Iinematodes zezona zilwanyana zininzi emhlabeni, kwaye iinematodes zikhona naphi na apho kukho amanzi emhlabeni.Phakathi kwazo, utyala i-akhawunti ye-parasitic ye-rasitode ye-10%, kwaye ibangela ingozi yokukhula kwesahlulo ngeparasism, yenye yezona zinto zibalulekileyo ezibangela ilahleko enkulu yezolimo kunye namahlathi.Kwindawo yokuxilongwa, izifo ze-imamatode zomhlaba zididekile ngokulula kunye nokunqongophala kwe-fele, umhlaza wengca, i-Clubroot, njl njl.Ukongeza, iingcambu ezibangelwe kukondla i-Namatode zibonelela ngamathuba ezifo ezithwale umhlaba ezinjengentsholongwane, i-slight, i-slight, ikhukuliseko, ikhutshelwe kubunzima bokuthintela kunye nokulawula.

Ngokwengxelo, kwihlabathi liphela, ilahleko yonyaka yoqoqosho ebangelwa ngumonakalo we-nematoode ukuphakama njenge-157 yezigidi zeedola zaseMelika, ezithelekiswa nezo zomonakalo wesinambuzane.1/10 yesabelo sentengiso seziyobisi, kusekho indawo enkulu.Apha ngezantsi kukho ezinye zeemveliso ezisebenzayo zokunyanga i-nematode ..

1.1 i-fosthiyate

I-fosthiyate yi-organophorius i-ortimatis i-nematicidea eyona ndlela iphambili yentshukumo kukungathi i-synthelic ye-acetyllinesteraterate ye-nued-kmamatode.Inepropathi yenkqubo kwaye inokusetyenziselwa ukulawula iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zeengcambu zengcambu.Kuba i-thiazophosphine yaphuhliswa yaza yaveliswa nguIshihara, eJapan ngo-1991, ibhalisiwe kumazwe amaninzi nakwimimandla efana neYurophu kunye ne-United States.Ukusukela ukungena eChina ngo-2002, i-fosthiate iye yaba yimveliso ebalulekileyo kulawulo lwe-nematode yomhlaba e-China ngenxa yesiphumo sayo esihle kunye nokusebenza kweendleko eziphezulu.Kulindelwe ukuba ihlale iyona mveliso iphambili yokulawulwa kwe-nematode yomhlaba kwiminyaka embalwa ezayo.Ngokwedatha evela kwi-China Essistide yenethiwekhi ye-China, nge-20 kaJanuwari, kukho amalungiselelo abhalisiweyo angama-15 abhalisiweyo, ebandakanya ukwenziwa kwamanye ama-EMulSSISION, nokubandakanya amanzi, ebandakanya i-microsulsion, kunye ne-microcapsule.Ukumiswa kwearhente, iarhente enyibilikayo, into ehlanganisiweyo ikakhulu i-Abiatectrin.

I-fosthiyate isetyenziswa ngokudibeneyo kunye ne-amino-oligoscharins, i-algic acid, i-amino acid, i-acid acid, njl njl.Iya kuba licala elibalulekileyo lokuphuhliswa kwemveliso kwixesha elizayo.Izifundo zeZheng Huo et al.Ibonisile ukuba i-nematicided ye-tiazophosphine kunye ne-Amino-Oligokaniriririririridirins inefuthe lokulawula ii-citrus kunye ne-icibratode yomhlaba kunye nefuthe elinomhlaba olawulayo, kunye nefuthe lokulawula ngaphezulu kwe-80%.Ingaphezulu kwe-thriazophosphine kunye ne-Amino-Oligokanigoccharinsin yodwa, kwaye ineziphumo ezingcono zokukhula kwengcambu kunye nomthi wokuphola umthi.

1.2 Abakin

I-Abiateckin yi-macrocreclic i-macrocleclic ye-macroclecc edityanisiweyo ye-Insecticidal, i-Acididal kunye ne-nemicidal, kwaye iphumelele injongo yokubulala izinambuzane zokukhupha iesile.I-Abimana ibulala i-imatode kwi-crop rhizosphere kunye nomhlaba ikakhulu ngokubulawa kwabantu.Ukusukela nge-20 kaJanuwari ukuya kwengama-2022, inani leemveliso ze-ABEAMECCIN zangee-Aberin zimalunga ne-1,900, kwaye ngaphezulu kwe-100 zibhalisiwe kulawulo lwee-nematode.Phakathi kwazo, ukudibanisa kwe-Abiateckin no-Thiazophosphine kufezekisile izibonelelo zokusebenza kwaye kube yindlela ebalulekileyo yophuhliso.

Phakathi kweemveliso ezininzi ze-Abimerin, ofuna ukugxila kwi-Abiateckin B2.I-Abimerin B2 ibandakanya izinto ezimbini eziphambili ezinje nge-B2A ne-B2B, B2B inkulu kakhulu, i-B2B iyonke, ityhefu, ityhefu iphantsi kune-B1, ityhefu incitshisiwe , kwaye ukusetyenziswa kukhuselekile kwaye kunobuhlobo obukhulu ngakumbi.

Uvavanyo luye lwangqina ukuba i-B2, njengemveliso entsha ye-Abimaten, yeyona nto ibaluleke kakhulu, kwaye i-sumaticional yenambuzane yayo yahlukile kule b1.Thoba i-nematode isebenza kakhulu kwaye inamathemba amakhulu kwintengiso.

1.3 I-Fluopyram

I-Fluopyram yi-componing yenkqubo ephuhliswe yiNzululwazi ye-Bayer Crop, enokuthi ithintele i-conping chain ye-nematode i-nematode mitochondria, ekhokelela kumgangatho wokuqhubela phambili kwiiseli ze-nematode.I-Fluopyram ibonisa ukuhamba okwahlukileyo emhlabeni kunezinye iintlobo, kwaye zinokusasazwa ngokuthe ngcembe kwaye zinokusasazeka kancinci kwaye ngokulinganayo kumda we-Rhizosphere, ukukhusela inkqubo yeengcambu ukusuka ngempumelelo kwaye ixesha elide.

1.4 I-tluaziaindolizine

I-Tluaziaindoliize i-pyrimidalisole i-pyrimididalisole (okanye i-Sulfonamide) i-Nemigant i-nematicide iphuhliswe yiCorteva, isetyenziselwa imifuno, imithi yeziqhamo, iitapile, iingcambu, icuba, zinokusebenza ngokufanelekileyo Ukulawulwa kwengcambu ye-tobacco yeengcambu-kmati ye-knot, i-potato stem i-nematode, i-soybean cyst inimatode, i-strawberry slippes, i-pine ye-pine ye-nematode, i-pine i-pine i-nematodes, njl.

Shwankathela

Ulawulo lwe-NEMATODE yidabi elibonakalayo.Kwangelo xesha, ulawulo lwe-nematode akufuneki luxhomekeke kumlo ngamnye.Kuyimfuneko ukwenza isicombululo sothintelo kunye nokulawula ukudibanisa ukhuseleko lwezityalo, ukuphuculwa komhlaba, ukutyala, kunye nolawulo lwentsimi.Kwixesha elifutshane, ulawulo lwekhemikhali lelona lizwe libalulekileyo lokulawula kunye neziphumo ezizeleyo;Ethubeni, ulawulo lwebhayoloji luya kufezekisa ukukhula ngokukhawuleza.Ukukhawulezisa uphando kunye nophuhliso lwezinto ezintsha zokubulala izitshabalalisi, ukuphucula umgangatho wokulungisa, ukwanda kweenzame zokuthengisa, nokwenza umsebenzi olungileyo ekuphuhlisweni nasekusebenziseni iingxaki zokunganyangeki kwezinye izinto ezahlukeneyo.