Kuva muri Gashyantare, amakuru ajyanye na phenomenon yo gutera ingemwe z'umuhondo, kumisha no gupfa mu murima w'ingano byagaragaye kenshi mu binyamakuru.

1. Impamvu y'imbere bivuga ubushobozi bwibiti by ingano kurwanya ubukonje n amapfa.Niba ubwoko bw'ingano butarwanya ubukonje bukoreshwa muguhinga, ikibazo cyingemwe zapfuye kizabaho byoroshye mugihe gikomeretse.Kwihanganira ubukonje ingemwe z'ingano zabibwe hakiri kare kandi ubwoba bwazo bukaba butandukanye mu mpande ebyiri mbere yuko itumba riba rike, kandi ingemwe akenshi zapfaga bikabije iyo ubukonje bwangiritse.Byongeye kandi, bamwe batinze kubiba ingemwe zidakunze gupfa mugihe habaye ubukonje n’amapfa bitewe nisukari nke yegeranijwe ubwabo.

2. Ibintu byo hanze bivuga ibintu bitandukanye usibye igihingwa cyingano ubwacyo, nkikirere kibi, imiterere yubutaka ningamba zo guhinga zidakwiye.Kurugero, imvura nkeya mu cyi no mu gihe cyizuba, ubuhehere budahagije bwubutaka, imvura nke, shelegi n umuyaga mwinshi ukonje mugihe cyitumba nimpeshyi bizongera amapfa yubutaka, bigatuma ingano zihinga ingano mubutaka hamwe nimpinduka zitunguranye zubushyuhe nubukonje, kandi biganisha kuri ingano physiologique dehdrasiya nurupfu.

Urundi rugero, niba hatoranijwe ubwoko butandukanye nubukonje bukabije hamwe nubutaka butagabanije, ingemwe nazo zipfa mugihe itandukaniro ryubushyuhe ari rinini bitewe nubushyuhe bwubutaka.Byongeye kandi, niba imbuto zabibwe bitinze, zimbitse cyane cyangwa zuzuye, biroroshye gukora ingemwe zidakomeye, zidafasha gutumba neza ingano.Cyane cyane niba ubutaka bwubutaka budahagije, amazi yimbeho ntasukwa, bikaba bishoboka cyane ko byatera urupfu rwingemwe bitewe nubukonje n amapfa.

Hariho ibimenyetso bitatu byingemwe zingano zapfuye:

1. Ingano zose zumye n'umuhondo, ariko sisitemu yumuzi ni ibisanzwe.

2. Gukura muri rusange ingemwe z'ingano mu murima ntabwo ari imbaraga, kandi ibintu byo gukama no guhinduka umuhondo bibera muri flake idasanzwe.Biragoye kubona ahari amababi yicyatsi ahantu humye cyane kandi hijimye.

3. Isonga ryibabi cyangwa ibibabi byumye muburyo bwo gutakaza amazi, ariko ibimenyetso rusange byo gukama no kumuhondo biroroshye.

Ingano ziruma n'umuhondo ahantu hanini.Ninde nyirabayazana?

Gutera bidakwiye

Kurugero, mu majyepfo ya Huanghuai ingano yimbeho, ingano zabibwe mbere na nyuma yikime gikonje (8 Ukwakira), kubera ubushyuhe bwinshi, gifite impamyabumenyi zitandukanye.Bitewe no kunanirwa guhagarika igihe cyangwa kugenzura imiti yumurima wingano, biroroshye guteza ahantu hanini kwangirika kwubukonje mugihe ubushyuhe bugabanutse gitunguranye.Bitewe n'ubushyuhe bwo hejuru, imirima imwe n'ingano ifite amazi n'ifumbire ihagije nabwo ni “ahantu hashobora kwibasirwa cyane” n'ingemwe zimera.Ingano ya Wangchang yinjiye mu cyiciro mbere yo kuryama mu gihe cy'itumba.Nyuma yo kwangirika kwubukonje, irashobora gushingira gusa kubuhinzi kugirango yongere gukora ingemwe zo guhinga, zashyinguye ibyago byinshi byo kugabanuka kwumusaruro wumwaka utaha.Kubwibyo, iyo abahinzi bateye ingano, barashobora kwifashisha imikorere yimyaka yashize, ariko bakerekeza no ku kirere cyaho n’uburumbuke bw’umurima hamwe n’amazi y’uwo mwaka kugira ngo bamenye ingano n’igihe cyo gutera ingano, aho kwihutira gutera hamwe umuyaga.

Ibyatsi gusubira mu murima ntabwo ari siyansi

Nk’uko ubushakashatsi bwabigaragaje, ibintu by’umuhondo by ingano mu byatsi byibigori na soya birakomeye.Ni ukubera ko umuzi w'ingano uhagarikwa kandi umuzi ugafatana n'ubutaka nabi, bikavamo ingemwe nke.Iyo ubushyuhe bugabanutse gitunguranye (kurenza 10 ℃), bizongera ubukonje bwimbuto z ingemwe zingano.Nyamara, imirima yingano ifite ibyatsi bisukuye mumurima, imirima y ingano yahagaritswe nyuma yo kubiba hamwe nimirima yingano hamwe na kamere itagaruka ibyatsi ntibishobora gukama no kuba umuhondo usibye ibintu bitera imbere.

Ibyiyumvo byubwoko butandukanye kubushyuhe

Ntawahakana ko urugero rwo kwihanganira ubukonje bwubwoko bwingano butandukanye.Kubera imyaka ikomeza yubukonje bwinshi, buriwese yitondera cyane ubukonje bwimpeshyi muri Werurwe na Mata.Abahinzi birengagiza imicungire yubukonje bwimbeho bw ingano, cyane cyane uruti rugufi nigiti kinini nkigipimo cyonyine cyo guhitamo imbuto, ariko bakirengagiza izindi mpamvu.Kuva kubiba ingano, byari bimeze nkaho byumye, kandi hejuru yibintu bibi nk'ibyatsi bisubira mu murima no kugabanuka gutunguranye k'ubushyuhe byongereye ikibazo cyo kwangirika k'ubukonje bw'ingano, cyane cyane ku bwoko bumwebumwe bw'ingano ari ntabwo yihanganira ubukonje.

Nigute ushobora kugabanya ubuso bunini bw'ingemwe zumye zumye?

Kugeza ubu, ingemwe z'ingano ziri mu gihe cyo gusinzira, bityo rero nta kamaro ko gufata ingamba zo gukosora nko gutera no gufumbira, ariko mu turere dufite ibihe, kuhira imyaka bishobora gukorwa mu gihe cy'izuba.Iyo ubushyuhe buzamutse nyuma yiminsi mikuru hanyuma ingano zikinjira mugihe cyogusubira icyatsi, kg 8-15 yifumbire ya azote irashobora gukoreshwa kuri mu.Amababi mashya amaze gukura, aside humic cyangwa ifumbire mvaruganda yo mu nyanja + amino oligosaccharide irashobora gukoreshwa mugutera ibiti, bigira ingaruka nziza zifasha mukugarura gukura kwingano.Muri make, ibintu by'ahantu hanini byumye kandi bigahinduka umuhondo w'ingemwe z'ingano biterwa n'impamvu zitandukanye nk'ikirere, ibyatsi ndetse n'igihe cyo kubiba kidakwiriye.

Ingamba zo guhinga zigabanya ingemwe zapfuye

1. Guhitamo ubwoko butarwanya ubukonje no gutoranya ubwoko bufite ubukonje bukabije hamwe no kurwanya ubukonje ni ingamba zifatika zo gukumira ingemwe zapfuye gukonja.Mugihe cyo kumenyekanisha ubwoko, uturere twose tugomba kubanza kumva imiterere yubwoko butandukanye, hitabwa ku musaruro wabyo no kurwanya ubukonje, kandi ubwoko bwatoranijwe bushobora kurokoka imbeho neza byibuze mumyaka myinshi yaho.

2. Kuhira imbuto Kubiba hakiri kare imirima yingano nubutaka budahagije bwubutaka, amazi arashobora gukoreshwa murwego rwo guhinga.Niba uburumbuke bwubutaka budahagije, ifumbire mvaruganda irashobora gukoreshwa muburyo bukwiye kugirango ingemwe zive hakiri kare, kugirango byorohereze imbeho neza.Imicungire yimirima yimbuto yatinze igomba kwibanda ku kuzamura ubushyuhe bwubutaka no kubungabunga ubushuhe.Ubutaka burashobora kurekurwa nubutaka bwo hagati.Ntibikwiye kuvomera mugihe cyingemwe, bitabaye ibyo bizagabanya ubushyuhe bwubutaka kandi bigire ingaruka ku kuzamura no guhindura imiterere y ingemwe.

3. Kuvomera igihe cyizuba no kuhira imyaka birashobora gushiraho ibidukikije byiza byamazi yubutaka, kugenga intungamubiri zubutaka hejuru yubutaka, kuzamura ubushobozi bwubushyuhe bwubutaka, guteza imbere imizi no guhinga, no gutanga ingemwe zikomeye.Kuvomera mu gihe cy'itumba ntabwo bifasha gusa igihe cy'imbeho no kurinda ingemwe, ahubwo binagabanya ingaruka mbi ziterwa no gukonja hakiri kare, kwangirika kw'amapfa no guhinduka k'ubushyuhe bukabije.Ni ingamba zingenzi zo gukumira ingemwe z'ingano mu gihe cy'itumba n'itumba.

Amazi y'itumba agomba gusukwa mugihe gikwiye.Birakwiye gukonjesha nijoro no kugabanuka kumanywa, kandi ubushyuhe ni 4 ℃.Iyo ubushyuhe buri munsi ya 4 ℃, kuhira imbeho bikunda guhagarika ibyangiritse.Kuvomera imbeho bigomba kugenzurwa neza ukurikije ubwiza bwubutaka, imiterere y ingemwe hamwe nubushuhe.Ubutaka bwibumba bugomba gusukwa neza kandi hakiri kare kugirango birinde ubukonje kuko amazi adashobora kunyerera rwose mbere yo gukonja.Ubutaka bwumucanga bugomba kuvomererwa bitinze, kandi hamwe nubutaka butose, ubutaka bwumuceri cyangwa imirima yingano nubutaka bwiza bwubutaka ntibushobora kuvomerwa, ariko imirima yingano hamwe nibyatsi byinshi byagarutse mumurima bigomba kuvomererwa mugihe cyizuba kugirango bijanjagure. ubwinshi bwubutaka no guhagarika udukoko.

4. Guhuza igihe birashobora kumena ubutaka, guhuza ibice, no gutuza ubutaka, kugirango umuzi wingano nubutaka bishobora guhuzwa cyane, kandi bigateza imbere imizi.Byongeye kandi, guhagarika kandi bifite umurimo wo kuzamura no kubungabunga ubushuhe.

5. Gupfukirana neza n'umucanga n'ingano mu gihe cy'itumba birashobora kongera ubujyakuzimu bwinjira mu murima no kurinda amababi hafi yubutaka, kugabanya ububobere bw’ubutaka, kunoza imiterere y’amazi aho guhinga, no kugira uruhare mu kubungabunga ubushyuhe no kurinda ubukonje.Mubisanzwe, gupfukirana nubutaka bwa cm 1-2 z'ubugari birashobora kugira ingaruka nziza zo kurinda ubukonje no kurinda ingemwe.Umusozi wumurima wingano utwikiriwe nubutaka ugomba guhanagurwa mugihe cyizuba, kandi ubutaka buzahanagurwa kumusozi mugihe ubushyuhe bugeze kuri 5 ℃.

Ku moko afite ubukana bukabije, imirima yingano hamwe no kubiba gake hamwe nubushuhe bubi bigomba gutwikirwa nubutaka vuba bishoboka.Mugihe cy'itumba, kuvanga firime ya plastike birashobora kongera ubushyuhe nubushuhe, bikarinda neza kwangirika kwubukonje, guteza imbere imikurire yibihingwa, kongera ibihingwa no guteza imbere iterambere ryabyo mubuhinzi bunini, no kuzamura umuvuduko wo guhinga no gutwi.Igihe gikwiye cyo gutwikira firime ni igihe ubushyuhe bugabanutse kuri 3 ℃.Biroroshye gukura kubusa niba firime itwikiriwe hakiri kare, kandi amababi yoroshye gukonjeshwa niba film yatwikiriwe bitinze.Gutinda kubiba ingano birashobora gutwikirwa na firime ako kanya nyuma yo kubiba.

Ariko, birakwiye ko tumenya ko bibujijwe rwose gutera imiti yica ibyatsi kumurima w ingano byangiritse cyane.Kubijyanye no gutera imiti yica ibyatsi nyuma yiminsi mikuru, ibintu byose biterwa no kugarura ingemwe zingano.Gutera buhumyi ibyatsi byangiza umurima wingano ntabwo byoroshye kwangiza ibyatsi gusa, ahubwo bigira ingaruka zikomeye kumyororokere isanzwe yingemwe zingano.