Cibiyoyin Kula da Cututtuka (CDC) suna buga Rahoto na Mako da Mutuwa (MMWR) kowane mako.Likitoci, masu aikin kiwon lafiyar jama'a, masu ilimin cututtuka da sauran masana kimiyya suna amfani da shi.Abin da kuke karantawa a abincin dare ba nishaɗi ba ne.Sai dai in ba ka sani ba, kai ma'aboci ne kamar ni.
Bayanan filin: Mummunan cututtuka masu alaƙa da amfani da belin kwaro-daga 2000 zuwa 2013, jihohi bakwai a Amurka da Kanada.Rahoton Mako da Mutuwar CDC (MMWR), Janairu 17, 2014/63 (02);42-43
Shell Chemical Company ne aka fara rajista da dichlorvos (2,2-dichlorovinyl dimethyl phosphate ko DDVP pest strips) a ƙarƙashin sunan kasuwanci Vapona™ a cikin 1954. Masana ilimin dabbobi, gidajen tarihi da sauran masu karewa sun yi amfani da waɗannan bel na kwari don fumigation na gidan kayan gargajiya. shekarun da suka gabata.
DDVP yana da saurin canzawa, don haka yana yin kyakkyawan aiki na yaduwa a cikin rufaffiyar wurare.Bari in sake faɗin shi-mai canzawa sosai.Tururi daga wani yanki na DDVP zai kori kuma ya kashe kwari a cikin ƙafar cubic 1,200 har zuwa watanni 4.Ƙaƙƙarfan kamshi yana sa ni sha'awa.Wannan ƙamshin samfuran kayan tarihi ne da kabad masu ban sha'awa waɗanda ba a buɗe ba.Wannan shi ne kamshin tsofaffin tarin kwari.
Jijiya suna sadarwa ta hanyar sinadarai ta hanyar gibi ko synapses.Organophosphates suna toshe masu watsawa da kuma wuce gona da iri na jijiyoyi da tsokoki.
DDVP yana kashe kwari da kyau saboda yana ɗaya daga cikin magungunan kashe qwari na organophosphate na ƙarshe a Amurka wanda har yanzu ana iya amfani dashi a cikin gida.Organophosphates na iya zama haɗari, kuma cin zarafi na iya sa bayanka ya yi murzawa kamar mai mutuwa.
Organophosphate yana kashe kwari ta hanyar hana ƙwayoyin jijiyoyi kashe siginonin motsa jiki.Suna toshe acetylcholinesterase, wanda ke cikin tsarin juyayi na duk dabbobi.Yawan kuzarin ƙwayoyin jijiya ta wannan hanyar na iya haifar da rawar jiki, gurgujewa da mutuwa.Abin farin ciki, adadin DVPP da ake buƙata don kashe kwari kadan ne idan aka kwatanta da magungunan kwari da ke haifar da alamu a cikin mutane.
Wani muhimmin abu na aminci shine yadda ake amfani da wannan maganin kashe qwari.Rahoton CDC ya nuna cewa wannan ita ce matsalar.Tsakanin 2000 da 2013, Cibiyar Kula da Tsaro da Lafiya ta Kasa (NIOSH) tsarin tsayayyen tsari ya ba da rahoton cututtuka masu tsanani da suka shafi yankin kwari na dichlorvos.Al’amuran kamar ba su da yawa, amma a cikin kalaman shugabar marubucin binciken, Dokta Rebecca Tsai ta ce: “Wannan ko shakka babu raini ne ga abin da ke faruwa.”Tsarin Sentinel yana da jihohi 12 kawai na Amurka.A cikin ƙaramin samfurin jihar, CDC kawai ta san lamuran da aka ruwaito ga sashen kiwon lafiyar jama'a na jihar.
Ashirin daga cikin shari'o'i 31 (65%) sun yi amfani da DDVP ba daidai ba kuma sun keta umarni da alamun aminci.A matsayin mutum mai horarwa, idan za ku iya amfani da DDVP kawai tare da tabarau, safar hannu, da masu numfashi a cikin rufaffiyar sarari, zai yi sanyi don karanta masu zuwa:
“Yawancin waɗannan cututtukan suna faruwa ne saboda amfani da samfura a wuraren zama na gama gari (kamar dafa abinci da dakuna) waɗanda suka saba wa ƙa'idar alamar….Baya ga yin amfani da tube na rigakafin cutar a wuraren zama, wasu abubuwan sun haɗa da amfani da yawa, da kuma amfani da tarkacen ƙwayoyin cuta Sanya a cikin jakar da aka rufe don sarrafa abubuwan da suka kamu da cutar, rashin kariya daga fata (misali, safar hannu ko rashin iyawa. don wanke fata nan da nan), sanya tsiri a cikin kabad da kayan abinci, a yanyanka tsiri a kanana a yayyage shi, kuma a yi amfani da injin dumama da fanfo don hanzarta yaduwar tururi a cikin tsiri.”
CDC ta yi imanin cewa wani ɓangare na dalilin cin zarafi na DDVP yana da alaƙa da ruɗewar marufi.Wannan hoton yana nuna DDVP guda biyu na kan-da-counter waɗanda ke ƙunshe da samfuran da Amurkawa za su iya saya a mafi yawan manyan kantuna:
Nau'in marufi na farko shine marufi na yau da kullun don babban maƙasudin fili: don ratayewa a wuraren da babu mutane ko don amfani a cikin ɗakunan da aka rufe.Yana da hoto a bayansa, wanda a gani ya nuna cewa ba a yi nufin amfani da shi a wuraren zama ba.Ko a kalla a kusa da TV.
Kunshin software na biyu yana nuna sabon amfani na DDVP: sarrafa kwaro.Nazarin baya-bayan nan ta amfani da DDVP azaman fumigant bug ɗin gado ya nuna sakamako mai ƙarfafawa.
Umurnin da ke cikin marufin bug na DVPP sun ce ya kamata a rufe tarkacen kwaro da ke cikin jakar da katifa na tsawon mako guda don tabbatar da cewa kwaron ya bace.Akwai umarni da yawa a cikin ƙaramin bugu a bayan fakitin."Kada ku yi amfani da shi inda mutane suka zauna na dogon lokaci" yana da ban sha'awa sosai.Har yaushe ake "karawa"?Idan kuna son yin gadon ku ko kayan daki, za ku iya ciyar da ɗan lokaci kaɗan fiye da yadda kuka saba a ɗakin kwanan ku.
Bedbugs a fili shine dalili na yin amfani da DDVP cikin rashin hikima.Bayan karantawa da tattaunawa game da wasu rahotanni, na ɗan yi mamakin cewa babu wani mummunan rauni na mutum da ya faru.Na yarda da CDC cewa ingantacciyar marufi da lakabi za su taimaka wajen tabbatar da cewa mutane suna amfani da DDVP tare da taka tsantsan.
Idan shawarata ce, zan aƙalla sanya kalmomin “Don ƙaunar Allah, kada ku taɓa wannan abu” a cikin kunshin.Ya kamata a sami hanyar da za a nuna a fili cewa fili yana da rikodin lalacewa na jijiyoyi kuma yana yiwuwa carcinogen na mutum a cikin rukunin B2.
Ya kamata a canza sauran ɓangaren lakabin, wato, umarnin da ya fi karfi, kawai amfani da kayan a cikin wuri mai kyau.Dalilin mutuwar DDVP shine karuwa a hankali a cikin matsa lamba na tururi, m saboda akwai babban taro na abubuwa masu ban tsoro a cikin iska.Kuna iya sanya DDVP a cikin kunkuntar sararin samaniya-amma dole ne ku bar ba tare da numfashin komai ba.
A cikin Amurka, ana iya siyan DDVP akan kan tebur kuma a yi amfani da shi a gida.Tun daga 2002, DDVP kawai an taƙaita shi a cikin EU.
EPA ta bincika DDVP shekaru da yawa.Tun da binciken ya nuna cewa DDVP yana da ciwon daji da kuma neurotoxic, EPA ta ba da DDVP zuwa wani shiri na musamman a cikin 1980. A cikin shekaru 10 masu zuwa, DDVP ya shiga cikin wani bita na musamman, kuma kusan dukkanin amfani da abinci an soke.A cikin 1995, Amvac, sabon mai alamar kasuwanci, da son rai ya soke amfani da Vapona a cikin masu feshi, aikace-aikacen jirgin sama da masana'antar abinci.Bayan haka, al'amura sun ɗan daɗe.A cikin 2007, EPA ta cire DDVP daga bita na musamman.Ƙungiyoyi masu zaman kansu da dama, da suka haɗa da Ƙungiyar Kula da Tsuntsayen Amurka da Majalisar Tsaron Albarkatun Ƙasa, sun yi zanga-zangar.A cikin 2008, an daina amfani da DDVP a cikin ƙwanƙolin ƙuma na kare da son rai.Yanzu, ana ƙara wasu sabbin amfani na DDVP azaman fumigants na gado.
Kwanan nan na ba da rahoto game da wani rahoton cututtuka da mace-mace na CDC, wanda ya gano cewa daruruwan mutane sun ji rauni saboda cin zarafin kwari don magance kwari.Matsalolin anan gida biyu ne.
Na farko, wani lokaci yana da wuya a sami ingantaccen bayani game da abin da zai iya sarrafa kwari yadda ya kamata.Yana wanzu-kowace Ma'aikatar Lafiya da Sabis na Tsawaitawa na da wallafe-wallafen kimiyya da yawa akan batun.Kyakkyawan misali shine wannan jerin bidiyoyi na Mutanen Espanya, Hmong, Somaliya da Ingilishi kan yadda ake magance kwari.Anan akwai ingantacciyar labarin kan yadda ake amfani da waɗannan tsiri na kwari lafiya.Ko ta yaya, wannan bayanin baya sadar da shi ga mutanen da suke buƙatarsa.
Wannan ya kai ni ga matsala ta biyu: samun kudin shiga.Idan kuɗin shiga ya yi ƙasa, za ku iya fuskantar matsalolin kwari kuma ba za ku iya samun ƙwararrun kwaro ba.Wataƙila ba ku da wayo ko kwamfuta don samun dama ko nemo albarkatun da ake da su.Wannan shine dalilin da ya sa ba da kudade don fadada jihohi da wayar da kan jama'a da ayyukan kiwon lafiyar jama'a yana da mahimmanci ga dukanmu.
Kodayake CDC ta ba da rahoton matsalar, a zahiri ita ce EPA ta Amurka (Hukumar Kare Muhalli) wacce ta tsara tallace-tallace da lakabin magungunan kashe qwari.Duk wani canje-canje ga wannan rahoton (da rahotannin da suka gabata akan bugu) dole ne a yi ta hanyar EPA.EPA ta kasance tana ba da shawarar sabbin tsare-tsare masu fayyace marufi a baya, don haka ana fatan za su ci gaba da kiyaye wannan yanayin gaba ɗaya.
Amfani da/ko rajista na kowane bangare na wannan gidan yanar gizon yana nufin yarda da yarjejeniyar mai amfani (sabunta zuwa 1/1/20) da manufofin keɓantawa da bayanin kuki (an sabunta zuwa 1/1/20).Haƙƙin sirrin ku na California.Ba za a iya kwafi, rarrabawa, watsawa, cache ko amfani da kayan da ke wannan gidan yanar gizon ba ba tare da izinin rubutaccen izini na CondéNast ba.Zaɓin talla.