Kudzora makemikari matsva, kuwedzera kurwisa zvipembenene uye kudzoreredza chibage rootworm kushushikana ndezvimwe zvezvinhu zvinoita kuti 2020 rive gore rinonyanya kudiwa rekutonga kwezvipembenene, uye zvinhu izvi zvinogona kuramba zviripo muna 2021.
Sezvo varimi nevatengesi vanotarisana nematambudziko aya, Sam Knott, mutariri wembesa weAtticus LLC wepakati peUS, anoona kuti vanopindura zvishoma kune reactive uye yechipiri mishonga yezvipembenene, nepo yakarongwa nzira iri More.
Knott akati: "Apo maitiro uye makemikari anogona kubatanidzwa kupa varimi zvirongwa zvekudzivirira bulletproof muna 2021," akawedzera kuti akaona zvakanyanya kushandiswa kwe-in-ditch insecticides.Dzivirirai zvipembenene zvechipiri zvakaita senematodes uye rub.
Nessler akawanawo kuti nekuda kwezvakasiyana zvinhu, kudiwa kwemishonga yegeneric (kusanganisira pyrethroids, bifenthrin uye imidacloprid) kuri kuwedzera.
“Ndinofunga kuti dzidzo yevarimi haisati yamboitika.Varimi vazhinji vanofambira mberi vanonzwisisa zvinoshandiswa neAI zvinoshanda kana musanganiswa zviri nani kupfuura nakare kose.Vari kutsvaga zvigadzirwa zvemhando yepamusoro kubva kune vanovimbika vatengesi vane mitengo inogona kugutsikana zvirinani.Zvavanoda, uye ndipo chaipo apo mishonga yegeneric inogona kunyatsozadzisa zvavanoda uye zvinodiwa nevatengesi zvekusiyanisa nekupa zvigadzirwa zvemhando yepamusoro.
Varimi pavakanyatsoongorora zvavainge vadyarwa, Nick Fassler, maneja weBASF dhipatimendi rekutengesa tekinoroji, akakurudzira ongororo yakadzama yezvipembenene kuti vaone kana danho rehupfumi rakazadzikiswa.Semuenzaniso, kune maaphid, kune 250 aphid pachirimwa paavhareji, uye inodarika 80% yemiti ine hutachiona.
Iye akati: "Kana ukagara uchiferefeta uye huwandu hwevanhu vakagadzikana, kuchengetedza, kana kudzikira, ungatadza kupembedza chikumbiro.""Zvisinei, kana iwe (ukasvika pachikumbaridzo chehupfumi) uri kufunga nezvekurasikirwa kwekugadzira.Nhasi, Hatina zvakawanda "kuenda kunze" kufunga, asi kuri kuongorora matanho ekuchengetedza mukana wemari.Nzendo idzodzo dzokuwedzera dzokuongorora dzinogona kuunza mibayiro zvechokwadi.”
Pakati pezvigadzirwa zvitsva zvezvipembenene zvakavambwa muna 2021, BASF's Renestra ndeye Fastac, premix yepyrethroids, uye yayo nyowani inoshanda Sefina Inscalis inoshanda kurwisa hove.Fassler akati musanganiswa uyu unopa varimi mhinduro inogona kushandiswa kudzora twumbuyu twakawanda nesoyabean aphid inoshingirira kumishonga yechivanhu.Ichi chigadzirwa chakanangana nevarimi vekuMidwest, uko kune kudikanwa kwekurwisa soybean aphid, nyuchi dzeJapan uye zvimwe zvipembenene zvinotsenga.
Mumakore mashomanana adarika, kuderera kwemaitiro, kunyanya kune varimi vechibage, kwakawedzera, kunyanya nekuda kwekuona kuti chibage rootworms chakaderedzwa sekutyisidzira.Asi kukura kuri kuita chibage rootworms muna 2020 kunogona kukonzera varimi nevatengesi kuti vafunge nezve hurongwa hwavo hwegore rinouya.
“Kuvarimi, uku kurova kaviri.Vanochinja kubva papiramidhi kuenda kune imwe nzira yekuita, uye ipapo kumanikidza kukuru uku kunosimuka (kuchikonzera kurasikirwa kwakawanda).Ndinofunga kuti 2020 ichadonha nekuti vanhu vari Kuziva nezvekuchengetedza chibage, kuchekerera, kurasikirwa negoho uye matambudziko egoho zvichawedzera zvakanyanya, ”Meade McDonald, mukuru weNorth American product marketing yeSyngenta pesticides, akaudza CropLife® magazini.
Pamhando ina dzekutengesa dzinogona kushandiswa kurwisa gonye rechibage pasi pevhu nhasi, ese ari mana anoshingirira mumunda.Jim Lappin, director weSIMPAS's portfolio and alliance AMVAC, akataura kuti chikamu che70% chechibage chakarimwa chine chimiro chimwe chete chepasi pevhu, zvichiwedzera kudzvanywa pahunhu ihwohwo.
Lappin akati: “Izvi hazvirevi kuti vanozokundikana nguva dzose, asi zvinoreva kuti vanhu vari kuramba vachiisa pfungwa dzavo pakuita zvimwe chetezvo sepakutanga.”
BASF's Fassler inokurudzira varimi kuti vangwarire kana vachifunga kuderedzwa kwemitengo, nekuti kana midzi yaparara yatanga, hazvigoneke kuigadzirisa mukati mechirimwa.
"Kutaura nenyanzvi dzezvekurima dzemuno nevadyidzani vembeu ndiyo ichave nzira yakanakisa yekunzwisisa kudzvanyirirwa kwezvipembenene zviripo uye kuti ndedzipi huwandu hwevanhu huripo mukutenderera kwechibage-soya kuratidza kwaunoda kuisa hunhu uye nekwaungatengesera kwadzikira," Fassler akakurudzira. .“Kuviga chibage hachisi chinhu chinofadza, hachisi chinhu chatinoda kuti mumwe munhu azvionere.Usati waita sarudzo iyi (kudzikisa mutengo), ndapota ita shuwa kuti watoziva kutengeserana."
Dr. Nick Seiter, mazvikokota wezvipembenene zvepamunda paUniversity of Illinois, akati: “Kuminda yechibage inokonzera kukuvadzwa kwakanyanya kwemakonye echibage muna 2020, nzira yakanakisisa ndeyokuishandura kuva soyabhinzi muna 2021.”Izvo hazvizobvisi kubuda kubva kumunda.Zvipembenene zvinokwanisa kurwisa zvipembenene-kunyanya munzvimbo dzine kusagadzikana kwekuchinja-chinja kwegonye rinochochonya muminda yesoyabhinzi rinobva rafa."Kubva pakuona kwekuramba, chinhu chakanyanya kuipa ndechekuti mushure mekuona kukuvadzwa netsaona kwemunda mugore rapfuura, kuramba kuchidyara chibage chine hunhu hwakafanana."
Seiter akatsanangura kuti kuyera kukuvadzwa kwerootworm mumunda kwakakosha kuti uongorore kana iyo inogarwa rootworm vanhu vangave vachipokana kune chaiyo musanganiswa weBt maitiro.Nekureva, giredhi re 0.5 (hafu ye node yakatemwa) inoonekwa seine kukuvadzwa kusingatarisirwi kune piramidi Bt chibage chirimwa, chinogona kunge chiri humbowo hwekuramba.Akawedzera kuti, yeuka kufunga nezvekugara kwakasanganiswa.
Maneja wedunhu reFMC Corp. Gail Stratman akati kuvandudza kushanda kwegonye rechibage kurwisa maitiro eBt kuri kuita kuti varimi vadzoke uye vafunge nzira dzakasiyana siyana.
"Handigoni kungovimba nemaitiro eBt kuti ndiite zvandinoda;Ndichafanira kufunga nezvese zvipembenene dynamics zvandinoda kubata, ”akadaro Stratman, semuenzaniso, akasanganiswa nechirongwa chekupfapfaidza kudonhedza vanhu vakuru rootworm zvipembenene uye Tonga huwandu hwekubereka.Iye akati: "Nzira iyi ikozvino iri kukurukurwa zvakanyanya.""Kubva kunzvimbo dzakakwirira dzeKansas neNebraska kuenda kuIowa, Illinois, Minnesota nekumhiri, tanga tichiona dambudziko remakonye echibage."
Ethos XB (AI: Bifenthrin + Bacillus amyloliquefaciens strain D747) kubva kuFMC uye Capture LFR (AI: Bifenthrin) zvinhu zviviri zvemishonga yayo yezvipembenene.Stratman akataura nezvemushonga wezvipembenene weSteward EC sechigadzirwa chiri kubuda nekuti unoshanda kurwisa zvipembenene zvakura zvechibage uye twumbuyu twakawanda, ukuwo uchikanganisa tumbuyu tunobatsira.
Mishonga mitsva yezvipembenene yakatangwa neFMC inosanganisira Vantacor, kugadzirwa kwakanyanya kweRynaxypyr.Imwe yacho ndeyeElevest, zvakare inotsigirwa neRynaxypyr, asi nechikamu chakazara chebifenthrin chakawedzerwa kune fomula.Elevest inosimudzira basa rekusarudza kurwisa tumbuyu repidopteran uye inosimudzira huwandu hwezviitiko zvezvipembenene zvinopfuura makumi mana, zvinosanganisira tsikidzi uye zvipembenene zvinodyara zvirimwa zvekumaodzanyemba.
Kubatsira kwevarimi kunotaridza chimiro chezvirimwa zvepagore mumatunhu mazhinji.Strahman akati nekuda kwekuti mitengo yechibage yave kukwira munguva pfupi yapfuura, varimi vangangoona kuwedzera kwezvipembenene zvinosarudza chibage, nepo chibage chekudyara chiri kuramba chichiwedzera."Iri rinogona kunge riri ruzivo rwakakosha kuti iwe uenderere mberi muna 2021. Rangarira zvawakaona mumakore maviri apfuura, chenjerera kuti maitiro anokanganisa sei purazi uye ita sarudzo dzinoenderana nehutungamiriri."
KuWinField United agronomist Andrew Schmidt, makonye uye tupukanana sesirika sezvipembenene zvake uye zvipembenene zvechibage zvinoisa njodzi huru mudunhu rake reMissouri nekumabvazuva kweKansas.Missouri ine minda yechibage shoma, saka matambudziko emidzimu haana kupararira.Mumakore maviri kusvika matatu apfuura, mapod feeder (kunyanya tsikidzi) anga achinetsa zvakanyanya musoya beans, saka timu yake yanga ichisimbisa scouting panguva dzakakosha dzekukura uye kuzadza podhi.
Tundra Supreme inobva kuWinField United uye ndeimwe yezvigadzirwa zvikuru zvinokurudzirwa naSchmidt.Ichi chigadzirwa chine maitiro maviri ekuita (AI: bifenthrin + poisoning rif), uye inogona kudzivirira uye yakasara kudzora zvipembenene zveJapan, tsikidzi, bhinzi bhinzi bhinzi, dzvuku Spider uye akawanda chibage uye soya tumbuyu.
Schmidt akasimbisawo yekambani MasterLock additives semubatsiri wezvigadzirwa-musanganiswa wezvigadzirwa kuti uwane yakanaka kufukidzwa nekupfapfaidza uye kuisa.
“Zvipembenene zvakawanda zvatiri kumwaya soya beans kubva paR3 kusvika paR4 mugotsi.MasterLock ine surfactants uye deposition aids inogona kutibatsira kuunza mishonga yezvipembenene mucanopy.Hazvina mhosva kuti tinoshandisa mushonga wezvipembenene upi, Isu tese tinokurudzira kuushandisa mune ino application kubatsira kudzora tumbuyu uye kuwana kudzoka kurinani pakudyara. "
Ongororo yakawandisa yevatengesi vezvekurima yakaitwa neAMVAC munaGunyana yakaratidza kuti chibage chinotsikirira chibage chechibage chiri muMidwest uye Northwest Midwest chichawedzera ne2020, zvichiratidza kuti ivhu rechibage rakawanda richashandiswa muna 2021. Zvipembenene zvinodzinga.
Mutengesi wezvekurima akaita ongororo mukubvunzurudzwa kwepamhepo uye parunhare uye akafananidza kudzvanywa kwe rootworm muna 2020 nekumanikidzwa muna 2012. Kubva ipapo, kubva 2013 kusvika 2015, kushandiswa kwemishonga yezvipembenene kwevhu kwakawedzera nemwaka mitatu.
Kupukunyuka kwemasora mumwaka wa2020 kuchawedzera, zvichipa mamwe matsime echikafu nenzvimbo dzekugara dzenzvimbo dzekuberekesa.
Lappin akataura kuti: “Kuparadza sora kwegore rino kuchava nepesvedzero pasimba rezvipembenene gore rinouya.”Yakasanganiswa nemitengo yechibage chakakwirira uye zvimwe zvinhu, zvinotarisirwa kuti kutonhora kwechando kuchawedzera mararamiro ehupenyu hwemazai uye kuwedzera kupikisa maitiro eBt, iyo inosimbisa iyo inotevera Inogoneka yekuwedzera kushandiswa kwechibage chezvipembenene munguva ino.
“Chikumbaridzo chekurapa makonye echibage chiyero chebete hadzi rimwe pachirimwa chimwe chete.Tichifunga kuti kune zvirimwa 32 000 paeka, kunyangwe zvikamu zvishanu kubva muzana zvezvipembenene izvi zvikakandira mazai uye mazai aya anogona kurarama, muchiri kutaura nezvezviuru nezviuru paeka Strain.”Lappin akadaro.
Mishonga yezvipembenene yechibage yeAMVAC inosanganisira Aztec, iyo inotungamira chibage rootworm brand neIndex, mvura yeimwe chibage rootworm pellet product alternatives, pamwe neForce 10G, Counter 20G uye SmartChoice HC - zvese izvi zvinogona kusanganiswa neSmartBox+ Shandisa uye shandisa neSmartCartridges.Iyo SIMPAS yakavharwa application system ichasimudzirwa zvizere mumusika wechibage muna 2021.
Maneja wemusika wechibage weAMVAC, soya beet uye sugar beet, Nathaniel Quinn (Nathaniel Quinn) akati: “Varimi vakawanda vanoona kuti vanoda kuwedzera kudzora kwavanoti ndiko kukohwewa kwegoho repamusoro.”Kugona kushandisa mishonga yezvipembenene nenzira dzakasiyana kungabatsira, uye AMVAC inopa sarudzo idzi.Kana uchifunga nezvemaitiro ekushandisa, SIMPAS inoita kuti varimi vape hunhu hwakanakisa, mishonga yezvipembenene, uye zvimwe zvigadzirwa zveKusvika pagoho rinopa mwero wekutonga unodiwa. "Akawedzera kuti: “Pane basa rakawanda rinofanira kuitwa, asi tekinoroji yatiri kugadzira iri kufambisa kufambira mberi uku.
Jackie Pucci mubatsiri mukuru weCropLife, PrecisionAg Professional uye AgriBusiness Global magazini.Ona nyaya dzese dzevanyori pano.