Roberto Lopez thiab Kellie Walters, Department of Horticulture, Michigan State University-May 16, 2017
Cov huab cua kub thiab cov alkalinity ntawm cov cab kuj dej thaum lub sij hawm daim ntawv thov yuav cuam tshuam qhov kev ua tau zoo ntawm ethephon cog kev loj hlob regulator (PGR) daim ntawv thov.
Cog kev loj hlob regulators (PGR) feem ntau yog siv foliar sprays, substrate infusions, hauv ob sab phlu infusions los yog qhov muag teev, tubers thiab rhizomes infusions / infusions.Kev siv cov noob caj noob ces ntawm cov qoob loo cog qoob loo tuaj yeem pab cov neeg cog qoob loo tsim cov nroj tsuag sib xws thiab cog qoob loo uas tuaj yeem ntim tau yooj yim, thauj, thiab muag rau cov neeg siv khoom.Feem ntau ntawm cov PGRs siv los ntawm cov neeg cog qoob loo (piv txwv li, pyrethroid, chlorergot, damazine, fluoxamide, paclobutrazol lossis uniconazole) inhibit qia elongation los ntawm inhibiting biosynthesis ntawm gibberellins (GAs) (Kev loj hlob ntxiv) Gibberellin yog cov tshuaj cog qoob loo uas tswj kev loj hlob.Thiab lub qia yog elongated.
Hauv qhov sib piv, ethephon (2-chloroethyl; phosphonic acid) yog PGR uas muaj ntau yam siv vim nws tso tawm ethylene (ib tsob nroj hormone lub luag haujlwm rau kev loj hlob thiab kev loj hlob) thaum nws siv.Nws tuaj yeem siv los inhibit qia elongation;nce qia txoj kab uas hla;txo apical dominance, ua rau kom muaj zog branching thiab lateral kev loj hlob;thiab ua rau cov paj thiab buds (kev rho menyuam) (duab 1).
Piv txwv li, yog siv thaum lub sij hawm luam tawm, nws tuaj yeem teeb tsa "lub moos lom" ntawm cov qoob loo tsis sib xws lossis tsis sib xws (xws li Impatiens New Guinea) kom xoom los ntawm kev ua kom rho tawm paj thiab paj paj (duab 2).Tsis tas li ntawd, qee cov neeg cog qoob loo siv nws los ua kom cov ceg ntoo thiab txo cov qia elongation ntawm petunia (duab 3).
Yees duab 2. ntxov ntxov thiab tsis sib xws blooming thiab luam tawm ntawm Impatiens New Guinea.Yees duab los ntawm Roberto Lopez, Michigan State University.
Daim duab 3. Petunia kho nrog ethephon tau nce branching, txo internode elongation thiab rho tawm paj buds.Yees duab los ntawm Roberto Lopez, Michigan State University.
Ethephon (piv txwv li, Florel, 3.9% active ingredient; los yog Collate, 21.7% active ingredient) tshuaj tsuag feem ntau yog siv rau tsev cog qoob loo ib mus rau ob lub lis piam tom qab hloov, thiab yuav rov qab siv tau ib mus rau ob lub lis piam tom qab.Ntau yam cuam tshuam rau nws txoj kev ua tau zoo, suav nrog qhov sib piv, ntim, siv cov surfactants, pH ntawm cov tshuaj tsuag, substrate humidity thiab tsev cog khoom av noo.
Cov ntsiab lus hauv qab no yuav qhia koj yuav ua li cas txhawm rau txhim kho daim ntawv thov ntawm cov tshuaj ethephon los ntawm kev saib xyuas thiab kho ob feem ntau tsis saib xyuas kev coj noj coj ua thiab ib puag ncig uas cuam tshuam rau kev ua tau zoo.
Zoo ib yam li feem ntau cov tshuaj hauv tsev cog khoom thiab cov chaw cog noob caj noob ces, ethephon feem ntau yog siv ua kua (txhaj tshuaj) daim ntawv.Thaum ethephon hloov mus rau ethylene, nws hloov los ntawm kua rau roj.Yog hais tias ethephon yog decomposed rau hauv ethylene sab nraum lub Hoobkas, feem ntau ntawm cov tshuaj yuav poob rau hauv cov huab cua.Yog li ntawd, peb xav kom nws nqus los ntawm cov nroj tsuag ua ntej nws tawg mus rau hauv ethylene.Raws li tus nqi pH nce, ethephon sai sai decomposes rau hauv ethylene.Qhov no txhais tau hais tias lub hom phiaj yog tswj cov pH ntawm cov tshuaj tsuag ntawm qhov pom zoo 4 mus rau 5 tom qab ntxiv ethephon rau cov cab kuj dej.Qhov no feem ntau tsis muaj teeb meem, vim tias ethephon yog ib txwm muaj kua qaub.Txawm li cas los xij, yog tias koj cov alkalinity siab, pH yuav tsis poob rau hauv qhov kev pom zoo, thiab koj yuav tsum tau ntxiv ib qho tsis, xws li acid (sulfuric acid los yog adjuvant, pHase5 los yog qhov taw qhia 5) kom qis pH..
Ethephon yog ib txwm acidic.Raws li qhov concentration nce, pH ntawm cov tshuaj yuav txo.Raws li alkalinity ntawm cov cab cab dej txo, pH ntawm cov tshuaj yuav txo qis (duab 4).Lub hom phiaj ntawm qhov kawg yog ua kom cov pH ntawm cov tshuaj tsuag tsuag nyob nruab nrab ntawm 4 thiab 5. Txawm li cas los xij, cov neeg cog qoob loo ntawm cov dej huv huv (tsis muaj alkalinity) yuav tsum tau ntxiv lwm cov buffers los tiv thaiv pH ntawm cov tshuaj tsuag kom tsis txhob qis dhau (pH tsawg dua 3.0. ).
Daim duab 4. Cov nyhuv ntawm dej alkalinity thiab ethephon concentration ntawm pH ntawm cov tshuaj tsuag.Cov kab dub qhia txog kev pom zoo cov neeg nqa dej pH 4.5.
Hauv kev tshawb fawb tsis ntev los no los ntawm Michigan State University, peb siv peb cov dej nqa alkalinities (50, 150 thiab 300 ppm CaCO3) thiab plaub ethephon (Collat​​e, Fine Americas, Inc., Walnut Creek, CA; 0, 250, 500 thiab 750) siv ethephon (ppm) concentration rau ivy geranium, petunia thiab verbena.Peb pom tias raws li alkalinity ntawm cov cab cab dej txo qis thiab qhov concentration ntawm ethephon nce, qhov ductility loj hlob zuj zus (duab 5).
Daim duab 5. Cov nyhuv ntawm dej alkalinity thiab ethephon concentration ntawm branching thiab flowering ntawm ivy geranium.Duab los ntawm Kelly Walters.
Yog li, MSU Extension xav kom koj xyuas cov alkalinity ntawm cov cab kuj dej ua ntej siv ethephon.Qhov no tuaj yeem ua tau los ntawm kev xa cov qauv dej mus rau qhov koj nyiam qhov chaw kuaj, lossis koj tuaj yeem kuaj cov dej nrog lub ntsuas ntsuas alkalinity (Daim duab 6) thiab tom qab ntawd ua qhov tsim nyog kho raws li tau piav qhia saum toj no.Tom ntej no, ntxiv ethephon thiab xyuas pH ntawm cov tshuaj tsuag nrog lub ntsuas pH ntawm tes kom paub tseeb tias nws nyob nruab nrab ntawm 4 thiab 5.
Daim duab 6. Portable handheld alkalinity meter, uas tuaj yeem siv hauv tsev cog khoom los txiav txim siab alkalinity ntawm dej.Duab los ntawm Kelly Walters.
Peb kuj tau txiav txim siab tias qhov kub thiab txias thaum siv tshuaj lom neeg kuj yuav cuam tshuam rau kev ua tau zoo ntawm ethephon.Raws li huab cua kub nce, tus nqi ntawm ethylene tso tawm ntawm ethephon nce, theoretically txo nws cov kev ua tau zoo.Los ntawm peb cov kev tshawb fawb, peb pom tias ethephon muaj txiaj ntsig txaus thaum daim ntawv thov kub ntawm 57 thiab 73 degrees Fahrenheit.Txawm li cas los xij, thaum qhov kub nce mus txog 79 degrees Fahrenheit, ethephon yuav luag tsis muaj kev cuam tshuam rau kev loj hlob ntawm elongation, txawm tias ceg loj hlob lossis paj tawg rho tawm (duab 7).
Daim duab 7. Cov nyhuv ntawm daim ntawv thov kub ntawm qhov ua tau zoo ntawm 750 ppm ethephon spray on petunia.Duab los ntawm Kelly Walters.
Yog tias koj muaj cov dej alkalinity siab, thov siv cov khoom siv los yog cov khoom siv kom txo tau cov alkalinity ntawm cov dej ua ntej sib tov cov tshuaj tsuag thiab thaum kawg ncav cuag tus nqi pH ntawm cov tshuaj tsuag.Xav txog kev txau cov tshuaj ethephon rau hnub huab cua, thaum sawv ntxov lossis yav tsaus ntuj thaum lub tsev cog khoom kub qis dua 79 F.
Ua tsaug.Cov ntaub ntawv no yog raws li kev ua haujlwm txhawb nqa los ntawm Fine Americas, Inc., Western Michigan Tsev cog khoom Association, Detroit Metropolitan Flower Growers Association, thiab Pob Horticultural Co.
Kab lus no yog luam tawm los ntawm Michigan State University.Yog xav paub ntxiv, thov mus saib https://extension.msu.edu.Txhawm rau xa cov ntsiab lus ntawm cov lus ncaj qha rau koj tus email inbox, thov mus saib https://extension.msu.edu/newsletters.Hu rau cov kws tshaj lij hauv koj cheeb tsam, thov mus saib https://extension.msu.edu/experts lossis hu rau 888-MSUE4MI (888-678-3464).
Michigan State University yog ib qho kev lees paub, tus tswv haujlwm sib npaug, cog lus los txhawb txhua tus kom ua tiav lawv lub peev xwm los ntawm ntau haiv neeg ua haujlwm thiab kev coj noj coj ua kom ua tau zoo.Michigan State University cov phiaj xwm nthuav dav thiab cov ntaub ntawv qhib rau txhua tus, tsis hais haiv neeg, xim, lub tebchaws tuaj, poj niam txiv neej, poj niam txiv neej, kev ntseeg, hnub nyoog, qhov siab, qhov hnyav, kev tsis taus, kev ntseeg, kev coj noj coj ua, kev sib deev, kev txij nkawm, tsev neeg, lossis nyiaj laus. Tub rog xwm txheej.Hauv kev koom tes nrog Tebchaws Meskas Lub Tsev Haujlwm Saib Xyuas Kev Ua Liaj Ua Teb, tau tshaj tawm los ntawm MSU nce qib txij lub Tsib Hlis 8 txog rau Lub Rau Hli 30, 1914. Jeffrey W. Dwyer, MSU Extension Director, East Lansing, Michigan, MI48824.Cov ntaub ntawv no yog rau kev kawm nkaus xwb.Kev hais txog cov khoom lag luam lossis cov npe lag luam tsis txhais tau tias lawv tau txais kev pom zoo los ntawm MSU Extension lossis cov khoom nyiam tsis tau hais.4-H lub npe thiab lub logo yog tshwj xeeb tiv thaiv los ntawm Congress thiab tiv thaiv los ntawm code 18 USC 707.