ʻO nā pesticides he pūhui kemika i hoʻohana ʻia no ka pepehi ʻana i nā mea pests, e like me nā iniseti, rodents, fungi a me nā mea kanu ʻino (weeds).Eia kekahi, hoʻohana ʻia lākou i ke olakino lehulehu e pepehi i nā mea maʻi e like me ka makika.No ka mea hiki ke hoʻopōʻino i nā meaola ʻē aʻe, me ke kanaka, pono e hoʻohana pono ʻia nā pesticides a mālama pono ʻia.
Ma ka hana, hiki i ka ʻike ʻana i nā pesticides ma ka home a i ʻole ma ka māla ke hopena i ka ʻike ʻana i nā pesticides, no ka laʻana ma o ka meaʻai i haumia.Hoʻoponopono ka WHO i nā hōʻike a hoʻonohonoho i nā palena palena ʻoi loa i ʻike ʻia ma ke ao holoʻokoʻa e pale aku i nā poʻe mai nā pōʻino olakino i hoʻokumu ʻia e nā pesticides.2
Hoʻohana pinepine ʻia ka chromatography wai hana kiʻekiʻe (HPLC) no ka hoʻohālikelike ʻana i ka neʻe ʻana o nā mea hana i loko o nā pesticides.Eia nō naʻe, pono kēia ʻano chromatography i ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā mea hoʻoheheʻe ʻawaʻawa, a he mea hoʻopau manawa a hoʻomaʻamaʻa maikaʻi ʻia, e hopena i nā kumukūʻai kiʻekiʻe no ka loiloi maʻamau.Hiki ke mālama i ka manawa a me ke kālā me ka ho'ohana 'ana i ka 'ike maka kokoke i ka infrared spectroscopy (Vis-NIRS) ma kahi o HPLC.
No ka hoʻāʻo ʻana i ka pono o ka hoʻohana ʻana iā Vis-NIRS ma kahi o HPLC, ua hoʻomākaukau ʻia nā laʻana pesticide 24-37 me ka ʻike ʻia ʻana o ka hui pū ʻana: abamectin EC, amimectin EC, cyfluthrin EC, cypermethrin, a me glyphosate.E loiloi i ka pilina ma waena o nā loli.ʻIkepili Spectral a me nā waiwai kuhikuhi.
Hoʻohana ʻia ʻo NIRS RapidLiquid analyser no ka loaʻa ʻana o ka spectrum o kona laulā holoʻokoʻa holoʻokoʻa (400-2500 nm).Hoʻokomo ʻia ka hāpana i loko o kahi ʻōmole aniani hoʻopau me ke anawaena o 4 mm.Hoʻohana ʻia ʻo Vision Air 2.0 Complete software no ka hōʻiliʻili ʻikepili a me ka hoʻokele ʻana a me ka hoʻomohala ʻana i ke ʻano quantitative.Ua hana ʻia ka hoʻihoʻi ʻana o nā ʻāpana liʻiliʻi loa (PLS) ma kēlā me kēia hāpana i kālailai ʻia, a ua noi ʻia ka hoʻopaʻa ʻana i loko (e waiho i hoʻokahi i waho) e hōʻoia i ka hana o ke kumu hoʻohālike i loaʻa i ka wā o ka hoʻomohala ʻana.
Kiʻi 1. Hoʻohana ʻia ka NIRS XDS RapidLiquid analyzer no ka loaʻa ʻana o ka ʻikepili spectral ma luna o ka laulā holoʻokoʻa o 400 nm a 2500 nm.
No ka helu ʻana i kēlā me kēia pūhui i loko o ka pesticide, ua hoʻokumu ʻia kahi kumu hoʻohālike e hoʻohana ana i ʻelua mau mea, me ka calibration standard error (SEC) o 0.05% a me kahi cross-validation standard error (SECV) o 0.06%.No kēlā me kēia pūhui kūpono, ʻo nā waiwai R2 ma waena o ka waiwai kuhikuhi i hāʻawi ʻia a me ka waiwai i helu ʻia ʻo 0.9946, 0.9911, 0.9912, 0.0052, a me 0.9952.
Kiʻi 2. Nā kikoʻī ʻikepili maka o nā laʻana pesticide 18 me ka ʻike abamectin ma waena o 1.8% a me 3.8%.
Kiʻi 3. Ka pakuhi pili ma waena o ka ʻike abamectin i wānana ʻia e Vis-NIRS a me ka waiwai kuhikuhi i loiloi ʻia e HPLC.
Kiʻi 4. ʻO ka ʻike kikoʻī maka o 35 mau pesticide laʻana, kahi o 1.5-3.5% ka nui o ka amomycin.
Kiʻi 5. Ka pakuhi hoʻoponopono ma waena o nā mea amimectin i wānana ʻia e Vis-NIRS a me ka waiwai kuhikuhi i loiloi ʻia e HPLC.
Kiʻi 6. Nā kikoʻī ʻikepili maka o 24 mau lāʻau pesticide me ka cyfluthrin concentrations o 2.3-4.2%.
Kiʻi 7. Ka pakuhi pili ma waena o ka cyfluthrin maʻiʻo i wānana ʻia e Vis-NIRS a me ka waiwai kuhikuhi i loiloi ʻia e HPLC.
Kiʻi 8. ʻO ka ʻike kikoʻī maka o 27 mau lāʻau pesticide me ka cypermethrin o ka 4.0-5.8%.
Kiʻi 9. Ka pakuhi hoʻoponopono ma waena o ka cypermethrin maʻiʻo i wānana ʻia e Vis-NIRS a me ka waiwai kuhikuhi i loiloi ʻia e HPLC.
Kiʻi 10. ʻO ka kikoʻī ʻikepili maka o 33 mau lāʻau pesticide me ka ʻike glyphosate o 21.0-40.5%.
Kiʻi 11. Ka pakuhi pili ma waena o ka maʻiʻo glyphosate i wānana ʻia e Vis-NIRS a me ka waiwai kuhikuhi i loiloi ʻia e HPLC.
ʻO kēia mau koina hoʻohālikelike kiʻekiʻe ma waena o ka waiwai kuhikuhi a me ka waiwai i helu ʻia me ka hoʻohana ʻana iā Vis-NIRS e hōʻike ana he ʻano hilinaʻi nui a ʻoi aku ka wikiwiki no ka mālama ʻana i ka maikaʻi pesticide i hoʻohālikelike ʻia i ke ʻano HPLC maʻamau.No laila, hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia ʻo Vis-NIRS ma ke ʻano he koho i ka chromatography wai hana kiʻekiʻe no ka nānā ʻana i ka pesticide maʻamau a hiki ke mālama i ka manawa a me ke kālā.
Metrohm (2020, Mei 16).Ka helu helu ʻana o ʻelima mau mea pono i loko o nā pesticides e ka mālamalama ʻike kokoke i ka spectroscopy infrared.AZoM.Ua kiʻi ʻia mai https://www.azom.com/article.aspx?ArticleID=17683 ma ka lā 16 o Dekemaba, 2020.
Ua hoʻohālikelike ʻo Metrohm i ʻelima mau mea ikaika i loko o nā pesticides ma o ka spectroscopy infrared ʻike ʻia a kokoke.AZoM.Kekemapa 16, 2020. .
Ua hoʻohālikelike ʻo Metrohm i ʻelima mau mea ikaika i loko o nā pesticides ma o ka spectroscopy infrared ʻike ʻia a kokoke.AZoM.https://www.azom.com/article.aspx?ArticleID=17683.(Loa ʻia ma Dekemaba 16, 2020).
ʻO Metrohm Corporation i ka makahiki 2020. Ua hoʻokō ʻia ka loiloi quantitative o ʻelima mau mea pono i loko o nā pesticides e ka ʻike a kokoke i ka infrared spectroscopy.AZoM, nānā ʻia ma Dekemaba 16, 2020, https://www.azom.com/article.aspx?ArticleID = 17683.
Ma kēia nīnauele, ua kamaʻilio ʻo Simon Taylor, Luna Hoʻokele o Mettler-Toledo GmbH e pili ana i ka hoʻomaikaʻi ʻana i ka noiʻi pākaukau, ka hana ʻana a me ka mana maikaʻi ma o ka titration.
Ma kēia nīnauele, ua kamaʻilio ʻo AZoM lāua ʻo Scintacor ka Luna Nui a me ka ʻenekini nui ʻo Ed Bullard lāua ʻo Martin Lewis e pili ana iā Scintacor, nā huahana o ka hui, nā mea hiki, a me ka ʻike no ka wā e hiki mai ana.
Ua kamaʻilio ka Luna Nui o Bcomp Christian Fischer me AZoM e pili ana i ke komo nui ʻana o McLaren ma Formula One.Ua kōkua ka hui i ka hoʻomohala ʻana i nā noho heihei hoʻohuihui fiber maoli, e ʻōlelo ana i ke kuhikuhi o ka hoʻomohala ʻenehana hoʻomau i ka heihei a me nā ʻoihana kaʻa.
Hoʻohana ʻia ka moʻo FlowCam®8000 o Yokogawa Fluid Imaging Technologies, Inc. no ka kiʻi kiʻi kiʻi a me ka microscopy.
Hana ʻo ZwickRoell i nā mīkini hoʻāʻo paʻakikī no nā noi like ʻole.ʻO kā lākou mau mea kani he mea hoʻohana, ikaika a ikaika.
E ʻimi i ka Zetasizer Labs-he nui o ka nui o ka helu komo a me ka zeta hiki ke nānā aku me nā hiʻohiʻona i hoʻonui ʻia.
Hoʻohana mākou i nā kuki e hoʻomaikaʻi i kou ʻike.Ma ka hoʻomau ʻana i ka nānā ʻana i kēia pūnaewele, ʻae ʻoe i kā mākou hoʻohana ʻana i nā kuki.ʻIke hou aku.