Nematodes yog cov tsiaj txhu ntau tshaj plaws hauv ntiaj teb, thiab nematodes muaj nyob txhua qhov chaw muaj dej hauv ntiaj teb.Ntawm lawv, cov kab mob cab nematodes suav txog 10%, thiab lawv ua rau muaj kev puas tsuaj rau cov nroj tsuag kev loj hlob los ntawm cov kab mob parasitic, uas yog ib qho tseem ceeb uas ua rau muaj kev puas tsuaj loj hauv kev ua liaj ua teb thiab hav zoov.Hauv kev kuaj mob hauv teb, cov kab mob nematode hauv av tau yooj yim tsis meej pem nrog lub cev tsis muaj peev xwm, mob qog noj ntshav hauv paus, clubroot, thiab lwm yam, ua rau muaj qhov tsis zoo lossis tswj tsis tau sijhawm.Tsis tas li ntawd, cov kab mob hauv paus los ntawm kev noj nematode muab lub sijhawm rau kev tshwm sim ntawm cov kab mob hauv av xws li kab mob wilt, blight, hauv paus rot, damping-off, thiab canker, uas ua rau cov kab mob sib xyaw ua ke thiab ua rau muaj kev nyuaj ntawm kev tiv thaiv thiab tswj.

Raws li tsab ntawv ceeb toom, thoob ntiaj teb, txhua xyoo kev lag luam poob los ntawm kev puas tsuaj nematode yog siab li 157 billion US dollars, uas yog piv rau cov kab puas tsuaj.1/10 ntawm kev lag luam tshuaj, tseem muaj qhov chaw loj.Hauv qab no yog qee cov khoom siv tau zoo rau kev kho nematodes ..

1.1 Phosthiazate

Fosthiazate yog ib qho organophosphorus nematicide uas nws lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb ntawm kev ua haujlwm yog inhibit qhov kev sib txuas ntawm acetylcholinesterase ntawm cov hauv paus-knot nematodes.Nws muaj cov yam ntxwv zoo thiab tuaj yeem siv los tswj ntau hom hauv paus-knot nematodes.Txij li thaum Thiazophosphine tau tsim thiab tsim los ntawm Ishihara, Nyiv hauv xyoo 1991, nws tau sau npe hauv ntau lub tebchaws thiab cheeb tsam xws li Europe thiab Tebchaws Meskas.Txij li thaum nkag mus rau Tuam Tshoj xyoo 2002, fosthiazate tau dhau los ua cov khoom tseem ceeb rau kev tswj cov av nematodes hauv Suav teb vim nws cov txiaj ntsig zoo thiab kev ua haujlwm siab.Nws cia siab tias nws yuav nyob twj ywm cov khoom tseem ceeb rau cov av nematode tswj nyob rau hauv ob peb xyoos tom ntej no.Raws li cov ntaub ntawv los ntawm Tuam Tshoj cov ntaub ntawv tshuaj tua kab, txij li Lub Ib Hlis 2022, muaj 12 lub tuam txhab hauv tsev uas tau sau npe fosthiazate technicals, thiab 158 qhov kev npaj sau npe, suav nrog cov qauv tsim xws li emulsifiable concentrate, dej-emulsion, microemulsion, granule, thiab microcapsule.Suspending agent, soluble agent, compound object mas yog abamectin.

Fosthiazate yog siv ua ke nrog cov amino-oligosaccharins, alginic acid, amino acids, humic acids, thiab lwm yam, uas muaj lub luag haujlwm ntawm mulching, txhawb cov hauv paus hniav thiab txhim kho av.Nws yuav dhau los ua ib qho kev taw qhia tseem ceeb rau kev txhim kho kev lag luam yav tom ntej.Kev tshawb fawb los ntawm Zheng Huo et al.tau pom tias cov nematicide compounded nrog thiazophosphine thiab amino-oligosaccharidins muaj kev tswj zoo ntawm citrus nematodes, thiab tuaj yeem cuam tshuam nematodes hauv thiab ntawm rhizosphere av ntawm citrus, nrog rau kev tswj cov nyhuv ntawm ntau tshaj 80%.Nws yog qhov zoo tshaj rau thiazophosphine thiab amino-oligosaccharin ib tus neeg ua haujlwm, thiab muaj cov txiaj ntsig zoo ntawm cov hauv paus kev loj hlob thiab tsob ntoo vigor rov qab.

1.2 Abamectin

Abamectin yog ib qho macrocyclic lactone compound nrog insecticidal, acaricidal thiab nematicidal cov dej num, thiab ua tiav lub hom phiaj ntawm kev tua los ntawm stimulating kab kom tso tawm γ-aminobutyric acid.Abamectin tua nematodes hauv qoob loo rhizosphere thiab av feem ntau los ntawm kev sib cuag tua.Raws li lub Ib Hlis 2022, tus naj npawb ntawm cov khoom lag luam sau npe hauv tsev abamectin yog kwv yees li 1,900, thiab ntau dua 100 tau sau npe rau kev tswj hwm ntawm nematodes.Ntawm lawv, kev sib xyaw ntawm abamectin thiab thiazophosphine tau ua tiav cov txiaj ntsig zoo thiab tau dhau los ua qhov tseem ceeb ntawm kev txhim kho.

Ntawm ntau cov khoom abamectin, ib qho uas yuav tsum tau tsom mus rau yog abamectin B2.Abamectin B2 suav nrog ob lub ntsiab lus xws li B2a thiab B2b, B2a / B2b yog ntau dua 25, B2a nyob rau hauv cov ntsiab lus feem ntau, B2b yog tus lej, B2 yog tag nrho cov tshuaj lom thiab lom, cov tshuaj toxicity qis dua B1, cov tshuaj toxicity raug txo. , thiab kev siv yog kev nyab xeeb thiab ntau tus phooj ywg ib puag ncig.

Kev ntsuam xyuas tau ua pov thawj tias B2, raws li cov khoom tshiab ntawm abamectin, yog ib qho zoo heev nematicide, thiab nws cov tshuaj tua kab sib txawv ntawm B1.Cog nematodes yog cov nquag nquag thiab muaj kev lag luam dav dav.

1.3 Fluopyram

Fluopyram yog ib qho kev sib txuas nrog cov txheej txheem tshiab ntawm kev ua haujlwm tsim los ntawm Bayer Crop Science, uas tuaj yeem xaiv inhibit complex II ntawm cov kab mob ua pa hauv nematode mitochondria, uas ua rau lub zog sai sai hauv cov hlwb nematode.Fluopyram nthuav tawm txawv txav hauv cov av ntau dua li lwm yam, thiab tuaj yeem faib tau maj mam thiab sib npaug hauv rhizosphere, tiv thaiv cov hauv paus hniav los ntawm kab mob nematode zoo dua thiab ntev.

1.4 Tluazaindolizine

Tluazaindolizine yog ib qho pyridimidazole amide (los yog sulfonamide) non-fumigant nematicide tsim los ntawm Corteva, siv rau zaub, txiv hmab txiv ntoo, qos yaj ywm, txiv lws suav, txiv hmab txiv ntoo, citrus, gourds, nyom, txiv hmab txiv ntoo pob zeb, luam yeeb, thiab cov qoob loo, thiab lwm yam., tuaj yeem ua tau zoo. tswj haus luam yeeb hauv paus-knot nematodes, qos stem nematodes, soybean cyst nematodes, strawberry slippery nematodes, ntoo thuv ntoo nematodes, grain nematodes thiab luv-lub cev (hauv paus rot) nematodes, thiab lwm yam.

Cov ntsiab lus

Nematode tswj yog kev sib ntaus sib tua ntev.Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, kev tswj hwm nematode yuav tsum tsis txhob cia siab rau kev sib ntaus sib tua ntawm tus kheej.Nws yog ib qho tsim nyog los tsim kom muaj kev tiv thaiv thiab tswj kev daws teeb meem nrog kev tiv thaiv cov nroj tsuag, kev txhim kho av, kev noj zaub mov ntawm cov nroj tsuag, thiab kev tswj xyuas teb.Nyob rau hauv lub sij hawm luv luv, kev tswj tshuaj lom neeg tseem yog qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws ntawm kev tswj nematode nrog cov txiaj ntsig ceev thiab zoo;nyob rau hauv lub sij hawm ntev, kev tswj kev lom neeg yuav ua tiav kev loj hlob sai.Kev nrawm ntawm kev tshawb fawb thiab kev tsim cov tshuaj tua kab tshiab ntawm nematicides, kev txhim kho cov txheej txheem ntawm kev npaj, nce kev lag luam kev lag luam, thiab ua txoj haujlwm zoo hauv kev txhim kho thiab kev siv cov koom haum sib koom ua ke yuav yog lub hom phiaj ntawm kev daws teeb meem ntawm qee hom nematicide.