Lupins posachedwapa idzalimidwa mosinthasintha m'madera ena a UK, kupatsa alimi mbewu zokolola zambiri, phindu lomwe lingakhale lokwera, komanso phindu lokulitsa nthaka.
Mbeu ndi puloteni yapamwamba kwambiri yomwe ingalowe m'malo mwa soya wotumizidwa kunja komwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito pogawira ziweto ndipo ndi yokhazikika m'malo mwa UK.
Komabe, monga mkulu wa Soya UK David McNaughton adanena, izi si mbewu zatsopano.“Adabzalidwa kuyambira 1996, pafupifupi mahekitala 600-1,200 amabzalidwa chaka chilichonse.
"Ndiye sizili choncho kwa munthu yemwe ali ndi magawo angapo.Ndi mbewu yokhazikika kale ndipo ikhoza kukulitsidwa mosavuta chifukwa tikudziwa momwe tingakulire.”
Nanga n’cifukwa ciani mbeu za kasupe zisanacoke?Bambo McNaughton adanena kuti pali zifukwa ziwiri zazikulu zomwe derali likhalebe static.
Choyamba ndi kuletsa udzu.Mpaka posachedwa, popeza panalibe njira yovomerezeka yamankhwala, idakhala mutu.
Koma m'zaka zitatu kapena zinayi zapitazi, zinthu zakhala zikuyenda bwino ndi kukulitsa kwa chilolezo chamankhwala atatu opha udzu kuti agwiritse ntchito kachiwiri.
Izi ndi nirvana (imassamo + pendimethalin), S-foot (pendimethalin) ndi garmit (clomazone).Palinso njira yosinthira ku Lentagran (pyridine).
"Tili ndi mbewu zomwe zimamera kale komanso zomveka zikamera, ndiye kuti mbewu zapano zikufanana ndi nandolo."
Cholepheretsa china ndi kusowa kwa msika komanso kusowa kokwanira kwa opanga chakudya.Komabe, pamene Frontier ndi ABN amachita kafukufuku wotheka pa white lupine (onani gulu) monga chakudya cha ziweto, zinthu zikhoza kusintha.
Bambo McNaughton ananena kuti chimodzi mwa zinthu zofunika kwambiri pa kutchuka kwa lupine ndi khalidwe lake lapamwamba.Lupini ndi soya zonse zili ndi ma amino acid okhala ndi sulfure, omwe ndi ofunikira pakudya kwa nkhumba ndi nkhuku komanso ng'ombe za mkaka zobereka kwambiri."Akufuna mafuta a rocket, soya ndi lupins."
Choncho, ngati pali chomera chosakaniza, a McNaughton adzagwira ntchito ndi ogula kuti awone malo omwe abzalidwa ku mbewu akukulirakulira mpaka maekala masauzande ambiri.
Ndiye makampani aku UK aziwoneka bwanji?Bambo McNaughton amakhulupirira kuti malinga ndi malo, zidzakhala zosakaniza za buluu ndi zoyera.
Iye anafotokoza kuti buluu, woyera ndi wachikasu lupines kwenikweni mitundu yosiyanasiyana, monga tirigu, balere ndi oats ndi mbewu zosiyana.
White lupine imagwira bwino ntchito, yokhala ndi mapuloteni 38-40%, mafuta okwana 10%, ndi zokolola za 3-4t/ha."Tsiku labwino, adzafika 5t/ha."
Choncho, azungu ndi chisankho choyamba, koma ku Lincolnshire ndi Staffordshire, amalimbikitsa kusintha kukhala buluu chifukwa amakhwima msanga, makamaka ngati wolima alibenso diquat youma.
Bambo McNaughton ananena kuti malupi oyera amalekerera bwino ndipo amatha kumera m’nthaka ya pH 7.9, pamene buluu amatha kukula pa pH 7.3.
"Chowonadi, mizu ikakumana ndi vuto la alkaline, mukakhala ndi vuto lachitsulo chosatha, musamakulire pamalo otsetsereka a choko."
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Padothi, zimakhala bwino, koma pa dongo lokhuthala, lokhakhakhakhakha, labwino.Ayeneranso kukakamizidwa. ”
Ananenanso kuti mchenga wochokera ku Nottinghamshire, ndi mchenga wochokera ku Blakelands ndi Dorset ndi wabwino ku mbewu.Ananenanso kuti: “Malo ambiri olima ku East Anglia, East Midlands ndi Cambridgeshire achita bwino.
Pali zabwino zambiri kwa alimi.Choyamba ndi chakuti mtengo wawo wobzala ndi wotsika, ndipo amafunikira ndalama zochepa.Poyerekeza ndi mbewu zina monga kugwiriridwa kwamafuta, sizimakhudzidwa ndi tizirombo ndi matenda.
Matenda amodzi, anthracnose, amatha kuvulaza kwambiri ngati sakuthandizidwa.Koma ndikosavuta kuzindikiridwa ndi mankhwala ndikukonzedwa ndi mankhwala ophera tizilombo amchere.
A McNaughton adawonetsa kuti lupine ndi yabwino kuposa nyemba pokonza nayitrogeni, 230-240kg/ha ndi 180kg/ha motsatana."Mudzawona tirigu ali ndi zokolola zambiri za lupine."
Monga flaxseed, lupins ndiabwino pokonza dothi komanso kutulutsa zakudya m'nthaka chifukwa mizu ya nyemba imatulutsa ma organic acid.
Pankhani ya chakudya, mwachiwonekere ndi amtengo wapatali kuposa nyemba, ndipo ogulitsa zakudya zamagulu amati amakhulupirira kuti 1 kg ya lupine silingana ndi 1 kg ya soya.
Choncho, Bambo McNaughton adanena kuti ngati mukuganiza kuti ali penapake pakati pa nyemba ndi soya, ndi ofunika pafupifupi £ 275 / tani, poganiza kuti soya ndi £ 350 / tani, ndipo nyemba ndi £ 200 / tani.
Malingana ndi mtengo umenewu, phindu lidzawonjezeka, ndipo ngati zotsatira zake ndi 3.7t / ha, zotsatira zonse ndi £ 1,017 / ha.Choncho, mtengo wa mapaundi 250 pa hekitala ukuwonjezeka, mbewuyi ikuwoneka yokongola.
Mwachidule, lupine imatha kukhala mbewu yamtengo wapatali, kuwongolera kasinthasintha komanso thanzi la nthaka, ndipo kukula kwa UK ndi kofanana ndi nandolo zophatikizika.
Koma zinthu zasintha.Chifukwa cha nkhawa zomwe zikuchulukirachulukira za soya zochokera kunja, chidwi chochulukirapo chikuperekedwa ku magwero okhazikika a protein ku UK.
Ichi ndichifukwa chake ABN (onani gulu) imayang'ananso mbewu, ndipo izi zitha kukhala zomwe zimafunikira kuti mbewu zichoke.
AB Agri ali ndi madipatimenti okhudzana ndi zaulimi ndi chakudya ku Border Agriculture ndi ABN, ndipo pakali pano akuphunzira kuthekera kophatikiza lupine yomwe imabzalidwa ku UK ku chakudya cha ziweto.
Gululi likuyang'ana magwero atsopano komanso ena okhazikika a protein omwe angagwiritsidwe ntchito pazakudya za nkhumba ndi nkhuku.
Cholinga cha kafukufuku wotheka ndikugwiritsa ntchito ukatswiri waukadaulo wopanga mbewu wa Frontier kuti aphunzire momwe angakulire lupins, kenako ndikutha kukwera kuti ophatikizirawo akhale ndi chidaliro pakugawika kwa mapuloteni.
Kafukufukuyu adayamba mu 2018, ndipo chaka chatha, makamaka ku Kent, panali mahekitala 240-280 a lupine yoyera pansi.Kubowola kudzachitika m'madera ofanana masika mawa.
Malinga ndi a Robert Nightingale, katswiri wa za mbewu ndi kupirira ku Frontier, zokolola zoyera chaka chatha zidaposa matani 4 pa hekitala.
Maphunziro ambiri aphunziridwa, kuphatikizapo kufunika kosankha malo oyenera.Lupins nthawi zambiri ndi abwino ku dothi lopepuka kapena lopepuka chifukwa sakonda kukumbatirana.
"Amakhudzidwa ndi pH, ndipo mukapezeka, amavutika.Akatswiri athu azamalimi awona ngati wolima aliyense akuyenera kutengera malo ndi dothi asanapereke kafukufukuyu.”
Mbewu zimafunikira chakumwa zikakhazikika.Koma mvula ikagwa, imapirira chilala kuposa nandolo ndi nyemba ndipo imakhala ndi mizu yokulirapo.
Pakuwongolera udzu, Frontier akuyang'ana njira zina zophera udzu kuti awonjezere chilolezo chake kuti agwiritse ntchito zina.
Sizokwanira kutseka mpata, koma malinga ndi mtundu wa dothi, zikhoza kukhala zokolola zothandiza.
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