Ntagushidikanya ko inganda z'urumogi zitera imbere.Abantu bakuze iki gihingwa imyaka myinshi, ariko mumyaka yashize gusa umusaruro wubucuruzi wabaye intumbero yibitekerezo.Bigaragara ko hamwe nuburambe bwimyaka yacu, abantu bazamenya guhinga iki gihingwa ntakibazo, ariko ibintu byose kuva gutera ibihingwa bike kugeza kumusaruro wubucuruzi bizahindura byose.Ikibazo kimwe abahinzi benshi basanga nuko urumogi rufite ibibazo byinshi by udukoko.Phylloxera, aphide yamababi, thrips hamwe nibihumyo ni bike mubitigiri bikura.Ikibazo giteye ubwoba cyane ni udukoko.Ibikorwa byo gutera akenshi bitera udukoko twangiza imyaka, kandi kubyumva nurufunguzo rwo kugenzura ikibazo.
Kuvuga ko ufite mite ni ijambo ryagutse.Hariho ubwoko bwinshi bwa mite mubikorwa byubucuruzi, kandi ikivuguto gishobora kwibasirwa nubwoko butandukanye.Ni ngombwa kumenya neza mite yawe kugirango ubashe gukoresha uburyo bwiza bwo kugenzura.Ntushobora gukeka;ugomba kumenya neza 100%.Niba utizeye neza, umujyanama wawe wibyonnyi arashobora kugufasha kumenya.
Mu gukumira no kugenzura, abahinzi benshi bahitamo gukoresha imiti igenzura ibinyabuzima.Kubera impungenge z’ibisigisigi byica udukoko ku bihingwa biribwa, amabwiriza y’igihugu n’ibibazo byo kurwanya ibiyobyabwenge, uburyo bwo kurwanya ibinyabuzima burakwiriye.Icyangombwa ni ugutangira gutanga ibicuruzwa byiza hakiri kare bishoboka.
Imiti isanzwe mu bihingwa by'urumogi irashobora kugabanywamo imiryango itatu: Tetranychidae (Tetranychidae), ibitagangurirwa, Ibiti by'igitagangurirwa, Tarite (Tarsonemidae), udusimba twinshi na Eriophyidae (Eriophyidae).Urutonde rushobora kwaguka mugihe kuko hari inyandiko nshya zakira.
Iyo umuntu avuga ibijyanye nigitagangurirwa, mubisanzwe yerekeza kubitagangurirwa bibiri (Tetranychus urticae).Wibuke, igitagangurirwa ni umuryango mugari wa mite.Hariho ubwoko bwinshi bwigitagangurirwa, ariko bumwe gusa ni bubiri bwibitagangurirwa.Ibi nibisanzwe muri marijuwana.Tetranychus urticae iboneka no mubindi bihingwa byinshi by'imitako n'imboga, bigatuma udukoko twangiza kuyirwanya kuko iba hose.
Igitsina gore gikuze gifite uburebure bwa mm 0.4 naho igitsina gabo ni gito.Mubisanzwe, barashobora kumenyekana nurubuga ruzunguruka hejuru yicyuma.Muri uru rusenga, igitsina gore kizashyira amagi (agera kuri magana), kandi ayo magi arazengurutse rwose.
Iyi mite ikura mubihe bishyushye kandi byumye bikunze kugaragara muri pariki.Birasa nkaho abaturage baturitse ijoro ryose, ariko akenshi bagiye bubaka batabonetse.Iyo uba ku bibabi, ibitagangurirwa bibiri bitukura bigaburira kwinjiza umunwa mu ngirabuzimafatizo no kugaburira ibirimo.Niba bigenzuwe hakiri kare bishoboka, igihingwa kirashobora gukira kitarangije amababi.Niba ibimera bitavuwe, amababi azahinduka umuhondo kandi agaragaze ibibara.Mite irashobora kandi kwimukira mu ndabyo kandi igahinduka ikibazo mugihe ibihingwa byumye iyo bisaruwe.
Ibyangiritse biterwa na mite (Polyphagotarsonemus latus) birashobora gutera gukura no guhinduka.Amagi ni ovoid kandi yuzuyeho ibibara byera, nuburyo bwiza bwo kubimenya.
Mite ikwirakwira ni ubundi bwoko bwa mite ifite ubwoko bwinshi bwibimera byakiriwe kandi bikwirakwizwa kwisi yose.Mite zabo ni nto cyane kurenza ibitero bibiri byigitagangurirwa (kubibona, ugomba gukinira byibuze inshuro 20).Igitsina gore gikuze gifite uburebure bwa mm 0.2, mugihe igitsina gabo ari gito.Inzira yoroshye yo kubamenya ni iy'amagi yabo.Amagi ni ova mumiterere hamwe na cluster yera.Basa nkaho bafite ibibara byera kuri bo.
Mbere yuko ibyangiritse bibaho, biragoye kumenya ahari mite.Nubusanzwe nuburyo abahinzi basanga babifite.Mite ifite amavuta yuburozi, atera amababi mashya kugoreka no kubyimba.Ndetse na nyuma yo kuvurwa, amababi ntashobora gukira ibyangiritse.Kugaragara kwamababi mashya (nta mite) bizaba bisanzwe.
Iyi mite yateje ikibazo abahinzi mu 2017. Kubera uburyo bubi bwo kubyaza umusaruro ndetse n’isuku, yakwirakwiriye nk’umuriro.Iyi mite itandukanye na mite ebyiri zabanjirije iyi kuko yakiriye umwihariko wurumogi.Abantu bahora mu rujijo, bibwira ko ubu ari ubwoko bumwe na mite itukura yijimye mu bihingwa by'inyanya, ariko ni ubundi bwoko bwa mite (Aculops lycopersici).
Mite ni nto cyane kandi bisaba gukuza kugirango tuyibone.Ntoya mubunini, irashobora gushirwa muburyo bworoshye bwo kwinezeza bidafite ingaruka rwose kumyambaro yabahinzi.Abahinzi benshi ntibazi ibyago kugeza babibonye, ​​mugihe mite iri murwego rwo hejuru cyane.Iyo mite irisha ibihingwa, birashobora gutera amababi, amababi agoramye, kandi rimwe na rimwe bikabyimba.Iyo habaye kwandura gukomeye, biragoye gukuraho iki cyorezo.
Ephedra s mite, Aculops urumogi.Ibyangiritse byatewe na Aculops urumogi rurimo impande zigoramye hamwe namababi ya russet.Igihe kirenze, amababi azahinduka umuhondo kandi agwe.
Icyo izo mite zihuriraho nuko ushobora kugabanya cyane amahirwe yo kwandura mite ukoresheje ingamba zifatika zisuku.Bifata gusa bike byoroshye, bidahenze kugirango uhagarike icyorezo.Fata ahantu ukura nkuko wifuza icyumba cyo gukoreramo ibitaro.• Buza abashyitsi n'abakozi: Niba hari umuntu (nawe urimo) witabiriye ikindi gikorwa cyo gutera, ntukemere ko winjira mu musaruro wawe udafite imyenda y'akazi isukuye cyangwa ngo uhindure imyenda.Nubwo bimeze bityo, keretse niba aribwo ahagarara bwa mbere uyumunsi, nibyiza kutemerera umuntu uwo ari we wese. Iyo wogeje igihingwa cyanduye, urashobora gufata mite kumyenda yawe.Niba ukoresheje ubwoko bwimyenda kugirango usige ibindi bimera, birashobora gukwirakwiza udukoko n'indwara.• Ibikoresho: Iyo wimutse hagati y ibihingwa n’ahantu ho guhinga, ibikoresho bisukuye buri gihe hamwe na disinfectant.• Clone cyangwa ibiti: Numubare wibikorwa wanduye utabizi.Udukoko twangiza mu buryo butaziguye ibikoresho by’ibimera byatangijwe.Mugihe cyo gukata, hagomba kubaho uburyo busanzwe bwo gukora, uburyo bwo kubikemura kugirango utangire neza.Wibuke, birashoboka cyane ko utazashobora kubona ikibazo n'amaso gusa muriki cyiciro.Kwibiza mumavuta yo guhinga cyangwa isabune yica udukoko birashobora kugabanya cyane ibyago byo kwangirika kwa mite nshya.Iyo ibyo biti bifatanye, ntubishyire mubikorwa nyamukuru hamwe nibindi bihingwa.Komeza kwigunga kugira ngo hatabaho udukoko twabura mugihe cyo kwibiza.• Ibitungwa byamatungo: Ntugerageze gukoresha ibikoresho bikura kugirango utumba ibihingwa byo murugo cyangwa ibindi bimera byamatungo kubakozi.Udukoko twinshi twangiza udusimba twishimira gusiba imyaka yawe.• Tangira ako kanya, ntutegereze: bimaze gukata umwitozo, ubitangire ako kanya muri gahunda ya mite yinyamaswa (Imbonerahamwe 1).Ndetse n'abahinga ibihingwa by'imitako, agaciro k’ibihingwa kugiti cyabo kiri munsi y’urumogi, batangiye kweza imyaka yabo kuva mbere.Ntutegereze kugeza uhuye nibibazo.
Intara zimwe zitanga urutonde rwemewe rwica udukoko dushobora gukoreshwa mu gutanga urumogi.Ibyinshi muri ibyo bicuruzwa bifatwa nkibicuruzwa byangiza udukoko twangiza udukoko.Ibi bivuze ko batagengwa n’amategeko agenga udukoko twica udukoko, Fungicide na Rodenticide.Ibicuruzwa ntabwo byakorewe igeragezwa rikomeye ryibicuruzwa byanditswe na EPA.
Mubihe byinshi, iyo ukoresheje mite, amavuta yubusitani arashobora gutanga ingaruka nziza zo kugenzura, ariko gukwirakwiza spray ni ngombwa.Niba mite zabuze, umubare wabo uziyongera vuba.Mu buryo nk'ubwo, amavuta menshi amaze gukama, ibintu byingirakamaro birashobora kurekurwa.
Kuvura hakiri kare ni ngombwa, cyane cyane iyo ukoresheje imiti igenzura ibinyabuzima.Mugihe igihingwa cya herp kimaze gukura, trichomes izakora.Iyo ibi bibaye, igihingwa kizahinduka cyane ku buryo inyamaswa zangiza ku gihingwa.Mugihe inyungu zishobora kugenda mubuntu, nyamuneka kuvura mbere yicyo gihe.
Mu myaka 25 ishize, Suzanne Wainwright-Evans (urinzwe na imeri) yatanze inama zubuhinzi / inzobere mu bijyanye n’inganda.Ni nyiri Buglady Consulting kandi azobereye mu kurwanya ibinyabuzima, IPM, imiti yica udukoko, imiti yica udukoko twangiza, ibinyabuzima no kurwanya udukoko twangiza.Ibihingwa bye yibandaho birimo ibihingwa by'imitako, ikivuguto, ikivuguto n'imboga / imboga.Reba inkuru zose zabanditsi hano.
[...] kurubuga rwa parike;Yashyizweho na: Suzanne Wainwright-Evans (Suzanne Wainwright-Evans): Kuvuga mite ni ijambo ryagutse.Hariho ubwoko bwinshi
Urakosoye ko amavuta yubusitani afite akamaro.Nubwo utabona ibimenyetso bigaragara bya phytotoxicity, amavuta ya paraffine nandi mavuta ashingiye kuri peteroli bikunda kugabanya fotosintezeza muminsi myinshi.Amavuta yingenzi ya spray yica mite ya russet byihuse, ariko bakunda gukuramo ibishashara mumababi, nabyo bidindiza imikurire yibimera.Injyana ya circadian ihuza amavuta yimboga namavuta ya peppermint kugirango ibike ibishashara bya alcool ya polyvinyl kumababi kugirango bisimbuze ibishashara bishobora gukaraba.Kimwe muri ibyo bishashara ni biostimulant, triethanol.Niba ubishaka, ndashobora kuboherereza ibizamini.Ingaruka nziza itera gukura irashobora kugerwaho mugihe ushyizwe mubikorwa buri cyumweru uhereye kumuzi ya clone cyangwa ingemwe zikimera.