University of Pennsylvania Park-Chikwata chepasi rose chevatsvakurudzi chakati madzimai ekuAsia ane nyanga refu anoradzika maitiro epheromone pamusoro pemuti kuti akwezve varume kunzvimbo yavo.Kuwanikwa uku kunogona kutungamirira mukugadzirwa kwechishandiso chekugadzirisa ichi chinoparadza chipembenene, chinokanganisa dzinenge 25 miti yemiti muUnited States.
Kelly Hoover, purofesa wezvezvipembenene paPenn State University, akati: “Tinoonga zvinyamututa zveAsia zvine nyanga refu, zviuru zvemiti yemiti yakaoma zvakatemwa muNew York, Ohio, uye Massachusetts, mizhinji yacho miporo.“Isu takazviwana.Pheromone inogadzirwa nevakadzi verudzi urwu inogona kushandiswa kudzora tupukanana. "
Vatsvakurudzi vakazviparadzanisa uye vakacherechedza makemikari mana kubva kune zvinyorwa zvepakutanga uye kukwira kweAsia kwenguva refu-horned beetles (Anoplophora glabripennis), hapana imwe yadzo yakawanikwa mune zvinyorwa zvevarume.Vakaona kuti pheromone trail ine zvikamu zviviri zvikuru-2-methyldocosane uye (Z) -9-triecosene-uye zvikamu zviviri zviduku-(Z) -9-pentatriene uye (Z) -7-pentatriene.Chikwata chetsvakiridzo chakaonawo kuti mutsara wega wega wetsoka waive nezvikamu zvina zvemakemikari aya, kunyangwe huwandu uye huwandu huchasiyana zvichienderana nekuti mukadzi imhandara here kana kuti akabatwa uye zera remukadzi.
Takaona kuti vakadzi vekare havaizotanga kuburitsa huwandu hwakakwana hwemusanganiswa wepheromone-kureva kuti, chiyero chakakodzera chemakemikari mana kune mumwe nemumwe-kusvikira vasvitsa mazuva makumi maviri ekuzvarwa, izvo zvinoenderana nenguva yavanenge vabereka," Hoover. akati “Pashure pokunge hadzi yabuda mumuti wePhyllostachys, zvinotora anenge mavhiki maviri kuti idye pamapazi nemashizha isati yakandira mazai.
Vatsvakurudzi vakaona kuti kana vakadzi vakabudisa chikamu chakakodzera uye huwandu hwepheromone ndokuisa pamusoro pavanenge vachifamba, zvichiratidza kuti vanobereka, varume vanouya.
Hoover akati: “Chinofadza ndechokuti kunyange zvazvo pheromone ichikwezva varume, inodzinga mhandara.”"Iyi inogona kunge iri nzira yekubatsira vakadzi kuti vadzivise kukwikwidzana."
Mukuwedzera, vatsvakurudzi vakadzidza kuti vakadzi vakakura mune zvepabonde vacharamba vachibudisa muswe pheromone mushure mekubatana, izvo zvavanotenda kuti zvinobatsira kune vose varume nevakadzi.Maererano nemasayendisiti, nokuramba vachibudisa mapheromone pashure pokusangana, hadzi dzinogona kufurira mukono mumwe chetewo kuti dzibatane zvakare, kana kuti kuita kuti dzimwe rume dzibatane nadzo.
Melody Keener, nyanzvi inoongorora zvipembenene paNorthern Research Station ye Forest Service yeUnited States Department of Agriculture, akati: “Vanhukadzi vanobatsirwa nokusangana kakawanda, uye vangabatsirwawo nokusvimhana nomurume kwenguva refu nokuti maitiro aya. kuwedzera.Mukana wekuti mazai ayo achabereka.”
Kusiyana neizvi, murume anobatsirwa nokuva nechokwadi chokuti urume hwake chete ndihwo hwashandiswa kubatanidza zai romukadzi, zvokuti majini ake bedzi ndiwo anopfuudzwa kuchizvarwa chinotevera.
Hoover akati: “Zvino, tine ruzivo rwakawanda pamusoro penhevedzano yemaitiro akaoma kunzwisisa, pamwe chete nekemikari uye zviratidzo zvinooneka uye zviratidzo zvinobatsira vakwanyina kuwana uye kubatsira vanhurume kuwana hadzi zvakare pamuti kuti dzidzivirire kune vamwe.Kushungurudzwa nevarume."
Zhang Aijun, nyanzvi yemakemikari kuUS Dhipatimendi Rezvekurima Zvekurima Resevhisi, Beltsville Agricultural Research Center, Invasive Insect Biological Control uye Behavior Laboratory, akataura kuti ese mana maperomone mativi akagadzirwa uye akaongororwa murabhoritari bioassays nemaitiro ayo ekuita.Synthetic trace pheromone inogona kubatsira mukubata nezvipembenene zvinopinda mumunda.Zhang akaparadzanisa, akacherechedza uye akagadzira pheromone.
Hoover akati: “Chimiro chepheromone chakagadzirwa chinogona kushandiswa pamwe chete nehowa, uye Ann Hajek ari kuchidzidza paCornell University.”“Funga uhu hunogona kumwaiwa.Pamiti, kana zvipembenene zvikafamba pairi, zvinotora uye kuuraya uye kuuraya fungi.Nokushandisa mapheromones anoshandiswa nezvipembenene zvechikadzi kukwezva varume, tinogona kufungira zvipembenene zvechirume kuti zvivauraye.Inouraya fungicides pane Vakadzi vanopfuma. "
Chikwata chinoronga kuenderera mberi nekudzidza nekuyedza kuona kuti isrogen inogadzirwa sei mumuviri wemunhu, kuti murume anogona kuona sei pheromone, kwenguva yakareba sei iyo pheromone inogona kuramba ichionekwa pamuti, uye kana zvichikwanisika kuyananisa mamwe maitiro mukati. dzimwe nzira.The pheromone.Mishonga iyi.
Dhipatimendi reUnited States rekurima, Agricultural Research Service, Forest Service;Alphawood Foundation;Horticultural Research Institute yakatsigira tsvagiridzo iyi.
Vamwe vanyori vebepa vanosanganisira Maya Nehme wekuLebanon University;Peter Meng, mudzidzi akapedza kudzidza mune entomology paPennsylvania State University;uye Wang Shifa weNanjing Forestry University.
Asian longhorn beetle inowanikwa kuAsia uye inokonzera kurasikirwa kukuru kwemumvuri wepamusoro-soro uye miti yemiti.Muchikamu chakaunzwa muUnited States, inofarira maple.
Zvipembenene zvechikadzi zveAsia zvinogona kubatsirwa kubva mukusangana kwakawanda kana kusangana nemurume kwenguva yakareba, nekuti maitiro aya anowedzera mukana wemazai avo kubereka.