Mankhwala ophera tizilombo angathandize alimi kuchulukitsa kupanga chakudya, kuchepetsa kutayika kwakukulu kwa mbewu, ndipo ngakhale kuletsa kufalikira kwa matenda ofalitsidwa ndi tizilombo, koma popeza kuti mankhwalaŵa amathanso kuloŵa m’zakudya za anthu, kuonetsetsa kuti chitetezo chake n’chofunika.Pa mankhwala ophera tizilombo omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri otchedwa glyphosate, anthu ali ndi nkhawa kuti chakudyacho ndichabwino chotani komanso momwe chopangira chake chimatchedwa AMPA.Ofufuza a National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) akupanga zida zowunikira kuti apititse patsogolo kuyeza kolondola kwa glyphosate ndi AMPA, zomwe nthawi zambiri zimapezeka muzakudya za oat.
Bungwe la Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) limakhazikitsa kulekerera kwa mankhwala ophera tizilombo muzakudya zomwe zimaonedwa kuti ndizotetezeka kudya.Opanga zakudya amayesa malonda awo kuti atsimikizire kuti akutsatira malamulo a EPA.Komabe, kuti atsimikizire zolondola zazotsatira zoyezera, akuyenera kugwiritsa ntchito chinthu cholozera (RM) chokhala ndi glyphosate yodziwika bwino kuti afananize ndi zinthu zawo.
Muzinthu zopangidwa ndi oatmeal kapena oatmeal zomwe zimagwiritsa ntchito mankhwala ambiri ophera tizilombo, palibe zolembera zomwe zingagwiritsidwe ntchito kuyeza glyphosate (chinthu chogwira ntchito mu malonda a Roundup).Komabe, RM yochepa yochokera ku chakudya ingagwiritsidwe ntchito kuyeza mankhwala ena ophera tizilombo.Kuti apange glyphosate ndikukwaniritsa zomwe opanga amapanga, ofufuza a NIST adakonza njira yoyesera kuti asanthule glyphosate m'zakudya 13 za oat zomwe zimapezeka pamalonda kuti adziwe zomwe anthu akufuna.Adapeza glyphosate m'miyeso yonse, ndipo AMPA (yachidule ya amino methyl phosphonic acid) idapezeka mwa atatu mwa iwo.
Kwa zaka zambiri, glyphosate yakhala imodzi mwazinthu zofunika kwambiri ku United States komanso padziko lonse lapansi.Malinga ndi kafukufuku wa 2016, mu 2014 yokha, matani 125,384 a glyphosate adagwiritsidwa ntchito ku United States.Ndi herbicide, mankhwala ophera tizilombo, omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito kuwononga udzu kapena zomera zovulaza zomwe zimawononga mbewu.
Nthawi zina, kuchuluka kwa zotsalira za mankhwala m'zakudya zimakhala zochepa kwambiri.Ponena za glyphosate, imathanso kuphwanyidwa kukhala AMPA, komanso ikhoza kusiyidwa pa zipatso, masamba ndi mbewu.Zotsatira zomwe AMPA zimatha paumoyo wa anthu sizikumveka bwino ndipo akadali gawo lochita kafukufuku.Glyphosate imagwiritsidwanso ntchito kwambiri mumbewu ndi mbewu zina, monga balere ndi tirigu, koma oats ndizochitika zapadera.
Wofufuza wa NIST, a Jacolin Murray, anati: “Oats ndi apadera kwambiri ngati mbewu.”"Tinasankha oats ngati zinthu zoyamba chifukwa opanga zakudya amagwiritsa ntchito glyphosate ngati desiccant kuuma mbewu asanakolole.Oats nthawi zambiri amakhala ndi glyphosate yambiri.Phosphine."Mbewu zowuma zimatha kukolola msanga ndikupangitsa kuti mbeu zizifanana.Malinga ndi wolemba mnzake Justine Cruz (Justine Cruz), chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa ntchito za glyphosate, glyphosate nthawi zambiri imapezeka kuti ndi yapamwamba kuposa mankhwala ena ophera tizilombo.
Zitsanzo 13 za oatmeal mu kafukufukuyu zinaphatikizapo oatmeal, oatmeal waung'ono mpaka wokonzedwa kwambiri, ndi ufa wa oat kuchokera ku njira zaulimi wamba komanso zaulimi.
Ofufuzawa adagwiritsa ntchito njira yabwino yochotsera glyphosate muzakudya zolimba, kuphatikiza ndi njira zomwe zimatchedwa liquid chromatography ndi mass spectrometry, kusanthula glyphosate ndi AMPA mu zitsanzo.Mu njira yoyamba, chitsanzo cholimba chimasungunuka mumadzi osakaniza ndipo glyphosate amachotsedwa ku chakudya.Kenaka, mu chromatography yamadzimadzi, glyphosate ndi AMPA mu chitsanzo chotsitsa zimasiyanitsidwa ndi zigawo zina mu chitsanzo.Pomaliza, misa spectrometer imayesa kuchuluka kwa misa-to-charge ya ma ayoni kuti azindikire mitundu yosiyanasiyana yachitsanzo.
Zotsatira zawo zidawonetsa kuti zitsanzo za chimanga cham'mawa (26 ng pa gramu) ndi zitsanzo za ufa wa oat (11 ng pa gramu) zinali zotsika kwambiri za glyphosate.Mlingo wapamwamba kwambiri wa glyphosate (1,100 ng pa gram) udapezeka mumwambo wamba wa oatmeal.Zomwe zili mu AMPA mu organic ndi oatmeal wamba ndi oat-based zitsanzo ndizotsika kwambiri kuposa glyphosate.
Zomwe zili mu glyphosate zonse ndi AMPA mu oatmeal ndi oat-based grains ndizotsika kwambiri ndi kulekerera kwa EPA kwa 30 μg/g.Murray adati: "Mlingo wapamwamba kwambiri wa glyphosate womwe tidayezera udali wochepera 30 kuposa malire omwe amawongolera."
Malingana ndi zotsatira za phunziroli komanso kukambirana koyambirira ndi anthu omwe ali ndi chidwi chofuna kugwiritsa ntchito RM kwa oatmeal ndi oat mbewu, ofufuzawo adapeza kuti kupanga RM (50 ng pa gramu) ndi kuchuluka kwa RM kungakhale kopindulitsa.Mmodzi (500 nanograms pa gramu).Ma RM awa ndi opindulitsa ku malo oyesa zaulimi ndi zakudya komanso opanga zakudya, omwe amafunikira kuyesa zotsalira za mankhwala ophera tizilombo muzopangira zawo ndipo amafunikira muyezo wolondola kuti afananize nawo.