ʻOiai nā mea kanu parasitic nematodes pili i nā pōʻino nematode, ʻaʻole lākou nā mea kanu mea kanu, akā nā maʻi kanu.

ʻO ka maʻi nematode mea kanu e pili ana i kahi ʻano nematode hiki ke hoʻopaʻa i nā ʻiʻo like ʻole o nā mea kanu, hoʻoulu i ka ʻokiʻoki o nā mea kanu, a hoʻouna i nā mea kanu ʻē aʻe i ka wā e hoʻopili ai i ka mea hoʻokipa, e hōʻike ana i nā hōʻailona maʻi kanu.ʻO nā nematodes parasitic kanu i ʻike ʻia i kēia manawa, ʻo ia nā nematodes root-knot, nematodes lāʻau pine, nematodes soybean cyst a me nā nematodes stem, forerunner nematodes etc.

E lawe i ka nematode root-knot ma ke ʻano he laʻana:

He ʻano koʻikoʻi loa nā nematodes root-knot o nā mea kanu pathogenic nematodes i laha nui ʻia a puni ka honua.I nā ʻāina wela a me nā subtropical me ka nui o ka ua a me ke anuanu, ʻoi loa ka pōʻino o ka nematode root-knot.

No ka mea ʻo ka hapa nui o nā maʻi nematode e kū mai ana ma nā aʻa o nā mea kanu, paʻakikī ke hoʻohana i nā pesticides.A he mea maʻalahi loa ia no nā hanauna e hoʻopili i loko o nā hale ʻōmaʻomaʻo meaʻai, kahi e ulu nui ai, no laila paʻakikī loa ka mālama ʻana i nā nematodes root-knot.

He nui ka nui o ka nematode root-knot, a hiki ke hoʻopaʻa i ka ʻoi aku ma mua o 3000 mau ʻano mea hoʻokipa e like me nā mea kanu, nā meaʻai, nā mea kanu kālā, nā kumu hua, nā mea kanu nani a me nā mauʻu.Ma hope o ka loaʻa ʻana o nā huaʻai me ka nematode root-knot, pōkole nā ​​mea kanu ma luna o ka honua, ʻemi a ʻeleʻele paha nā lālā a me nā lau, ʻoki ʻia ka ulu ʻana, ʻoi aku ka māmā o ka lau e like me ka nele o ka wai, ka ulu ʻana o nā mea kanu maʻi nui. nāwaliwali, e mae ana nā mea kanu i ka maloʻo, a make ka mea kanu a pau i nā hihia koʻikoʻi.

Hiki ke hoʻokaʻawale ʻia nā nemicide kuʻuna i nā fumigants a me nā non-fumigants e like me nā ʻano hana like ʻole.

Hoʻohuhū

Loaʻa iā ia nā hydrocarbons halogenated a me isothiocyanates, a ʻo nā mea fumigants ʻaʻole e komo i ka phosphorus organik a me ka carbamate.ʻO ka methyl bromide a me ka chloropicrin nā mea halogenated hydrocarbons, hiki ke pale i ka synthesis protein o nā nematodes knot root a me ka hopena biochemical i ka hana hanu;ʻO Carbosulfan a me Mianlong no ka methyl isothiocyanate fumigants, hiki ke pale i ka hanu ʻana o nā nematodes aʻa i ka make.

ʻAno fumigation ʻole

Ma waena o nā nematicides non fumigant, thiazolphos, phoxim, phoxim a mechlorpyrifosno ka phosphorus organik, ka carbofuran, aldicarb a me ka carbofuran no ka carbamate.Hoʻopau nā nematicides non fumigant i ka hana o ka ʻōnaehana nerve o nā nematodes knot knot ma o ka hoʻopaʻa ʻana i ka acetylcholinesterase i nā synapses o nā nematodes knot knot.ʻAʻole lākou e pepehi maʻamau i nā nematodes aʻa, akā hiki ke hoʻolilo i nā nematodes knot knot e nalowale i ka hiki ke ʻimi i ka mea hoʻokipa a hoʻopili ʻia, no laila ua kapa ʻia lākou he "nematode paralysis agents".

I kēia manawa, ʻaʻole nui nā nematicides hou, ʻo ia ka fluorenyl sulfone, spiroethyl ester, bifluorosulfone a me fluconazole nā ​​alakaʻi.ʻAbamectina hoʻohana pinepine ʻia nā thiazolophos.Eia kekahi, ma ke ʻano o nā lāʻau pesticides, ʻo Penicillium lilacinus a me Bacillus thuringiensis HAN055 i hoʻopaʻa inoa ʻia ma Konuo i loaʻa i ka mākeke ikaika.