(Kupatula mankhwala ophera tizilombo, Okutobala 1, 2019) Malinga ndi kafukufuku wofalitsidwa mu “Chemosphere”, ma fungicide omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri amatha kuyambitsa trophic cascade reaction, yomwe imatsogolera kuchulukira kwa algae.Ngakhale kuti njira zamakono zowonongera mankhwala ku United States zimayang'ana kwambiri poizoni wa mankhwala ophera tizilombo ndipo zingaganizire zotsatira zina zosatha, zovuta zenizeni zomwe zafotokozedwa mu kafukufukuyu sizinawunikidwe.Mipata pakuwunika kwathu sikudzangobweretsa zotsatira zoyipa pamtundu uliwonse, komanso ku chilengedwe chonse.
Ofufuza adafufuza momwe tizilombo toyambitsa matenda otchedwa chytrids timalamulira kukula kwa phytoplankton.Ngakhale kuti mitundu ina ya ma chytrid ndi yodziwika bwino chifukwa cha zotsatira zake pa mitundu ya achule, ena amapereka malo ofunikira oimitsa zachilengedwe.
Wofufuza wa IGB Dr. Ramsy Agha anati: “Mwa kupatsira cyanobacteria, bowa wa parasitic amalepheretsa kukula kwawo, motero amachepetsa kuphuka ndi kukula kwa maluwa oopsa a ndere.”"Ngakhale kuti nthawi zambiri timaganiza za matenda ngati chinthu choipa, tizilombo toyambitsa matenda ndi zofunika kwa chilengedwe cha m'madzi.Ofufuzawo adawonjezeranso kuti kuipitsa komwe kumachitika chifukwa cha fungicide kumatha kusokoneza njira yachilengedweyi.
M'malo a labotale, ma fungicides a penbutaconazole ndi azoxystrobin adayesedwa motsutsana ndi cyanobacteria omwe adakhudzidwa ndi maluwa a chyle ndi poizoni.Gulu lolamulira linakhazikitsidwanso kuti lifananize zotsatira zake.Pazinthu zomwe zitha kuchitika m'dziko lenileni, kukhudzana ndi ma fungicides awiriwa kumabweretsa kuchepa kwakukulu kwa matenda a filarial parasite.
Zotsatirazi zikuwonetsa kuti kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala opha fungicides kumatha kulimbikitsa kukula kwa ndere zowononga poletsa tizilombo toyambitsa matenda, ndipo tizilombo toyambitsa matenda titha kuwongolera kukula kwawo.
Aka sikanali koyamba kuti mankhwala ophera tizilombo atenge nawo mbali pakupanga ndere zowononga.Kafukufuku wofalitsidwa mu nyuzipepala ya Nature mu 2008 adapeza kuti herbicide attriazine ikhoza kupha ndere zaulere za planktonic, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti algae omwe amamangiriridwawo asakule.Mu kafukufukuyu, ofufuzawo adapeza zovuta zina pamlingo wachilengedwe.Kukula kwa algae wolumikizidwa kumabweretsa kuchuluka kwa nkhono, zomwe zimatha kupatsira tizilombo ta amphibian.Chotsatira chake, nkhono zambiri ndi kuchuluka kwa tizilombo toyambitsa matenda kumapangitsa kuti chiwerengero cha achule chikhale chokwera kwambiri, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti chiwerengero cha anthu chichepe.
Beyond Pesticides ikugwira ntchito yodziwitsa anthu za zotsatira zosamvetsetseka koma zovuta zomwe zimachitika pakugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala ophera tizilombo.Monga tafotokozera mu kafukufuku wofalitsidwa sabata yatha, kafukufukuyu akuti mbalame 3 biliyoni zatayika kuyambira 1970, zomwe zimawerengera 30% ya anthu onse a US.Lipotilo si lipoti chabe la mbalame, ndi za , Hookworms ndi malipoti a kuchepa kwa cad, kupanga zakudya zamtundu wa intaneti.
Monga momwe wolemba mnzake wa kafukufukuyu Dr. Justyna Wolinska ananenera kuti: “Pamene kulima ndi kuzindikiritsa bowa wa m’madzi m’ma laboratories asayansi kukupitirizira kuwongolera, kupendekera kwa ngozi kuyenera kulingalira za mmene mankhwala ophera bowa amakhudzira bowa wa m’madzi.”Sikoyenera kokha kulingalira nkhani zomwe zatulutsidwa ndi kafukufuku wamakono., Koma tiyeneranso kuganizira kufalikira kwa njira yogwiritsira ntchito mankhwala ophera tizilombo.
Kuti mudziwe zambiri za momwe mankhwala ophera tizilombo amakhudzira chakudya chonse komanso chilengedwe, onani Beyond Pesticides.Kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala ophera tizilombo kumayika pachiwopsezo mitundu yayikulu m'chilengedwe chonse.