Plant growth regulators (PGRs), inozivikanwawo sehomoni dzezvirimwa, zvinhu zvemakemikari zvinokanganisa zvakanyanya kukura nekukura kwezvirimwa.Aya makomisheni anogona kunge achingoitika kana kuti akagadzirwa kuti atevedzere kana kukanganisa mahomoni ezvirimwa.

 

Mabasa uye Kukosha Kwezvinomera Kukura Regulators

PGR inogadzirisa huwandu hwakawanda hwemaitiro emuviri muzvirimwa, kusanganisira:

Cell Division uye Elongation: Ivo vanodzora mwero wekuparadzaniswa kwesero uye kureba, zvichipesvedzera zvakananga kukura kwechirimwa.
Kusiyanisa: PGR inobatsira mukugadzirwa kwemasero muzvikamu zvakasiyana-siyana uye nhengo.
Dormancy uye Kumera: Vanotamba mabasa akakosha mumbeu dormancy uye kumera maitiro.
Kutumbuka uye Kubereka: PGR inoronga nguva uye kuumbwa kwemaruva nemichero.
Mhinduro kune Environmental Stimuli: Vanogonesa zvidyarwa kuti zvipindure kune shanduko yezvakatipoteredza sechiedza, simba rinokwevera zvinhu pasi, uye kuwanikwa kwemvura.
Stress Responses: PGR inobatsira zvidyarwa kurarama nemamiriro ekushushikana sekusanaya kwemvura, munyu, uye kurwiswa kwehutachiona.

 

Kushandiswa kwePlant Growth Regulators:

Plant growth regulators anoshandiswa zvakanyanya mukurima uye horticulture.Vanowedzera kana kushandura kukura kwechirimwa nekusimudzira kusimudzira goho, kunaka, uye kusagadzikana kwekusagadzikana.Zvishandiso zvinoshanda zvinosanganisira:

Kukurudzira Kukura Kwemidzi: Auxins inoshandiswa kukurudzira kukura kwemidzi mukucheka.
Kudzora Kuibva Kwemichero: Ethylene inoshandiswa kuwiriranisa kuibva kwemichero.
Kuwedzera Goho: Gibberellins inogona kuiswa kuwedzera saizi yemichero nemiriwo.
Kudzora Kukura Kwekudyara: Mamwe maPGR anoshandiswa kudzora saizi yezvinoshongedzwa zvirimwa nezvirimwa, zvichiita kuti zviwedzere kutarisika.

 

Mhando dzeKukura Kwezvirimwa Regulators:

Pane zvikamu zvishanu zvikuru zvezvinodzora kukura kwezvirimwa:

Auxins: Kurudzira kureba kwedzinde, kukura kwemidzi, uye kusiyanisa.Vanobatanidzwa mukupindura kuchiedza negiravhiti.
Gibberellins (GA): Kurudzira kureba kwedzinde, kumera kwembeu, uye kutumbuka.
Cytokinins: Kurudzira kupatsanurwa kwesero uye kuumbwa kwepfuti, uye kunonoka mashizha senescence.
Ethylene: Inokonzera kuibva kwemichero, kusvava kwemaruva, uye kudonha kwemashizha;inopindurawo kune mamiriro ekunetseka.
Abscisic Acid (ABA): Inodzivisa kukura uye inokurudzira mbeu dormancy;inobatsira zvirimwa kupindura kune zvinonetsa mamiriro sekusanaya kwemvura.

 

Anowanzo Kushandiswa Plant Growth Regulators:

Brassinolide
Basa: Brassinolide imhando yebrassinosteroid, kirasi yemahomoni ezvirimwa anokurudzira kuwedzera kwesero uye kurebesa, kuwedzera kuramba kushushikana kwezvakatipoteredza, uye kunatsiridza kukura kwechirimwa nekukura.
Zvishandiso: Inoshandiswa kusimudzira goho nemhando, kuwedzera kushivirira kuhutachiona, uye kunatsiridza kukura kwechirimwa mumamiriro ekushushikana.

Cloruro de Mepiquat (Mepiquat Chloride)
Basa: Mepiquat chloride inogadzirisa kukura kwechirimwa iyo inhibits gibberellin biosynthesis, zvichiita kuti dzinde kureba kwedzinde uye kuwedzera kukura kwechirimwa.
Zvishandiso: Inowanzo shandiswa mukugadzira donje kudzora kureba kwechirimwa, kuderedza pekugara (kudonha), uye kuwedzera kukura kwebhoro.Inobatsira mukuvandudza goho uye goho.

Gibberellic Acid (GA3)
Basa: Gibberellic acid ihomoni yechirimwa inosimudzira kureba kwedzinde, kumera kwembeu, kutumbuka, uye kukura kwemichero.
Zvishandiso: Inoshandiswa kutyora dormancy yembeu, kukurudzira kukura muzvirimwa zvidiki, kuwedzera kukura kwemichero mumazambiringa nemacitrus, uye kunatsiridza kumera mubhari.

Indole-3-Acetic Acid (IAA)
Basa: Indole-3-acetic asidhi inongoitika yakasikwa auxin inodzora zvakasiyana-siyana zvekukura kwezvirimwa, kusanganisira kupatsanurwa kwesero, kurebesa, uye kusiyanisa.
Zvishandiso: Inoshandiswa kusimudzira kuumbwa kwemidzi mukucheka, kuwedzera kugadzika kwemichero, uye kutonga maitiro ekukura muzvirimwa.Inoshandiswawo mumatishu tsika kukurudzira kupatsanurwa kwesero uye kukura.

Indole-3-Butyric Acid (IBA)
Basa: Indole-3-butyric acid ndiyo imwe mhando yeauxin inonyanya kushanda mukukurudzira midzi yekutanga nekusimudzira.
Zvishandiso: Inowanzoshandiswa sehomoni yemidzi mune horticulture kukurudzira kuumbwa kwemidzi mukucheka kwemiti.Inoshandiswawo kuvandudza kumisikidzwa kwezvirimwa zvakasimwa uye kuwedzera kukura kwemidzi mumahydroponic system.

Kuchengetedzwa kweMiti Inokura Regulators:

Kuchengetedzeka kwezvinomera zvinokura zvinoenderana nerudzi rwavo, kutarisisa, uye nzira yekushandisa.Kazhinji, kana ichishandiswa zvinoenderana negwara uye kurudziro, PGRs yakachengeteka kune zvidyarwa nevanhu.Nekudaro, kushandiswa zvisina kunaka kana kuwedzeredza kunogona kutungamirira kune zvakaipa:

Phytotoxicity: Kushandisa mishonga yakawandisa kunogona kukuvadza zvirimwa, zvichikonzera kukura kusina kujairika kana kufa.
Environmental Impact: Runoff ine PGRs inogona kukanganisa zvidyarwa zvisina chinangwa uye tupukanana.
Hutano Hwevanhu: Kubata kwakaringana uye matanho ekudzivirira akakosha kudzivirira njodzi dzinogona kuitika kune hutano hwevanhu.
Masangano anodzora akaita seEnvironmental Protection Agency (EPA) muUnited States uye masangano akafanana pasi rose anoona nezvekushandiswa kwakachengeteka kwePGRs kuona kuti haaise njodzi huru kana akashandiswa nemazvo.

 

Mhedziso:

Zvidyarwa zvekukura zvigadziriso maturusi akakosha mukurima kwemazuva ano uye horticulture, zvichibatsira mukutonga nekusimudzira kukura kwezvirimwa nekusimudzira.Kana vakashandiswa nemazvo, vanopa akawanda mabhenefiti akadai sekuwedzera goho, kuvandudzwa kwemhando, uye nani kusagadzikana kusagadzikana.Nekudaro, manejimendi akangwarira akakosha kudzivirira zvinogona kukanganisa zvinokonzeresa pazvirimwa, nharaunda, uye hutano hwevanhu.