Benjamin Phillips, Kwagura Kaminuza ya Leta ya Michigan;na Mary Mary Hausbeck, Ishami ry’ibimera, Ubutaka na Microbiology Science, MSU-1 Gicurasi 2019
Chlorothalonil (Bravo / Echo / Equus) ni fungiside ya FRAC M5, izwiho kuba yoroshye kuyikoresha nk'igicuruzwa cyonyine cyangwa nk'igikoresho cyo kuvanga tanki, kandi irashobora gukumira indwara nyinshi ziterwa n'imboga.Ingero zimwe na zimwe za chlorothalonil fungiside zikoreshwa muguhashya indwara zirimo inyanya ryegras amababi yibibabi hamwe no kubora imbuto, inyanya yatinze kurwara, inyanya anthracnose zeze imbuto zeze, cercospora na / cyangwa amababi yumukara hamwe na seleri petiole blight, Alternaria alternata no gutema amababi ya cercospora na karoti ya petiole, ibara ry'umuyugubwe. ibibara kuri asparagus yera, ibibara byumutuku ku gitunguru, tungurusumu nuduseke, hamwe na Alternariya alternata kumyumbati, ibihaza, ibinyamisogwe na melon.Usibye izo ngero zindwara, chlorothalonil nayo ikora nkumufatanyabikorwa wingenzi wavanze kandi irashobora gukoreshwa nka fungiside irwanya indwara mbi.Bitewe nuburyo bwinshi bwibikorwa, ibicuruzwa birashobora gukoreshwa inshuro nyinshi kandi bikurikiranye.
Mugihe cyibura, izindi fungiside zirashobora gukoreshwa, nizindi fungiside zirashobora gutoranywa kugirango ibihingwa byimboga birindwe.Ishami rishinzwe kwagura kaminuza ya leta ya Michigan iragusaba ko witondera kode ya FRAC mugihe uhisemo gukoresha indi fungiside yagutse.
Mancozeb irahari nka Manzate cyangwa Dithane.Nuburyo bwagutse FRAC M3 fungiside ifite ingaruka zisa na chlorothalonil.Irashobora gukoreshwa mukuzuza icyuho kinini gishobora gutera ibibazo kubera kubura chlorothalonil.Kubwamahirwe, ikirango cya mancozeb kibura amakuru yo kwandikisha ibihingwa, harimo imikurire ya Bruxelles, karoti, broccoli, seleri nindabyo.Mu buryo nk'ubwo, intera ibanziriza gusarura imyembe ni ndende cyane iminsi 5, ishobora kugorana gukoresha ibihingwa bikura vuba kandi byasaruwe cyane nka combre, squash squash and squash squash.Bitewe nuburyo bwinshi bwibikorwa, ibicuruzwa birashobora gukoreshwa inshuro nyinshi kandi bikurikiranye, ariko bimwe mubishobora gukoreshwa gusa kuri asparagus inshuro enye cyane nibihingwa byimizabibu kubisabwa umunani cyane.
Guhindura ni uburyo bwagutse bwa sisitemu ya fungiside ihuza fludemonil (FRAC 9) na ciprodinil (FRAC 12).Irakora kurwanya ibibabi bya Alternariya muri karoti, Ibibabi bya Alternariya muri broccoli, imikurire ya Bruxelles, imyumbati na kawuseri, ibibabi byangirika muri seleri, hamwe nibituku byigitunguru.Ifite igihe cyo gusarura mbere yigihe cyagereranywa na chlorothalonil.Mu gufata ku ngufu, karoti, seleri n'ibitunguru, chlorothalonil irashobora gusimbuza chlorothalonil.Ikirango cyacyo kigarukira gusa ku mboga rwatsi n'imboga.Nyuma yo gukoresha Hindura inshuro ebyiri, nyamuneka uzunguruke nka fungiside igereranya indi code ya FRAC, hanyuma wongere uyikoreshe
Scala numuyoboro mugari wa fungiside ikozwe muri azoxystrobine (FRAC 9).Ntibura ibirango byo gufata kungufu, imizabibu, na asparagus.Ariko, irashobora gusimbuza ibibara byijimye muri tungurusumu, amababi n'ibitunguru.Ifite intera nyuma yo gusarura isa na chlorothalonil.
Tanos ni mugari-mugari, sisitemu yaho kandi ihuza bactericide, ihuza famoxalone (FRAC 11) na cyclophenoxy oxime (FRAC 27).Ifasha cyane mugucunga Alternaria alternata kandi yakoreshejwe nkigikoresho kivanze na fungicide ya mildew idasanzwe.Nta birango bya asparagus, broccoli, Bruxelles imera, imyumbati, karoti, broccoli cyangwa seleri.Irashobora gukoreshwa kumizabibu yose, inyanya, urusenda, igitunguru, tungurusumu n'amababi.Kenshi na kenshi, igihe kiri imbere yo gusarura ni kigufi ugereranije n’ibicuruzwa bya Mancozeb, ariko ku bihingwa by’imizabibu, inyanya na pisine, intera yo gusarura iracyari iminsi itatu ugereranije n’ibicuruzwa bya chlorothalonil.Niba ikoreshejwe inshuro nyinshi, ibicuruzwa muri FRAC 11 bifite ibyago byinshi byo kurwanya virusi.Mugihe ukoresheje Tanos muri progaramu yo gutera, burigihe uzunguruka kurindi code ya FRAC.
Pristine ni mugari-mugari, sisitemu ya sisitemu na bacteri-cross-layer, ikorwa muguhuza bagiteri FRAC (FRAC 11) na Carboxamide (FRAC 7).Kugeza ubu, ntabwo yanditseho asparagus, canola, inyanya, urusenda n'ibirayi.Irashobora gukoreshwa mu mwanya wa Bravo kugirango ibibabi bya Alternariya bibe mu mizabibu na karoti, Ikibabi cya Alternariya muri seleri, hamwe n’ibara ry'umuyugubwe muri tungurusumu, amababi n'ibitunguru.Intera mbere yo gusarura isa n'iya chlorothalonil.Umubare ntarengwa wo gusaba ibihingwa byinzabibu ni inshuro enye mu mwaka, kandi ntarengwa yo gusaba ibitunguru, tungurusumu, nindabyo ni inshuro esheshatu mu mwaka.Pristine yemerewe gukoreshwa muri seleri kabiri mu mwaka.Muburyo bwo gutera, burigihe wirinde ibicuruzwa bya FRAC 11 igihe cyose ukoresheje Pristine.
Quadris / Umurage, Cabrio / Umutwe cyangwa Flint / Gem ni sisitemu yagutse ya sisitemu ya FRAC 11 fungicide.Izi fungiside zishingiye kuri strobilurine zashyizweho ikimenyetso cyo gukoresha mu bihingwa byinshi by’imboga, kandi akenshi intera ibanziriza gusarura ni iminsi 0.Ibicuruzwa bifite amateka meza yo kuvura indwara nyinshi.Nyamara, FRAC 11 cone globuline ifite amahirwe menshi yo gukora imiti yanduza imiti ikoresheje inshuro nyinshi.Kugirango urinde ikoreshwa rya strobilurine no gutinza iterambere ryokurwanya, ibirango byubu bigabanya umubare wubuyobozi bukurikiranye bwemewe mumwaka umwe.Kubihingwa byinshi, Quadris / Umurage yemerera gusa ibintu bibiri bikurikiranye, Cabrio / Umutwe wemerera gusa porogaramu imwe ikomeza, kandi Flint / Gem yemerera gusa ibintu bine bisabwa.
Imbonerahamwe 1. Kugereranya fungiside yagutse yimboga zikunze guhingwa muri Michigan (reba pdf yo gucapa cyangwa gusoma)
Iyi ngingo yongerewe kandi itangazwa na kaminuza ya leta ya Michigan.Kubindi bisobanuro, nyamuneka sura https://extension.msu.edu.Kohereza incamake yubutumwa kuri imeri yawe imeri, nyamuneka sura https://extension.msu.edu/amakuru.Kugira ngo ubaze inzobere mu karere kanyu, nyamuneka sura https://extension.msu.edu/experts cyangwa uhamagare 888-MSUE4MI (888-678-3464).
Kaminuza ya Leta ya Michigan ni umukoresha wemeza, angana amahirwe, yiyemeje kugera ku ntera nziza binyuze mu bakozi batandukanye ndetse n'umuco uhuriweho, kandi ashishikariza buri wese kugera ku byo ashoboye byose.Gahunda yo kwagura kaminuza ya leta ya Michigan n'ibikoresho birakinguye kuri buri wese, hatitawe ku bwoko, ibara, inkomoko y'igihugu, igitsina, indangamuntu, idini, imyaka, uburebure, uburemere, ubumuga, imyizerere ya politiki, icyerekezo cy'imibonano mpuzabitsina, uko abashakanye, uko umuryango umeze, cyangwa ikiruhuko cy'izabukuru Imiterere ya gisirikare.Ku bufatanye n’ishami ry’ubuhinzi muri Amerika, ryatanzwe binyuze mu kuzamura MSU kuva ku ya 8 Gicurasi kugeza ku ya 30 Kamena 1914. Jeffrey W. Dwyer, Umuyobozi ushinzwe kwagura MSU, East Lansing, Michigan, MI48824.Aya makuru agamije intego zuburezi gusa.Kuvuga ibicuruzwa byubucuruzi cyangwa amazina yubucuruzi ntibisobanura ko byemejwe na MSU Kwagura cyangwa gutonesha ibicuruzwa bitavuzwe.Izina n'ibirango 4-H birinzwe byumwihariko na Kongere kandi birinzwe na code 18 USC 707.