Gahunda yo kuzunguruka irashobora gufasha abahinzi kwirinda udukoko twica udukoko na acariside gutakaza imbaraga.
Imiti yica udukoko hamwe na acariside iracyakoreshwa mu kugabanya ikibazo cy’udukoko n’udukoko twangiza muri sisitemu yo kubyara pariki.Nyamara, gukomeza kwishingikiriza kumiti yica udukoko na / cyangwa acariside birashobora gutuma umuntu arwanya udukoko hamwe na / cyangwa udukoko twangiza udukoko.Kubwibyo, abahinzi ba pariki bakeneye gusobanukirwa nuburyo bwibikorwa by’udukoko twica udukoko na acariside kugira ngo bategure gahunda yo kuzunguruka igamije kugabanya / gutinda kurwanya imiti yica udukoko.Uburyo bwibikorwa nuburyo udukoko twica udukoko cyangwa acariside bigira ingaruka kuri metabolism na / cyangwa physiologique yudukoko cyangwa mite.Uburyo bwibikorwa byica udukoko twose hamwe na acariside murashobora kubisanga muri komite ishinzwe kurwanya udukoko twica udukoko (IRAC) yiswe “Gahunda ya IRAC Action Mode Classification Scheme” kuri irac-online.org.
Iyi ngingo iraganira ku buryo bwa IRAC bw'itsinda ry'ibikorwa 9 na 29, bakunze kwita “guhitamo ibiryo bigaburira.”Imiti itatu yatoranijwe yo kugaburira imiti yica udukoko ishobora gukoreshwa muri sisitemu yo gutunganya pariki ni: pymetrozine (imbaraga: Kurinda ibihingwa bya Syngenta; Greensboro, NC), flunipropamide (aria: FMC Corp.), Philadelphia, Pennsylvania), na pyrifluquinazon (Rycar: SePRO Corp .; Carmel, Indiana).Nubwo udukoko twica udukoko uko ari dutatu twabanje gushyirwa mu itsinda rya 9 (9A-pymetrozine na pyrifluquinazon; na 9C-flonicamid), flunipropamide yimuriwe ku ya 29 kubera guhuza bitandukanye n’ahantu runaka yakira.itsinda.Muri rusange, ayo matsinda yombi akora kuri chondroitine (reseptor reseptor) hamwe ningingo zumva mu dukoko, zifite inshingano zo kumva, guhuza ibinyabiziga, no kumva uburemere.
Pyrmeazine na pyrflurazine (itsinda rya IRAC 9) bifatwa nkabayobora moderi ya TRPV mubice bya karitsiye.Ibi bikoresho bikora bihungabanya kugenzura irembo rya Nan-lav TRPV (Transient Receptor Potential Vanilla) muguhuza imiyoboro ihuza imiyoboro mu bice byakira reseptor irambura imitsi, ari ngombwa mu kumva no kugenda.Byongeye kandi, kurya nindi myitwarire y’udukoko twangiza bishobora guhungabana.Flunicarmide (itsinda rya IRAC 29) ifatwa nkigenzura ryingingo ya chondroitine hamwe nibibanza bitazwi.Ibikoresho bikora bibuza imikorere ya perichondrium relaxation reseptor organisation ikomeza sensation (urugero, kuringaniza).Flonicamid (itsinda rya 29) itandukanye na pymetrozine na pyrifluquinazon (itsinda rya 9) kuberako fluonicamid idahuza numuyoboro wa Nan-lav TRPV.
Mubisanzwe, guhitamo ibyokurya byatoranijwe (cyangwa inhibitori) nitsinda ryudukoko twica udukoko dufite ingaruka zitandukanye cyangwa uburyo bwumubiri bwibikorwa, bishobora kubuza udukoko kugaburira bibangamira neuromodulation yibihingwa byo mu kanwa.Iyi miti yica udukoko irashobora guhindura imyitwarire muguhagarika cyangwa guhagarika inzira ya probe mumazi yimitsi y'amaraso (phloem sieve) yikimera, kibuza udukoko kubona intungamubiri.Ibyo bitera inzara.
Guhagarika ibiryo byatoranijwe bikora birwanya inyamanswa zimwe na zimwe za floem ziteye ikibazo muri sisitemu yo gutunganya pariki.Harimo aphide nisazi zera.Guhagarika ibiryo byatoranijwe bikora mubikorwa byabana bato nabakuze, kandi bihagarika vuba kugaburira.Kurugero, nubwo aphide ishobora kubaho iminsi ibiri cyangwa ine, bazahagarika kurya mumasaha make.Byongeye kandi, kugaburira guhitamo abahagarika bishobora kubuza ikwirakwizwa rya virusi zitwarwa na aphide.Iyi miti yica udukoko ntabwo ikora kurwanya isazi (Diptera), inyenzi (Coleoptera) cyangwa inyenzi (Lepidoptera).Guhagarika kugaburira guhitamo bifite ibikorwa bya sisitemu hamwe nibikorwa byambukiranya ibice (kwinjira mubice byamababi no gukora ikigega cyibintu bikora mubibabi), kandi birashobora gutanga ibikorwa bisigaye mugihe cibyumweru bitatu.Guhitamo kugaburira udukoko twica udukoko dufite uburozi butaziguye kandi butaziguye inzuki n'abanzi karemano.
Uburyo bwibikorwa byo guhitamo kugaburira guhitamo ntabwo byoroshye gutera kurwanya udukoko mugihe gito.Nyamara, gukoresha igihe kirekire muri ubu buryo bwibikorwa birashobora kugabanya ingaruka zo guhitamo kugaburira udukoko twica udukoko.Kurugero, hashobora kubaho ibibazo bijyanye no kurwanya-kurwanya-udukoko twica udukoko two mu itsinda rya 9 na neonicotinoide (itsinda rya IRAC 4A) udukoko twihanganira (dushingiye ku kurwanya udukoko twica udukoko dutanga icyiciro kimwe cy’imiti na / cyangwa uburyo busa n’ibikorwa).Uburyo bumwe bwo kurwanya ibiyobyabwenge bwo kurwanya ibiyobyabwenge) kubera ko imisemburo nka cytochrome P-450 monooxygenase ishobora guhinduranya imiti yica udukoko.Kubwibyo, abahinzi ba pariki bakeneye gukora neza kandi bagakoresha imiti yica udukoko hamwe nuburyo butandukanye bwibikorwa hagati yabagaburira ibiryo byatoranijwe muri gahunda yo kuzunguruka kugirango birinde ibibazo byose bijyanye no kurwanya ibiyobyabwenge.
Raymond is a professor and extension expert in Horticultural Entomology/Plant Protection in the Entomology Department of Kansas State University. His research and promotion plans involve plant protection in greenhouses, nurseries, landscapes, greenhouses, vegetables and fruits. rcloyd@ksu.edu or 785-532-4750
Mugihe abahinzi bagenda barushaho guhugira mugihe cyizuba, kandi ikosa ryikosa riba rito kandi rito, ni ngombwa cyane cyane kubahinzi kwemeza ko buri gice cyimirimo yabo yo guhinga ari ukuri.Ibi ni ukuri cyane kuborozi bakoresha ibiti bidafite imizi kubyara.
Nk’uko byatangajwe na Dr. Ryan Dickson, impuguke mu kuzamura muri kaminuza ya New Hampshire, ngo ikibazo gikunze kugaragara mu bikorwa bya pariki yo mu mpeshyi ni ugukata cyane.Yavuze ko ibi bivuze guha cyane ibihingwa no kubirandura imburagihe.
Dickson yagize ati: "Iyo ukabije kurenza urugero mu ntangiriro z'umusaruro, birashoboka gukuramo intungamubiri z'ifumbire ku murongo."Ati: “Hariho kandi ibyago byo kwegeranya amazi muri substrate, bigabanya umwuka wa ogisijeni wo gutema kandi ugatinda gushinga imizi.”
Yavuze ati: “Iyo wakiriye ibiti bidafite imizi, igihingwa kiri hafi gupfa.Aka ni akazi kawe.Ugomba kubisubiza mubuzima kandi ukabyara umurongo wo murwego rwohejuru ufite amahirwe menshi kumurimyi utaha.Mat. ”“Mu ntangiriro zo gukwirakwira, bitera uburinganire bwiza hagati y'ibicu byinshi kandi bike.Mugihe ibihingwa bizakura, uzakomeza kugira ibyo uhindura, bityo rero hasabwa umuhinzi ukomeye kandi ukomeye. ”
Dixon yavuze ko ikibi cyo gukoresha igihu gito cyane ari uko ibyago byo gutema byumye ari byinshi, kuko no gukama gato bishobora gutinda gushinga imizi.Ikibazo cyo gusiba no kubura birashobora kutababarira cyane.Abahinzi bakunze gukoresha igihu nkubwishingizi.
Nk’uko Dixon abivuga, niba igihingwa gisohotse bikabije kandi kikaba cyinshi, pH mu mikurire yo gukura nayo iziyongera mugihe cyo kubyara.
Intungamubiri ziri hagati zifasha guhagarika pH.Niba intungamubiri ziyungururwa kubera kuhira cyane cyangwa kuvomera, pH irashobora kuzamuka hejuru yurwego rwiza."Yavuze.Ati: “Ibi bizana ibibazo bibiri.Icya mbere nuko intungamubiri zinjizwa nigihingwa mugihe cyo gushinga imizi ari nke cyane.Impamvu ya kabiri ni uko uko agaciro ka pH kiyongera, imbaraga za micronutrients zimwe na zimwe (nka fer na manganese) zizagabanuka kandi ntizishobora kwinjizwa.Niba ubona ko intungamubiri zawe zidahagije kandi ibimera bigahinduka umuhondo, pH murwego rwo hejuru kandi nintungamubiri zikaba nke, noneho intambwe yambere yoroshye nukwongeramo ifumbire no kongera intungamubiri murwego rwo hagati.Ibi bizatanga intungamubiri zicyatsi kibabi, kandi binafasha kugabanya pH no kongera ikoreshwa rya fer na manganese.”
Kugirango uhuze neza inzira ya atomisiyoneri, Dickson arasaba kumara umwanya muri pariki kugira ngo turebe ibimera na atomizasi.Yavuze ko mu buryo bwiza, abahinzi bagomba gutera ibiti nyuma yo gukama ariko mbere yuko bishira.Niba umuhinzi arimo guhuha mugihe amababi aba atose, cyangwa igihingwa kikaba, hari ikibazo.
Yavuze ati: “Urashobora konsa igihingwa.”“Kandi igihingwa kimaze gushinga imizi, ntigikwiye kuba igihu na gito.”
Dickson arasaba gukurikirana ibirimo pH nintungamubiri mugihe cyo gutera kugirango hamenyekane niba intungamubiri zayungurujwe no kumenya niba hakenewe gusama.Dickson arasaba kandi kugenzura buri gihe ibirimo pH na EC.Yavuze kandi ko ibihingwa bishya cyangwa ibihingwa byose bishobora kwibasirwa n’ibibazo by’imirire bigomba kugenzurwa buri gihe.Dixon yavuze ko ibimera byombi bishobora guteza akaga ari petunia hamwe nindabyo nini cho.
Yavuze ati: “Ibi ni ibihingwa bikomeye byumva intungamubiri nke ndetse na pH nyinshi.”“Ibihingwa bifite igihe kirekire cyo gushinga imizi, nk'amagufwa n'ibiti byumye, nabyo birasuzumwa.Mubisanzwe bakeneye igihe kinini munsi yibicu.Kubera iyo mpamvu, hari amahirwe menshi yo gukura intungamubiri mu buryo mbere yo gushinga imizi. ”
Nigishije rimwe mu masomo yanjye yo gutunganya ibihingwa muri parike.Muri ayo masomo, twibanze ku bimera byindabyo, gutema indabyo nibiti byamababi.Mu rwego rwa laboratoire, twateye ibiti byinshi byabumbwe, harimo na poinsettia.Muri laboratoire, twitoje gukoresha "gucunga neza ibihingwa" -uburyo bwuzuye bushingiye ku guhuza amakuru no gukusanya amakuru hamwe nisuzuma ryibanze ku musaruro w’ibihingwa wabitswe (Ishusho 1).Icya mbere, tugomba guhora dukurikirana ibidukikije byangiza ibidukikije, nkumucyo wumunsi, ubushyuhe bwa buri munsi, nubushyuhe bwijoro.Iyo igihingwa gikura cyangwa hari igishushanyo mbonera gikurikirana, uburebure bwikimera;ibiranga amazi ya substrate no kuhira, nka pH nu mashanyarazi (EC);n'abaturage b'udukoko.Iyo ukoresheje amakuru yerekeranye nibidukikije bya pariki, imikurire yikimera, substrate, amazi, nudukoko, gufata ibyemezo biroroshye cyane.Ntugomba gukeka ibibera muri parike cyangwa muri kontineri;ahubwo, urabizi kandi ugafata ibyemezo byinshi.
Igihembwe gitangiye, abanyeshuri bahawe intego zuburebure bwa nyuma, imiterere ya pariki, ubwiza bw’amazi, hamwe n’ikizamini cyo gusuka substrate.Kuri poinsettia, intego nziza pH ni 5.8 kugeza 6.2, naho EC ni 2.5 kugeza 4.5 mS / cm.Poinsettia ifatwa nkigihingwa "gisanzwe" (ntabwo kiri hasi cyane, ntabwo kiri hejuru) ugereranije nibisabwa pH, ariko uhereye kubiciro bya EC biri hejuru, birashobora kugaragara ko bifatwa nk "ibiryo biremereye".
Ibyumweru bibiri nyuma yo gutera poinsettia, twakoze ikizamini cya mbere gisukurwa.Iri ni ryo banga.Umunyeshuri yagarutse avuye muri parike kandi asa nkaho yari mu rujijo.Poinsettia ifite pH hagati ya 4.8 na 4.9.Mu ikubitiro, nasabye ko metero ya pH na EC idashobora guhinduka neza.Barasohoka rero, basubiramo metero, babona ibisubizo bisa.Abandi banyeshuri barungurura basubira muri laboratoire, kandi pH yabo nayo iri hasi cyane.Natekerezaga ko igisubizo cya kalibrasi gishobora kuba atari cyiza, nuko dufungura icupa rishya ryibisubizo hanyuma twongera kubisubiramo.Na none, twabonye ibisubizo bisa.Nkigisubizo, twagerageje metero zitandukanye zifatishijwe intoki, hanyuma tugerageza kalibrasi ibisubizo byibirango bitandukanye.PH ya substrate iri hasi rwose.
Niyihe mpamvu ya pH yo hasi?Ubukurikira, twize ifumbire mvaruganda, amazi meza, ifumbire mvaruganda na syringes.PH na EC byumuti wifumbire mvaruganda twakoresheje wasaga nkibisanzwe, kandi ibisubizo byerekanaga ko ntakibazo.Gukora dusubira inyuma kuva hose, twagerageje amazi meza ya komine.Na none, indangagaciro zisa nkaho ziri murwego.Ntabwo dushyira amazi yacu kuberako amazi ya komine dukoresha afite alkaline ya 60 ppm- "gucomeka no gukina" amazi.Ibikurikira, reka turebe igisubizo cyamafumbire mvaruganda hamwe ninshinge.Dukoresha imvange ya 21-5-20 kugirango tugabanye pH na 15-5-15 kugirango tuzamure pH kugirango dukore igisubizo cyifumbire gishobora kuzuza amazi kugirango icunge pH ya substrate.Twavanze igisubizo gishya cyo kubara, kandi byanze bikunze ko inshinge zahinduwe neza kandi zatewe neza.
None, niki gitera pH kugabanuka?Ntabwo nshobora gutekereza kubintu byose mubigo byacu byatera ibibazo.Ikibazo cyacu kigomba guterwa nizindi mpamvu!Nahisemo ikintu kimwe tutigeze dupima: alkalinity.Kubwibyo, nakuyemo ibikoresho byo gupima alkalinity hanyuma ngerageza amazi meza ya komini.Reba, alkalinity ntabwo isanzwe 60s.Ibinyuranye, biri munsi ya 75% ugereranije nibisanzwe mubyangavu.Umuyobozi wa pariki yacu yahamagaye umujyi kugirango abaze kubyerekeranye na alkalinity.Umujyi uherutse guhindura uburyo, kandi birashidikanywaho ko bagabanije ubunini bwa alkalinity munsi yubusanzwe.
Turangije tumenye ko nyirabayazana ari: alkaline nkeya mumazi yo kuhira.21-5-20 irashobora gutera aside ikabije hamwe namazi mashya ya alkalinity.Twafashe ingamba zimwe kugirango dusanzwe pH ya substrate.Mbere ya byose, kugirango twongere vuba pH ya substrate, twakoze progaramu ya hekeste ikoreshwa.Ku micungire yigihe kirekire ya pH, twahinduye kandi ifumbire tuyihindura 100% ya 15-5-15 kugirango twungukire ku ngaruka zo kwiyongera kwa pH, kandi dusibye aside 21-5-20.
Kuki tuvuga kuri poinsettia mugihe yinjiye mubikorwa byuzuye mugihe cyizuba?Imyitwarire yiyi nkuru ntaho ihuriye na poinsettia.Ahubwo, ishimangira agaciro ko gukurikirana no kugerageza buri gihe.Amagambo ya Lord Kelvin, umuhanga mu by'imibare akaba na injeniyeri, yavuzwe mu ncamake y’agaciro mu kugenzura bisanzwe: “Gupima ni ukumenya.”Nyuma yo kubiba, nta na kimwe binyuze mu kwipimisha, ikibazo gishobora kuguma kitamenyekanye igihe kirekire.Tumaze kubona ko substrate pH yari mike, imishitsi iracyagaragara neza kandi nta bimenyetso bigaragara.Ariko, niba tutagize icyo tuvomera, noneho ikimenyetso cya mbere cyikibazo gishobora kuba ibimenyetso byuburozi bwa micronutrient kumababi.Niba ibimenyetso byikibazo bigaragara, noneho ibyangiritse byaratewe.Iyi nkuru irerekana kandi agaciro k'uburyo bwo gukemura ibibazo buri gihe (Ishusho 2).Igihe twakemuye bwa mbere ikibazo, umujyi wahinduye gahunda yo gutunganya amazi ntabwo wari mubitekerezo byacu.Ariko, nyuma yo gukora iperereza ryimbitse kubintu byimbere dushobora kugenzura, twizera ko ibi bigomba kuba ibintu byo hanze tudashobora kugenzura, kandi twaguye urwego rwiperereza ryacu.
Christopher is an assistant professor of horticulture in the Department of Horticulture at Iowa State University. ccurrey@iastate.edu
Umubano wabantu ugenda wangirika, kandi rimwe na rimwe bigenda bishira.Rimwe na rimwe, gutandukana biratangaje, rimwe na rimwe biroroshye kandi biragaragara.Mubisanzwe, ibi nibyiza.Utitaye ku kuntu cyangwa impamvu umuntu yagutereranye, cyangwa wamuretse, nuburyo ukemura ikibazo, bigutera kureba kandi bikakwibuka hamwe na sosiyete yawe.Ntakintu cyatuma abayobozi bumva batamerewe neza kuruta gusaba abakozi kwegura cyangwa kwirukanwa.Mubisanzwe, umupira uba urujijo mugihe bibaye ngombwa kugeza amakuru arambuye yo gusohoka kubandi bagize itsinda.
Kugenda ntabwo ari bibi.Mubisanzwe nibyiza mugihe umukozi ahisemo kugenda cyangwa asizwe nubuyobozi.Abakozi basohotse barashobora gushakisha amahirwe meza badashobora kukugezaho, cyangwa urashobora kunoza imikorere yakazi hamwe ninyungu ukuraho abantu badakwiriye ikigo cyawe.Ariko, kwegura bisa nkaho bituma abantu bose bumva batuje kandi bagaragaza umutekano muke, cyane cyane kubayobozi.
Imyitwarire isanzwe-imyitwarire ya benshi mubayobozi bacu iracumura mugihe runaka mubikorwa byacu-bitubahiriza ibitekerezo bibi bijyanye no kugenda cyangwa kugenda.Mugihe ufite ijambo kumunwa kubyerekeye kugenda cyangwa abahoze ari abakozi, ni ayahe makuru woherereza abakozi bawe ubu kukwerekeye hamwe nisosiyete?Iyo umuntu agusize, biroroshye kwibanda kumakosa yimiterere, naho ubundi.Ariko aho ukorera, ni ngombwa kwibuka ko hari abantu benshi bagikomeza kuvugana nawe kandi twizera ko uzabona uko witwara muri ako kanya, cyane cyane niba abakozi bagiye bagiye gukora cyane kugirango uruganda rwabo rutsinde.Imyitwarire yawe izaba ihanura ibyo bazakora nibahitamo kwegura.Icyingenzi cyane, bamenyeshe niba koko uha agaciro imbaraga zabakozi bariho.
Akazi kawe ni ugutera icyizere abakozi bawe muri ibi bihe;ntutere ubwoba.Urashobora kuba umushomeri cyangwa wirukanwe mugihe runaka cyumwuga wawe.Urashobora kuba wowe ubwawe wigeze wumva kumva guteshwa agaciro nubuyobozi mugihe cyangwa nyuma yo kugenda.Kubijyanye no guhuza, inganda zicyatsi ntizoroshye niba ubishaka.Gusebanya nkibi birashoboka ko uzabisubizwa cyangwa umukozi wapfuye binyuze mumazimwe yinganda.Ubu bwoko bwo gusebanya busiga uburyohe bubi mumunwa wa buriwese, kandi ntabwo arikintu cyiza kumico myiza yumubano rusange.
Ni iki ukwiye gukora muri ibi bihe?Mbere ya byose, ibuka ko ibyiyumvo byawe kuri nyakwigendera bitagira uruhare mubikorwa byawe byo gutumanaho.Witondere ukuri.Amasezerano muganira yo kugenda agomba gutandukana bitewe nuburyo umuntu agenda.Nyamuneka, nyamuneka ubikore vuba.Gutegereza itangazwa ryuko yeguye ku mukozi mubisanzwe biganisha ku gusebanya kugirango urangize akazi kuri wewe.Igenzura ikiganiro.
Niba abakozi basezeye kubushake kubwimpamvu zabo bwite, nyamuneka bareke babitangaze mu nama zitsinda cyangwa mu nama zabakozi.Basabe kohereza imeri cyangwa inyandiko hamwe nabandi bakozi badashobora kwitabira inama.Iki nicyemezo cyabo, ntabwo ari icyawe, kandi bafite uburenganzira bwo kugenda igihe icyo aricyo cyose.Kubantu bose bagukorera, nibyiza gusobanura neza ibi.Byongeye kandi, birasaba abakozi gusobanura mu buryo butaziguye impamvu bagiye kandi bagasubiza ibibazo kugirango utabibwira umunwa cyangwa ngo uvuge ibinyoma mugihe ugenda.Nyuma yo kubitangaza, akazi kawe nukubashimira kubikorwa byabo nintererano mumakipe hamwe nisosiyete.Mbifurije ibyiza byose kandi mukomeze imyifatire myiza nabo mbere yuko bakomeza.
Iyo batangaje, ugomba kandi gusobanura gahunda kubakozi basigaye, ugasobanura uburyo uteganya gusimbuza umukozi cyangwa uburyo bwo gukora inshingano zabo, kugeza ubikoze.Nyuma yo kugenda, ntukajye muburyo bwo kwerekana amakosa yabo, kugabanya imisanzu yabo y'akazi cyangwa kwihanganira ibitekerezo bibi by'abakozi kuri bo.Bizagutera gusa kugaragara ko ari ubusa, kandi bizanatera imbuto zidasobanutse zo gushidikanya mubitekerezo byabandi bakozi.
Niba umuntu agomba kwirukanwa kubera imikorere mibi cyangwa kutubahiriza politiki, ugomba rero kuba umuntu wahaye umukozi.Muri iki kibazo, nyamuneka ohereza memo yanditse cyangwa imeri kumukozi kugirango ugabanye ikinamico.Ku bijyanye nigihe, ugomba guhita umenyesha abakozi bose bazagira ingaruka ku buryo butaziguye.Abandi bakozi barashobora kumenyeshwa kumunsi wakazi utaha.Iyo wemereye umuntu kugenda, witondere ururimi rwashyizwe ahagaragara.Ivuga gusa ko abakozi batagikora muri sosiyete kandi babifuriza ibyiza.
Nibyiza kutajya muburyo burambuye mugihe uretse umuntu akagenda, nubwo urwego runaka rwo gukorera mu mucyo rushobora kugabanya ubwoba.Mu itangazo, ugomba gushishikariza abandi bakozi kubaza ibibazo nibibazo bijyanye no kwegura kuri wewe.Muri iki gihe, urashobora kumenya amakuru arambuye ajyanye numuntu ku giti cye.Niba umukozi yemerewe kurenga kuri politiki yihariye, nibyiza kubisubiramo bitaziguye hamwe nabayobozi nabagenzuzi kugirango bumve akamaro ko kwigisha politiki, kuyishyira mubikorwa, hamwe ninyandiko.
Guhinduka biragoye, ndetse birakomeye kubantu bamwe.Mu bihe byinshi, impinduka ni nziza.Emera abakozi bahinduka muri sosiyete ufite imyuga kandi myiza, kandi uzaba munzira nziza yo kubaka umuco wo kwizerana.
Leslie (CPH) afite Halleck Horticultural, LLC, abinyujije mu gutanga ubuhinzi bwimbuto, ingamba zubucuruzi n’ubucuruzi, guteza imbere ibicuruzwa no kumenyekanisha ibicuruzwa no guhanga ibintu ku masosiyete y’inganda zitunganya ibidukikije.Yamazaki.com
Regina Coronado, umuhinzi mukuru wa Bell Nursery, yatsinze ibintu bitoroshye maze aba umuyobozi w’isoko ry’ubuhinzi bw’Abanyamerika.
Kuva ku ikawa na soya kugeza ku bimera n'ibirungo, kuva ku mitako kugeza ku mboga, kugeza ku mitako, Regina Coronado yakuze hafi ya yose.Yavuye mu rugo rwe muri Guatemala yimukira muri Floride, Texas, Jeworujiya, Washington na Carolina y'Amajyaruguru, maze abikora mu gihugu hose.Kuva mu 2015, yagiye mu buhinzi bwa Bell Nursery hano.
Igihe Coronado yinjiraga mu nganda z’ibidukikije muri Amerika, yagombaga gutsinda ibibazo byinshi no gushaka amahirwe aho abandi babonaga inzitizi gusa.
“Mbere ya byose, ndi umwimukira.Niba ukomoka mu kindi gihugu, ugomba kwerekana ko uri umuhanga. ”Coronado yavuze ko yabonye viza, hanyuma ikarita y'icyatsi maze aba umunyamerika mu 2008. Ati: “Ikintu cya kabiri ni uko iyi ari inganda ziganjemo abagabo, bityo rero ugomba kuba utoroshye kugira ngo ubeho.”
Binyuze mu kwihangana, ubwitange n'umwuka utajegajega wo gutera imbere, Coronado yatsinze izo ngorane kandi akora umwuga mwiza mu nganda za pariki.
Mu guhuza urukundo akunda hanze no gukunda siyanse, Coronado yabonye impamyabumenyi mu buhinzi muri Guatemala.Amaze kubona ko ari mbarwa - ndetse no mu gihugu cye, yakoraga nk'umutekinisiye wa laboratoire y'ubutaka ku bahinzi ba kawa.
“Igihe shebuja yavaga, nasabye umwanya we, maze njya mu ishami rishinzwe abakozi, bambwira ko nujuje ibisabwa byose, ariko [ntibanyemereye kuba umuyobozi wa laboratoire y'ubutaka kuko [ kuko] Ndi muto cyane, ndi umugore ", Coronado.
Nyuma y'amezi make, yabonye amahirwe muri Amerika.Umuntu wo muri Guatemala yaguze pepiniyeri nto muri Floride, maze aha akazi umuhinzi w’ubuhinzi kugira ngo amarayo amezi atatu kugira ngo yige ubucuruzi bw’ibidukikije kugira ngo amufashe kubaka pariki muri Guatemala.Coronado imaze kugera muri Amerika, amezi atatu yabaye imyaka 26, kandi n'ubu aracyiyongera.
Iyo yakoraga muri iyo pepiniyeri, yakundaga gucomeka kuri Speedling.Coronado yagize ati: "Nabonye iyo pariki ku nshuro ya mbere, ndatekereza nti:" Wow, icyampa nkakora hano! " .
Agezeyo, yahuye na Louis Stacy, washinze Stacy Greenhouse.Umunsi umwe, ubwo yasuraga Speedling, yasize ikarita ye y'ubucuruzi muri Coronado amubwira niba akeneye kumuhamagara ku kazi.Yatangiye kumukorera muri Caroline yepfo mu 2002, aho yize ibyerekeye imyaka myinshi.
Coronado yagize ati: "Kuri njye, ni umujyanama mwiza."Stacey yapfuye muri Mutarama, afite imyaka 81 iminsi mike mbere yuko babazwa.Ati: "Nkumbuye ibintu byose yanyigishije mu myaka yashize, nko kwiyemeza kuba indashyikirwa.Yashyize rwose ijambo "ubuziranenge" mubitekerezo byanjye kuko mubitekerezo bye, inzira imwe yonyine dushobora guhangana ni uguhatanira ibihingwa bifite ireme. "
Igihe Stacy yagiye mu kiruhuko cy'izabukuru, Coronado yashakishije amahirwe mu burengerazuba bwa leta ya Washington yo gukora mu busitani mu majyaruguru y'uburengerazuba, hanyuma asubira mu burasirazuba yinjira muri Bell Nursery.
Nkumuhinzi mukuru wa Bell Nursery, Coronado ishinzwe kubyara imyaka myinshi.Ifite ubuso bungana na hegitari 100 kandi ikwirakwizwa mubikoresho bibiri: imwe izobereye mu guhinga indabyo zamabara nka lili, iris, dianthus na phlox, naho ubundi izobereye mu gutera.Gupfuka igihingwa na jade.
Yavuze ati: “Nkunda ibintu vyose nakuze.”Ati: "Kuri njye, gukura ni ishyaka, kandi mfite amahirwe yo guhembwa ishyaka ryanjye."
Coronado iyobora itsinda ryo kuhira, itsinda risaba imiti, hamwe nitsinda rishinzwe kubungabunga ibihingwa kuri buri mwanya (nko muri kilometero 40 zitandukanye).Akora asimburana kuri buri ruganda iminsi mike, yibanda kubushakashatsi no kugenzura ubuziranenge.
Coronado yagize ati: “Nanjye ubwanjye nkora ibintu byinshi, nkora igenzura ryinshi mu kubumba, gutema, guca nyakatsi no gutandukanya umurongo, kubera ko intego ya Bell ari iyo kohereza ibihingwa bifite ubuziranenge mu iduka.”Ati: “Mara umwanya munini ngerageza amazi n'ubutaka., Kandi gerageza gukoresha ubwoko bushya hamwe nimiti mishya.Mu yandi magambo, sinigeze mbona umwanya wo kurambirwa. ”
Coronado yagize ati: "Ku bantu no kuri njye, aya ni amahugurwa atarangira."“Buri gihe ngerageza gukomeza kugezwaho amakuru, kuko kuri njye, gukura ni nko kuba umuganga.Niba usubiye inyuma, ntabwo ari byiza kuri njye cyangwa ku kigo kuko dushaka kunoza imikorere. ”
Coronado yiyemeje kwiteza imbere hamwe nabantu bamukikije.Ubu ni inzira kuri we yo gusubiza inganda.Umwuga we uratera imbere, inganda zakiriwe neza kandi ziramufasha.
Buri mwaka, Coronado ugaruka muri Guatemala yagize ati: "Nishimiye cyane kubona amahirwe yo kuza muri Amerika."“Igihe nageraga muri Amerika bwa mbere, ubuzima bwanjye bwari bugoye cyane, ariko buri gihe kuba umugisha wanjye kuba hano.Nizera ko niba hari amahirwe, nkeneye kubigerageza.Rimwe na rimwe, amahirwe azaza rimwe gusa, iyo ntafashe amahirwe, bizatakaza amahirwe. ”