Nematode ninyamaswa nyinshi cyane zinyamanswa kwisi, kandi nematode ibaho ahantu hose hari amazi kwisi.Muri byo, ibihingwa bya parasitike nematode bingana na 10%, kandi bitera kwangiza imikurire y’ibihingwa binyuze muri parasitism, kikaba ari kimwe mu bintu byingenzi bitera igihombo kinini mu bukungu mu buhinzi n’amashyamba.Mu gusuzuma umurima, indwara nematode yubutaka yitiranya byoroshye kubura ibintu, kanseri yumuzi, clubroot, nibindi, biganisha ku gusuzuma nabi cyangwa kugenzura igihe.Byongeye kandi, ibikomere byumuzi biterwa no kugaburira nematode bitanga amahirwe yo kubaho kwindwara ziterwa nubutaka nka bagiteri ziterwa na bagiteri, blight, rot rot, damping-off, na canker, bikaviramo kwandura hamwe no kongera ingorane zo gukumira no kugenzura.

Raporo ikomeza ivuga, ku isi hose, igihombo cy’ubukungu ngarukamwaka giterwa no kwangirika kwa nematode kigera kuri miliyari 157 z'amadolari y'Amerika, ibyo bikaba bigereranywa n'ibyangiritse.1/10 cy'umugabane w'isoko ry'ibiyobyabwenge, haracyari umwanya munini.Hasi hari bimwe mubicuruzwa byiza byo kuvura nematode ..

1.1 Fosthiazate

Fosthiazate ni organophosifore nematicide uburyo nyamukuru bwibikorwa ni uguhagarika synthesis ya acetylcholinesterase ya nematode yumuzi.Ifite imiterere ya sisitemu kandi irashobora gukoreshwa mugucunga ubwoko butandukanye bwumuzi-ipfundo nematode.Kuva Thiazophosphine yatunganywa ikanakorwa na Ishihara, mu Buyapani mu 1991, yanditswe mu bihugu byinshi no mu turere twinshi nk'Uburayi na Amerika.Kuva yinjira mu Bushinwa mu 2002, fosthiazate yabaye igicuruzwa cyingenzi cyo kugenzura nematode yubutaka mu Bushinwa kubera ingaruka nziza n’imikorere ihenze.Biteganijwe ko izakomeza kuba igicuruzwa nyamukuru cyo kugenzura ubutaka nematode mu myaka mike iri imbere.Dukurikije imibare yaturutse mu Bushinwa bwita ku miti yica udukoko mu Bushinwa, kugeza muri Mutarama 2022, hari amasosiyete 12 yo mu gihugu yiyandikishije mu buhanga bwa fosthiazate, hamwe n’imyiteguro 158 yiyandikishije, ikubiyemo amashyanyarazi nka emulibilité konsentratif, amazi-emulsion, microemulsion, granule, na microcapsule.Guhagarika agent, agent soluble, ibintu bivanze ni abamectin.

Fosthiazate ikoreshwa ifatanije na amino-oligosaccharine, aside alginic, aside amine, acide humic, nibindi, bifite imirimo yo gutobora, guteza imbere imizi no kuzamura ubutaka.Bizaba icyerekezo cyingenzi cyiterambere ryinganda mugihe kizaza.Ubushakashatsi bwakozwe na Zheng Huo n'abandi.berekanye ko nematicide yiyongereye hamwe na thiazophosphine na amino-oligosaccharidine igira ingaruka nziza zo kugenzura kuri citrus nematode, kandi irashobora guhagarika neza nematode mu butaka bwa rhizosifike ya citrusi, ikagira ingaruka zirenga 80%.Iruta thiazophosphine na amino-oligosaccharin imwe rukumbi, kandi igira ingaruka nziza kumikurire yumuzi no gukira kwimbaraga.

1.2 Abamectin

Abamectin ni macrocyclic lactone ivanze nudukoko twica udukoko, acariside na nematiside, kandi igera ku ntego yo kwica ikangurira udukoko kurekura aside-aminobutyric.Abamectin yica nematode mu gihingwa cya rhizosifera nubutaka ahanini binyuze mubwicanyi.Kugeza muri Mutarama 2022, umubare w’ibicuruzwa byitwa abamectin byanditswe mu gihugu ni 1.900, naho abarenga 100 biyandikishije mu kugenzura nematode.Muri byo, guhuza abamectin na thiazophosphine byageze ku nyungu zuzuzanya kandi byabaye icyerekezo cyingenzi cyiterambere.

Mubicuruzwa byinshi abamectin, kimwe kigomba kwibandaho ni abamectin B2.Abamectin B2 ikubiyemo ibice bibiri byingenzi nka B2a na B2b, B2a / B2b irenze 25, B2a ifitemo ibintu byinshi byuzuye, B2b ni umubare wuzuye, B2 nuburozi nuburozi muri rusange, uburozi buri munsi ya B1, uburozi buragabanuka , kandi ikoreshwa ni umutekano kandi ryangiza ibidukikije.

Ibizamini byagaragaje ko B2, nkigicuruzwa gishya cya abamectin, ari nematiside nziza, kandi udukoko twica udukoko twica udukoko dutandukanye na B1.Ibihingwa nematode birakora cyane kandi bifite isoko ryagutse.

1.3 Fluopyram

Fluopyram ni uruganda rufite uburyo bushya bwibikorwa byakozwe na Bayer Crop Science, ishobora guhitamo guhagarika urwego rwa II rwurwego rwubuhumekero muri nematode mitochondriya, bigatuma imbaraga za selile zangirika vuba.Fluopyram igaragaza umuvuduko ukabije mubutaka kurusha ubundi bwoko, kandi irashobora gukwirakwizwa buhoro kandi buringaniye muri rhosikori, ikarinda imizi kwandura nematode neza kandi mugihe kirekire.

1.4 Tluazaindolizine

Tluazaindolizine ni pyridimidazole amide (cyangwa sulfonamide) nematicide idafite fumigant yakozwe na Corteva, ikoreshwa mu mboga, ibiti byimbuto, ibirayi, inyanya, inzabibu, citrusi, amasaka, ibyatsi, imbuto zamabuye, itabi, n ibihingwa byo mu murima, nibindi, birashobora gukora neza kugenzura itabi umuzi-ipfundo nematode, ibirayi stem nematode, soya cyst nematode, strawberry kunyerera nematode, ibiti bya pinusi nematode, nematode yintete numubiri mugufi (imizi ibora) nematode, nibindi.

Vuga muri make

Igenzura rya Nematode ni intambara ndende.Mugihe kimwe, kugenzura nematode ntibigomba gushingira kurugamba.Birakenewe gushyiraho igisubizo cyuzuye cyo gukumira no kugenzura gihuza kurinda ibimera, guteza imbere ubutaka, imirire y’ibimera, no gucunga imirima.Mugihe gito, kugenzura imiti biracyari uburyo bwingenzi bwo kugenzura nematode hamwe nibisubizo byihuse kandi byiza;mugihe kirekire, kugenzura ibinyabuzima bizagera ku iterambere ryihuse.Kwihutisha ubushakashatsi no guteza imbere ubwoko bushya bw’udukoko twangiza udukoko twa nematiside, kunoza urwego rwo gutunganya imyiteguro, kongera ingufu mu kwamamaza, no gukora akazi keza mu iterambere no gushyira mu bikorwa abafasha bahuza imbaraga bizaba intego yo gukemura ikibazo cyo guhangana nubwoko bumwe na bumwe bwa nematide.