Maererano nemishumo yehurumende, makemikari anoshandiswa mukurima kwekotoni ndiyo inonyanya kukonzera kurasikirwa kwemashizha emuti munzvimbo dzepakati nekumadokero kweNew South Wales, uye inogona kutyisidzira hutano hwevanhu.
Chirevo chenyanzvi yehunyanzvi kubva kuNew South Wales Dhipatimendi reIndasitiri ndiyo yekutanga kuongororwa kwakarongeka kwechiitiko ichi.Chiitiko ichi chinotungamira kuNarrome, pedyo neTarangi neWarren, kumaodzanyemba kusvika kuDarlington Point pedyo neHailin nekuchamhembe Vafudzi munharaunda yeBurke vakavhiringidzika.
Ambuya vaBruce Maynard naambuya vakadyara miti yepepper paNarromine Golf Course muma1920s, uye anotenda kuti miti iyi yakafa kubva pakusangana nemakemikari akapfapfaidzwa paminda yekotoni iri pedyo.
Zanthoxylum bungeanum chirimwa chinogara chakasvibira.Mamwe marudzi eucalyptus anorasa mashizha gore negore.Izvi zvinopindirana nevarimi vedonje vachishandisa mupurisa wemuchadenga kuti mbesa dzibvise mashizha, izvo zvinomutsa kushushikana nezvedzimwe njodzi dzinogona kuitika pakusangana nekemikari iyi.
Asi pamabhandi edonje muhurumende, spray drift inogona kunge iri chikonzero chekuputika kwemuti, izvo zvakonzera kukakavara.Meya weNarromine, VaCraig Davies, avo vaimbove kambani yekupfapfaidza, vanoti mashizha akadonha akakonzerwa nekusanaya kwemvura.
Sangano reNew South Wales Environmental Protection Agency rakagara richiudza mumhan’ari kuti nzira chete yekuratidza kuti kudonha kwepfapfaidzo ndiyo honzeri yekurasika kwemashizha emhando dzisina kunangwa ndeyekuyedza mukati memazuva maviri ekupfapfaidza, izvo zvinogona kunge zvisati zvaitika zviratidzo. .
Nekudaro, iyo New South Wales Dhipatimendi reIndasitiri shumo yakawanikwa neThe Herald pasi peRusununguko rweRuzivo Act yakagumisa muna Chivabvu 2018 kuti kurasikirwa kwemashizha "hazvina zvachose mhedzisiro yemamiriro ekunze (sekusanaya kwemvura kwenguva refu)".
“Zvimwe izvi zvakakonzerwa nekupfapfaidza kukuru.Kuchinja kwetembiricha kwakakonzera kuti makemikari akanaka afambe kupfuura zvaitarisirwa.Kune dzimwe nzvimbo dzisina kurima donje, zviratidzo zvemiti yemhiripiri hazvisi pachena.”
Njodzi dzekudonha kwespray dzinosanganisira: kupokana pakati pemapoka evarimi, mukana wekutora matanho emutemo, mukana wekuti vanhu vatengese zvigadzirwa zvekurima zvine zvisaririra, uye kukanganisa pahutano hwevanhu, nekuti "makemikari zvinhu zvine mhedzisiro isingazivikanwe, kunyanya Yenguva refu yakaderera- kuratidzwa kwedose".Chirevo ichi chinokurudzira kuyananisira kwenharaunda kunotungamirwa nemunhu akazvimirira kuti aderedze kusagadzikana munharaunda uye kuderedza kunyura mumwaka unotevera.
Maynard akati: “Miti yemhiripiri inoratidza uchapupu hwakajeka hwokuti tiri kusangana nechimwe chinhu gore negore, munharaunda dzedu dzose nemataundi.”“Mukufamba kwenguva, izvi zvinosanganisira zvinhu zviviri: utano nebhizimisi redu.Nekuti takatarisana nenjodzi dzisingadzoreki. "
Chirevo chacho hachina kutaura nezvemakemikari anogona kutsauka kubva pane chinangwa.Defoliants yedonje inosanganisira clothianidin, metformin uye dilong, izvo zvine chekuita nekuparadzwa kweGreat Barrier Reef uye zvakarongerwa kukanzurwa muEU kutanga munaGunyana.
Grazier Colin Hamilton (Grazier Colin Hamilton) akataura kuti apo vaifanira kuzivisa kuti mafuro acho akanga asina zvinosvibisa, mashizha anodonha aiita kuti vagadziri venyama yemombe vaome nokuti pakanga pasina chibvumikiso chokuvapo kwekemikari, asi ufakazi hwakaratidza kuti hachisi chokwadi.
Hamilton akati: "Asi pedyo nekumba, vanhu vazhinji munharaunda yedu vanonwa mvura inonaya kubva padenga.""Zvinogona kukanganisa hutano hwevanhu."
Zvisinei, Adam Kay, mukuru mukuru weCotton Australia, akati pakanga pasina “humbowo” hwokuti mishonga yezvipembenene ndiyo yakakonzera kudonha kwemashizha.Kudzivirira kupfapfaidza kukukurwa kubva pachinangwa ndiro basa rekutanga rekurima kwese kuona kuchengetedzwa kwenharaunda nenharaunda.
Kay akati: “Kubvira muna 1993, kushandiswa kwe<em>biotechnology uye kudzora zvipembenene mudonje kwakaderedza kushandiswa kwemishonga yezvipembenene ne95%.
Leslie Weston, purofesa webiology yezvirimwa paCharles Sturt University, anotsigirawo gakava rameya rekuti kusanaya kwemvura kunowanzokonzerwa.Mimwe miti yakakanganisika iri makiromita gumi kubva papurazi redonje riri pedyo.
Muzvinafundo Weston akati: “Ini pachangu handifunge kuti mushonga wesora uyu uchauraya miti kunze kwekunge yaganhurana nemunda nekuipfapfaidza kunze kwenzvimbo, ichibvumira kutorwa kwemidzi kana kutamiswa kubva panhungirwa."Kana kukuvara kwesora kwakapararira, Vanhu vanowanzoona citrus iri pedyo kana zvimwe zvinomera zvinogara zvichikuvadzwa."
New South Wales Environmental Protection Agency yakataura kuti mumakore maviri apfuura, yakaita bvunzo nhatu dzezvinomera nemvura munzvimbo dzeNarromine neTrangie, uye hapana mishonga yezvipembenene yakawanikwa, asi zvakakosha zvikuru pakunyunyuta kwekupfapfaidza zvakanyanya mukati memazuva maviri. , Nokuti zvakasara zvichaparara nokukurumidza..
Mutauriri weEPA akati: "EPA yakavimbisa kuita pre-spray uye post-spray ongororo mumwaka unotevera wekupfapfaidza kuti vatarise mamiriro ezvinomera uye kuunganidza masample echirimwa kuti aongororwe mushure mekupfapfaidza."
Pakutanga uye kupera kwezuva rega rega, nhau dzakanyanya kukosha, ongororo uye ruzivo zvichaunzwa kubhokisi rako rekutumira.Saina tsamba ye "Sydney Morning Herald" pano, pinda mutsamba ye "Nguva" pano, uye pinda mu "Brisbane Times" pano.