(Kunze kwemishonga yezvipembenene, Gumiguru 1, 2019) Zvinoenderana neongororo yakaburitswa mu "Chemosphere", fungicides inowanzoshandiswa inogona kukonzera trophic cascade reaction, izvo zvinotungamira mukuwedzeredza kwealgae.Kunyange zvazvo nzira dzemazuva ano dzekudzivirira zvipembenene muUnited States dzichitarisa kutyisa kwemishonga yezvipembenene uye inogona kufunga nezvezvimwe zvisingagumi, kuoma kwepasi rose kunotsanangurwa muchidzidzo ichi hakuna kuongororwa.Mikaha mukuongorora kwedu haingounze mhedzisiro yakaipa kumarudzi ega ega, asiwo kune ecosystem yese.
Vatsvakurudzi vakatsvaga kuti fungal parasites inonzi chytrids inodzora sei kukura kwe phytoplankton.Kunyangwe mamwe ma chytrid strains achizivikanwa nemhedzisiro yawo pamhando dzematatya, mamwe anotopa akakosha ekumira mu ecosystem.
Munzveri weIGB Dr. Ramsy Agha akati: “Kupfurikidza nokutapura cyanobacteria, howa inoparadza utachiona huchaganhurira kukura kwahwo, nokudaro ichideredza kuitika uye kukura kwemaruva ane chepfu.”“Kunyange zvazvo tichiwanzofunga nezvechirwere sechinhu chisina kunaka, zvipembenene zvinokosha kune zvipenyu zvemumvura Kushanda zvakanaka kwegadziriro yacho kwakakosha zvikuru, uye munyaya iyi kunogonawo kuva nemigumisiro yakanaka.Vatsvakurudzi vakawedzera kuti kusvibiswa kunokonzerwa nefungicide kunogona kukanganisa maitiro echisikigo aya.
Munzvimbo yerabhoritari, fungicides yezvekurima penbutaconazole uye azoxystrobin yakaedzwa kurwisa cyanobacteria yaive nehutachiona hwechyle uye maruva ane chepfu.Boka rinodzora rakagadzirwawo kuti rienzanise mhedzisiro.Pakutarisisa kunogona kuitika munyika chaiyo, kusangana kweaviri fungicides kunozokonzera kuderedzwa kwakanyanya kwefilarial parasite utachiona.
Migumisiro iyi inoratidza kuti kushandiswa kwefungicides kunogona kukurudzira kukura kwealgae inokuvadza nekudzivisa fungal pathogens, uye fungal pathogens inogona kudzora kukura kwavo.
Aka hakasi kekutanga kuti mishonga yezvipembenene itore chikamu mukuberekana kwealgae inokuvadza.Chidzidzo chakabudiswa mupepanhau Nature muna 2008 chakawana kuti herbicide attriazine inogona kuuraya zvakananga planktonic algae, zvichiita kuti algae yakabatanidzwa ikure kunze kwekutonga.Muchidzidzo ichi, vaongorori vakawana zvimwe zvinokanganisa padanho reecosystem.Kukura kwealgae yakabatanidzwa kunotungamirira kukuwedzera kwehuwandu hwehozhwa, iyo inogona kukanganisa amphibian parasites.Nekuda kweizvozvo, hozhwa dzakawanda uye huwandu hwehutachiona hwepamusoro hunotungamirira kuhuwandu hwehutachiwana hwehutachiwana muhuwandu hwematatya emunharaunda, izvo zvinotungamirira kuderera kwehuwandu.
Beyond Pesticides iri kushanda kusimudzira ruzivo rwezvisinganzwisisike asi zvakakosha ecosystem-level mhedzisiro yekushandiswa kwemishonga.Sezvatakataura muchidzidzo chakaburitswa svondo rapfuura, chidzidzo ichi chakafungidzira kuti shiri dzinosvika mabhiriyoni matatu dzakarasika kubva muna 1970, dzinotora 30% yehuwandu hweUS.Chirevo hachingori mushumo weshiri, ndeye , Hookworms uye cad kuderera mishumo, kugadzira chikafu chewebhu-yakavakirwa marudzi.
Sokutaura kwakaita munyori biyake wefundo yacho Dr. Justyna Wolinska: “Sezvo kurimwa nokuzivikanwa kwefungi dzomumvura mumarabhoritari esayenzi kunopfuurira kuvandudzika, nzvero yengozi inofanira kurangarira kushanda kwemishonga yefungi pafungi dzomumvura.”Hazvina kudikanwa chete kutarisa nyaya dzakasimudzwa netsvagurudzo yemazuva ano., Asi zvakare inofanirwa kufunga nezve kupararira kusinganangi kukanganisa kwekushandisa mushonga wezvipembenene.
Kuti uwane rumwe ruzivo nezvekuti zvinokonzeresa mishonga yezvipembenene zvinokanganisa sei chikafu chese chewebhu uye ecosystem, ona Beyond Pesticides.Kushandiswa kwemishonga inouraya zvipembenene kunoisa pangozi mhando huru mumhoteredzo yose yezvipenyu.