A cikin wata hira da Syngenta's Herbicide Daraktan Samfurin Fasaha na Amurka, Dane Bowers, a cikin wata hira kan yadda dillalai da masu noma yakamata su amsa lokacin 2021, ya ambaci saƙonsa na kai gida a cikin 'yan shekarun da suka gabata: Sarrafa juriya ba ɗan adam bane amma matsalar fasaha.Matsalolin halayya.
"Daga mahangar fasaha, ina tsammanin muna da kyakkyawan ra'ayi.Akwai ƙalubale-kada ku same ni da kuskure,” in ji shi, “amma dukanmu halittu ne na al’ada.Idan yana aiki a gare mu, muna son yin abu iri ɗaya ne. "
Muna so mu yi tunanin cewa 2021 zai kawo murmurewa ta kowane fanni, amma har sai lokacin, wannan lokaci ne mai kyau don fahimtar ainihin sarrafa ciyawa.Sai kawai ka ga wasu ciyawa sun tsere, amma ba su da yawa?Bowles ya ba da shawarar: "Wannan ya kamata ya zama canary a cikin ma'adinan kwal.""Duk lokacin da kuka ga 'yan gudun hijira a cikin daji, ya kamata ku yi tunanin ko na dade ina amfani da shirin, da kuma ko ban hada da isassun wuraren da za a yi aiki a cikin shirin na na ciyawa ba.Wadanne matakai zan dauka domin gujewa wannan lamarin?Yawancin lokaci, a farkon shekara ta juriya, ba za ku yi tunanin kuna da matsala ba, sa'an nan kuma a cikin shekara ta farko ta yi muni a cikin shekaru biyu.A shekara ta uku, bala'i ne.Lallai mataki ne na gaba."
A cikin jerin shawarwarin Bowers na kakar wasa ta gaba, kuma masana aikin gona marasa ƙima sun amince da su: 1) fahimtar ƙalubale na musamman na kowace gona, da magungunan ciyawa, da 2) fahimtar buƙatun fara tsaftacewa da tsaftace ta.Wannan yana nufin amfani da sauran magungunan ciyawa mai ƙarfi kafin fitowar, sannan a shafa ragowar ciyawa mai overlapping kwanaki 14 zuwa 21 bayan haka.Dole ne magungunan herbicides su haɗu da wurare masu tasiri da yawa don rage haɗarin ciyawa mai jurewa iri.
"Mafi mahimmancin sashi sau da yawa shine mafi wahala.A gaskiya ma, mun kasance muna bin tsarin saboda farashin da yanayin muhalli zai hana mu yanke shawara mai kyau, "in ji Drake Copeland, Manajan Sabis na Fasaha na FMC a Ohio, Michigan.
Wolfe ya ce: "Ina tsammanin lokacin yin la'akari da maganin ciyawa, ingantaccen shirin saura tare da hanyoyin aiwatarwa da yawa ya kamata ya zama ɗayan zaɓinku na farko."“Lokacin da kuke tuƙi tare da yamma a watan Agusta da farkon Satumba, wurin da kuke gani yana da sauƙi.Ragowar wadannan mutane ya ragu, kuma an kara yawan ragowar a kakar.Filayen su yayi kyau sosai kuma kusan babu tarin ruwa.Mutanen da suka tsallake ragowar, Minnesota, Iowa da Dakota tabbas sun ga yawan tabar wiwi a ƙarshen lokacin rani da farkon faɗuwa.
Bowers ya jaddada mahimmancin amfani da maganin ciyawa kafin shuka a cikin kayayyakin dicamba, musamman la'akari da cewa Dokta Larry Steckel na Jami'ar Tennessee (L) ya fara gano Palmer a kan dicamba.
Steckel ya rubuta a shafin sa na UT cewa ana sa ran 2021, yanzu ya zama dole a riga an yi amfani da ragowar da ke da inganci ga Palmer.Bugu da ƙari, dole ne a yi amfani da 'yanci nan da nan bayan amfani da dicamba don kawar da tserewa.
Steckel ya nuna cewa wannan shi ne na biyar na herbicide mataki yanayin Palmer ya samar a Tennessee tun 1994. "Idan muka raba 26 shekaru da 5 halaye na aikin, lissafi zai nuna cewa ciyawa za su ci gaba da juriya ga m herbicides a cikin kawai 5.2 shekaru na tartsatsi na tartsatsi shekaru. amfani."
A cikin fayil ɗin samfurin Syngenta, fasaharta ta Tavium Plus VaporGrip dicamba premix ta ƙunshi S-alachlor, wanda ke ba da saura makonni uku fiye da dicamba kaɗai.Kamfanin ya yi iƙirarin cewa lokacin da aka yi amfani da maganin ciyawa bayan fitowa a cikin maganin ciyawa na farko (kamar Boundary 6.5 EC, BroadAxe XC ko Prefix herbicides), "yana ba da mafi kyawun damar da za a wuce maganin ciyawa bayan fitowar a cikin waken soya a cikin wucewa ɗaya".
“Wannan samfuri ne mai ƙarfi sosai, ko da wane irin halayen da kuke da shi, kuna iya sarrafa ciyawa kafin waken soya, kuma yana ba da ɗan sassauci saboda ba mu sanya ƙwai a cikin ragowar marufi.Kuna iya dawowa da wuri don amfani da rukuni na 15 na maganin ciyawa, kuma ya ƙunshi cikakken adadin xylazine. "Dokta Daniel Beran, Daraktan Sabis na Fasaha na Amurka na Nufarm, ya gaya wa CropLife®.
"Za mu iya kawar da wasu rashin tabbas kuma mu kafa tsarin ƙonawa da saura tare da sassauci mai kyau.Idan halayen sun canza ko kayan aikin aikace-aikacen da ke cikin amfanin gona an iyakance su ko kuma wasu lokutan aikace-aikacen sun canza, to dole ne a sami kyakkyawan tsarin sauran ciyawa zai rage wahalar wannan canjin. "Ya nuna cewa yanzu ga Nufarm, yana da ban sha'awa don zama ɓangare na uku a fannin dicamba da fasahar 2,4-D.Lokaci-yana bawa wakilan kamfanoni damar taimakawa masu siyar da su sake koyon abubuwan yau da kullun.
Wani sabon samfurin konewar shuka shine Reviton wanda Helm Agro ya ƙaddamar a Amurka.Yana da PPO mai hana ciyawa tare da sabon abu mai aiki Tergeo don masarar filin, auduga, waken soya da alkama.A cikin gwaje-gwajen haɓaka samfura sama da 700 na Arewacin Amurka da nazarin ƙa'ida, Reviton ya tabbatar da cewa "sama da 50 broadleaf da ciyawa ciyawa (ciki har da ALS, triazine da nau'in juriya na glyphosate) suna da matukar alƙawarin don sarrafa matakin aiki."
Tare da faɗuwar farashin kayayyaki, Copeland ta ga amfanin gona mai kyau (ƙarin amfanin gona) da kuma munanan yanayi (an rage amfani da ciyawa).
Ya ce: "Ragowar maganin ciyawa a cikin aikace-aikacen na gaba shine mabuɗin don kiyaye ragowar ciyawa da ake buƙata don amfanin gona da za a rufe shi a cikin alfarwa," ya ƙara da cewa, "Bugu da ƙari, sauran magungunan ciyawa za a yi watsi da su a kowane aikace-aikacen.Ƙara yawan dawo da iri zuwa bankin iri na ƙasa zai ba da damar ƙarin kuɗi da za a kashe don ƙarin fasfo a cikin filin don tsabtace datti."
Copeland ya yi kira ga Jami'ar Purdue da ta gudanar da bincike, wanda ya gano cewa saura overlap ita ce kawai hanyar da za a rage gudanar da bankin iri na shekara ta farko.Yin jiyya ba tare da tura magungunan herbicides masu ruɓani ba tare da wuraren aiki da yawa ya haifar da ƙaruwa mai yawa a cikin yawan hemp na ruwa mai ci a cikin bankin iri.Sabanin haka, tsarin saura na bayan fitowar na dogon lokaci ya yi amfani da ragowar abubuwan da suka mamaye don rage yawan zafin ruwa Sama da 34% (duba adadi a ƙasa).
Ya ce: "Bayanai irin wannan na iya taimakawa dillalan mu da masana aikin gona suyi magana da masu noma.""Suna iya cewa, 'Na san lokaci yana da wahala, amma idan muna son samun ci gaba mai dorewa a gonar ku, to ba ma buƙatar yanke wani abu, ko a cikin masana'anta ko a saman, za mu iya rage ragowar. maganin ciyawa."
Kamar yadda Dokta Bob Hartzler ya bayyana a cikin Cibiyar Gudanar da Kwari ta Jami'ar Jihar Iowa: "Saboda saurin haɓaka ciyawa masu jure ciyawa, hanyoyin sarrafa ciyawa na yanzu na Iowa suna cikin haɗari Domin kiyaye ingancin ciyawa, dole ne abubuwa biyu su faru: 1) rungumi hadadden ciyawa management;2) canza manufar sarrafa ciyawa daga kare amfanin gona zuwa rage girman bankunan iri.Abin da ake bukata na farko shi ne canza Halaye, na biyu yana bukatar canjin hali.”
Baya ga tsallake-tsallake masu tsadar gaske, Syngenta's Bowers ya kuma yi kashedin game da “na jabu” magunguna don adana kuɗi.
Bowers sun gabatar da daidaitaccen gwajin kwanciyar hankali na ajiya wanda Syngenta yayi akan samfuran gaba ɗaya.Idan ba a tsara abubuwan da ke aiki daidai ba, AI na iya kaiwa juna hari kuma su lalata magungunan da ake samu.Lokacin da mai shuka ya yi amfani da samfur inda kawai 80% na AI ke aiki, ƙila ba zai iya fuskantar matsalolin haɗuwa kawai ba, amma kuma yana iya amfani da shi a ƙaramin rabo fiye da lakabin kuma tasirin herbicidal yana ƙasa da yadda ake tsammani.
Bowers ya ce takamaiman misali shi ne cewa mutane sukan yi amfani da tsari na gaba ɗaya, wanda shine haɗin AI S-metolachlor a cikin Dual II Magnum da AI mesotrione a Callisto, wanda Syngenta zai iya samar da nau'o'in masara iri-iri, irin su Acuron.A cikin premix na mesotrione da S-metolachlor, "Idan S-metolachlor ba a tsara shi da kyau ba, zai lalatar da mesotrione da ke akwai."
Bowers ya kara da cewa: "Yana da kyau yanke shawara a kashe 'yan daloli a gaba da daidaita tsarin ciyawa don samar da ingantacciyar sakamakon ciyawa, ta yadda ciyawar kadada ta fi kyau.Lokacin da farashin kayayyaki ya yi ƙasa, samar da ƙarin gandun daji da yawa haƙiƙa maɓallan ku ne.Ba za mu cece hanyar wadata ba, don haka dole ne mu kiyaye daidaito wajen kashe kudi, amma dole ne mu tabbatar da cewa kun sami darajar jarin ku da kuma dawo da daloli.”
Jackie Pucci babban mai ba da gudummawa ne ga CropLife, PrecisionAg Professional da kuma AgriBusiness Global mujallu.Duba duk labarun marubuci anan.
Lokacin aikawa: Janairu-10-2021