ʻO ka pala ʻulaʻula kahi maʻi mālama nui o ka ʻuala.He kumu ia e ka maʻi pathogen ʻo Phytophthora, Phytophthora, a loaʻa ma nā wahi ulu ʻuala a puni ka honua.
Hoʻopuka hou kēia pathogen i ka lepo momona, no laila pili pinepine ʻia ka maʻi me nā māla haʻahaʻa a i ʻole nā ​​​​wahi wai ʻole.ʻOi aku ka kiʻekiʻe o ka maʻi ma waena o 70°F a me 85°F.
ʻAʻole paha ʻoe e ʻike i ka pala ʻulaʻula ma mua o ka hōʻiliʻili ʻana a i ʻole ka mālama ʻana i nā ʻuala, akā hoʻomaka ia ma ke kula.ʻO nā maʻi maʻi maʻamau mai nā wāwae i hoʻopili ʻia, akā hiki nō hoʻi ke hana ma nā maka a i ʻole nā ​​ʻeha.Hiki nō hoʻi ke laha ʻia ka pala ʻulaʻula mai nā ʻuala a i nā ʻuala i ka wā mālama.
E like me nā pathogens o ka laha hope (Phytophthora infestans) a me ka leakage (Pythium lethal), ʻo ka pathogen popopo ʻulaʻula he oomycete e like me ka haʻo, ʻaʻole he haʻo "maoli".
No ke aha mākou e mālama ai?No ka mea, ʻaʻole pili ka hoʻomalu kemika o nā pathogen fungal i nā oomycetes.Hoʻopili kēia i nā koho hoʻomalu kemika.
ʻO ka mefenfloxacin (e like me Ridomil Gold mai Syngenta, Ultra Flourish mai Nuffam) a me ka metalaxyl (e like me MetaStar mai LG Life Sciences) nā fungicides oomycete i hoʻohana maʻamau ʻia no ka mālama ʻana i ka pala ʻulaʻula.Ua ʻike ʻia ʻo Metalaxyl he metalaxyl-M, he mea like me ka metalaxyl.
Hōʻike ka lepili o ka phosphoric acid i nā manawa a me nā ʻano hana like ʻole.Ma ka Pākīpika Northwest, paipai mākou i ʻekolu a ʻehā mau noi lau, e hoʻomaka me ka nui o ka ʻuala a me ka nui o ke kihi.
Hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia ka waikawa Phosphoric ma ke ʻano he lapaʻau ma hope o ka hōʻiliʻili ʻana ma hope o ke komo ʻana o nā ʻuala.ʻO nā fungicide ʻē aʻe i hoʻohana ʻia e hoʻomalu i ka pala ʻulaʻula he fentrazone (no ka laʻana, Ranman mai Summit Agro), oxatipyrine (no ka laʻana, Orondis mai Syngenta), a me flufentrazone (no ka laʻana, Valent USA Presidio).
E heluhelu pono i ka lepili huahana a e nīnau i nā loea kūloko e pili ana i ke kumukūʻai maikaʻi loa a me ka papa hana ma kou wahi.
ʻO ka mea pōʻino, kūʻē kekahi Rhodopseudomonas i ka metalaxyl.Ua hōʻoia ʻia ke kūʻē ʻana i ka lāʻau lapaʻau ma nā wahi ulu ʻuala ma United States a me Kanada.ʻO ia ke kumu e noʻonoʻo ai kekahi mau mea kanu i nā ala ʻē aʻe e hoʻomalu ai i ka pala ʻulaʻula, e like me ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka waikawa phosphoric.
Pehea ʻoe e ʻike ai inā loaʻa nā mea hoʻokaʻawale ʻākala ʻulaʻula-kūpaʻa i ka metalxyl ma kāu mahiʻai?E hoʻouna i ka laʻana o ka tuber i ke keʻena hoʻokolohua mea kanu a noi iā lākou e hana i kahi hoʻāʻo noʻonoʻo metalaxyl - pono e hōʻike ka ʻuʻa i nā hōʻailona o ka popopo ʻalani.
Ua noiʻi ʻia kekahi mau wahi no ka hoʻoholo ʻana i ka laha ʻana o ka pala ʻulaʻula kūʻē i ka lāʻau.E hana mākou i kahi noiʻi i kēia makahiki ma Wakinekona, Oregon a me Idaho.
Noi mākou i ka poʻe mahiʻai ma ka Pākīpika Northwest e ʻimi i nā hōʻailona o ka pala ʻulaʻula i ka wā e ʻohi ai a nānā ʻana paha i kahi waiho ʻana, a inā loaʻa, e hoʻouna mai iā mākou.He manuahi kēia lawelawe, no ka mea, ua uku ʻia ke kumukūʻai o ka hoʻāʻo mai kahi haʻawina mai ka Northwest Potato Research Association.
ʻO Carrie Huffman Wohleb he kumu aʻoaʻo / loea ʻāina i ka ʻuala, nā mea kanu a me nā hua kanu ma ke Kulanui o Wakinekona State.E nānā i nā moʻolelo mea kākau a pau ma aneʻi.