Benjamin Phillips, Tsawaita Jami'ar Jihar Michigan;da Mary Mary Hausbeck, Sashen Shuka, Ƙasa da Kimiyyar Ƙwayoyin Halitta, MSU-Mayu 1, 2019
Chlorothalonil (Bravo / Echo / Equus) wani fungicide ne na FRAC M5, wanda aka sani da kasancewa mai sauƙin amfani azaman samfur na tsaye ko azaman abokin haɗin tanki, kuma yana iya hana ƙwayoyin cuta da yawa.Wasu misalan chlorothalonil fungicides da ake amfani da su don sarrafa cututtuka sun hada da tumatir ryegrass leaf blight da 'ya'yan itace rot, tumatir marigayi blight, tumatir anthracnose cikakke 'ya'yan itace rot, cercospora da / ko launin ruwan kasa leaf da seleri petiole blight , Alternaria alternata da yanke cercospora ganye da petiole karas, purple. tabo akan farin bishiyar asparagus, tabo mai ruwan shunayya akan albasa, tafarnuwa da leks, da Alternaria alternata akan cucumbers, pumpkins, pumpkins da kankana.Baya ga waɗannan misalan cututtuka, chlorothalonil kuma yana aiki a matsayin abokin haɗin haɗin tanki mai mahimmanci kuma ana iya amfani dashi azaman fungicide akan mildew mai ƙasa.Saboda nau'ikan aikin sa da yawa, ana iya amfani da samfurin akai-akai kuma a jere.
A lokacin karanci, ana iya amfani da wasu magungunan kashe qwari, sannan za a iya zabar wasu magungunan kashe qwari don tabbatar da cewa an kare amfanin gonar.Sashen Tsawaita Jami'ar Jihar Michigan yana ba da shawarar ku kula da lambar FRAC yayin yanke shawarar yin amfani da wani babban maganin fungicides.
Mancozeb yana samuwa azaman Manzate ko Dithane.Yana da faffadan bakan FRAC M3 fungicide tare da irin wannan tasiri ga chlorothalonil.Ana iya amfani dashi don cike giɓi da yawa waɗanda zasu iya haifar da matsala saboda ƙarancin chlorothalonil.Abin takaici, alamar mancozeb ba ta da wasu bayanan rajistar amfanin gona, gami da sprouts na Brussels, karas, broccoli, seleri da leek.Hakazalika, lokacin girbi kafin girbi na mango yana da tsawon kwanaki 5, wanda zai iya yin wahala a yi amfani da shi don girma da sauri da amfanin gona da yawa kamar kokwamba, rani da kuma lokacin rani.Saboda nau'ikan aikin sa da yawa, ana iya amfani da samfurin akai-akai kuma a jere, amma ana iya amfani da wasu hanyoyin kawai don bishiyar asparagus sau huɗu a mafi yawa da kuma amfanin gonar inabin don aikace-aikace takwas a mafi yawa.
Canjawa babban tsarin maganin kashe kwayoyin cuta ne wanda ke hade da fludemonil (FRAC 9) da ciprodinil (FRAC 12).Yana aiki a kan Alternaria leaf blight a cikin karas, Alternaria leaf spots a broccoli, Brussels sprouts, kabeji da farin kabeji, crater rot a seleri, da purple spots a cikin albasa.Yana da tazarar lokacin girbi kafin girbi kwatankwacin na chlorothalonil.A cikin fyade, karas, seleri da albasa, chlorothalonil na iya maye gurbin chlorothalonil.Lakabin sa yana iyakance ga kayan lambu masu ganye da tushen kayan lambu.Bayan amfani da Sauyawa sau biyu, da fatan za a juya shi azaman fungicide mai wakiltar wata lambar FRAC, sannan a sake amfani da ita.
Scala shine tsarin fungicides mai faɗin bakan da aka yi daga azoxystrobin (FRAC 9).Ba ta da alamomin fyade, inabi, da bishiyar asparagus.Duk da haka, yana iya maye gurbin launin ruwan hoda a cikin tafarnuwa, leek da albasa.Yana da tazarar bayan girbi mai kama da chlorothalonil.
Tanos babban bakan ne, tsarin gida da ƙwayar cuta, haɗin famoxalone (FRAC 11) da cyclophenoxy oxime (FRAC 27).Yana da matukar taimako wajen sarrafa Alternaria alternata kuma an yi amfani dashi azaman haɗakar tanki tare da takamaiman fungicides na ƙasa.Babu alamun bishiyar asparagus, broccoli, Brussels sprouts, kabeji, karas, broccoli ko seleri.Ana iya amfani da ita ga dukan inabi, tumatir, barkono, albasa, tafarnuwa da leek.A mafi yawan lokuta, lokacin girbi kafin girbi ya fi na kayan Mancozeb, amma ga amfanin gonakin inabi, tumatur da barkono, lokacin girbin har yanzu yana da tsawon kwanaki uku fiye da na kayayyakin chlorothalonil.Idan aka yi amfani da su akai-akai, samfuran da ke cikin FRAC 11 suna da haɗari mafi girma na ƙwayoyin cuta.Lokacin amfani da Tanos a cikin shirin fesa, koyaushe juya shi zuwa wani lambar FRAC.
Pristine babban bakan, tsarin gida da kuma giciye-Layer bactericide, wanda aka kafa ta hanyar hada kwayoyin FRAC (FRAC 11) da Carboxamide (FRAC 7).A halin yanzu, ba a lakafta shi bishiyar asparagus, canola, tumatir, barkono da dankali.Ana iya amfani da shi a maimakon Bravo don ciwon ganye na Alternaria a cikin kurangar inabi da karas, Alternaria leaf spot a seleri, da purple spots a tafarnuwa, leek da albasarta.Tazarar kafin girbi yayi kama da na chlorothalonil.Matsakaicin iyakar aikace-aikacen amfanin gonar inabin shine sau hudu a shekara, kuma iyakar aikace-aikacen albasa, tafarnuwa, da leek shine sau shida a shekara.Ana ba da izinin amfani da Pristine a cikin seleri sau biyu a shekara.A cikin hanyar fesa, koyaushe ka nisanci samfuran FRAC 11 duk lokacin da kake amfani da Pristine.
Quadris / Heritage, Cabrio / Kanun labarai ko Flint / Gem sune babban tsarin kayan aikin FRAC 11 na fungicides.An yi wa waɗannan nau'ikan fungicides na tushen strobilurin don amfani a yawancin kayan lambu, kuma a mafi yawan lokuta lokacin girbi kafin girbi shine kwanaki 0.Waɗannan samfuran suna da kyakkyawan tarihin magance cututtukan fungal da yawa.Koyaya, FRAC 11 cone globulin yana da babban yuwuwar samar da ƙwayoyin cuta masu jure wa ƙwayoyi ta hanyar maimaita amfani.Don kare amfani da strobilurin da jinkirta ci gaban juriya, alamun yanzu suna iyakance adadin gwamnatocin da aka yarda a kowace shekara.Ga yawancin amfanin gona, Quadris / Heritage kawai yana ba da damar aikace-aikace guda biyu a jere, Cabrio / Kanun labarai kawai yana ba da damar aikace-aikacen ci gaba ɗaya kawai, kuma Flint / Gem kawai yana ba da damar mafi girman aikace-aikace guda huɗu.
Tebur 1. Kwatanta manyan fungicides masu fadi don kayan lambu da aka fi girma a Michigan (duba pdf don bugawa ko karantawa)
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Jami'ar Jihar Michigan tabbatacce ce, daidaitaccen ma'aikaci, wanda ya himmatu don cimma kyakkyawan aiki ta hanyar ma'aikata iri-iri da al'adu mai haɗaka, da ƙarfafa kowa don cimma cikakkiyar damarsa.Shirye-shiryen fadada Jami'ar Jihar Michigan da kayan aiki a buɗe suke ga kowa da kowa, ba tare da la'akari da launin fata, launi, asalin ƙasa, jinsi, asalin jinsi, addini, shekaru, tsawo, nauyi, nakasa, imani na siyasa, yanayin jima'i, matsayin aure, matsayin iyali, ko ritaya. Matsayin soja.Tare da haɗin gwiwar Ma'aikatar Aikin Gona ta Amurka, an ba da ita ta hanyar haɓakawa ta MSU daga Mayu 8 zuwa 30 ga Yuni, 1914. Jeffrey W. Dwyer, Daraktan Tsawo na MSU, East Lansing, Michigan, MI48824.Wannan bayanin don dalilai ne na ilimi kawai.ambaton samfuran kasuwanci ko sunayen kasuwanci baya nufin cewa MSU Extension sun amince da su ko samfuran ni'imar da ba a ambata ba.Sunan 4-H da tambarin Majalisa suna da kariya ta musamman kuma ana kiyaye su ta lambar 18 USC 707.