisuleleke, ngoko zihlala zibizwa ngokuba yi-"nematode paralysis agents".

Okwangoku, azikho ezininzi i-nematicides ezintsha, phakathi kwazo i-fluorenyl sulfone, i-spiroethyl ester, i-bifluorosulfone kunye ne-fluconazole ziinkokeli.Abamectinkunye ne-thiazolophos nazo zisetyenziswa rhoqo.Ukongeza, ngokwemichiza yokutshabalalisa izinambuzane zebhayoloji, iPenicillium lilacinus kunye neBacillus thuringiensis HAN055 ebhaliswe eKonuo nayo inamandla orhwebo.